Studies on chemical quality of ginger (Zingiber officinale L.) milk shake

India is the largest milk producing country in the world with 155.5 million tones milk production (2015-16). Milk shake, a product of Western origin, is obtained by freezing a mix very similar to soft serve ice-cream mix and speed mixing the frozen product in a mixture to make it pourable and generate foam in it. It has lower fat and sugar contents and higher milk SNF content than ice-cream. Ginger is a popular home remedy in India today. The medicinal properties of ginger in preventing cough and cold are well documented taking into account the medicinal properties of ginger, the present research “Studies on Chemical Quality of Zingiberofficinate L. milk shake by addition of Ginger juice control, 2.5 per cent, 5 per cent,7.5 per cent, 10 per cent of milk (V/V). The different chemical properties and sensory quality are determined. It was concluded that increase in level of ginger juice significantly decreased in total solid, fat, protein and increased in acidity per cent of milk shake. most accepted Treatment i.e. addition of ginger juice 5 per cent was contained 6.67, 26.71, 0.162 and 5.58 per cent fat, total solid, acidity and protein respectively.

Effect of Calcination Temperature on the Synthesis of ZrO2-Pillared Saponite to Catalytic Activity in Menthol Esterification

The influence of calcination temperature on the synthesis of zirconia-pillared saponite (PILS) and on its catalytic activity in menthol esterification has been studied. Zirconia pillarization was conducted using zirconium tetraisopropoxide as a precursor and with calcination temperatures of 450, 600 and 700 °C. Evaluation of physicochemical characteristics at these varied temperatures was carried out by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), surface area analysis, Scanning Electron Eicroscope (SEM) analysis, Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) and total acidity. The obtained results indicate that the structure and surface acidity of saponite were strongly influenced by calcination temperature. The solid acidity and surface parameters such as specific surface area, pore volume, and pore radius play an important role in the total conversion and selectivity in menthol esterification.

The Effect of Different Addition of Jicama (Pachyrhizus erosus) Extract to the Value of Total Lactic Acid Bacteria, Chemical Properties and Organoleptic in Soyghurt

This research aims to know the effect of addition of jicama extract with different concentration to the value of total lactic acid bacteria, chemical properties, and organoleptic in soyghurt sinbiotic. Experiment design that used in this research was experiment using complete random design with 4 treatments; i.e. concentration of jicama extract of 0%, 15%, 25%, and 35%. As result, jicama extract effected to total lactic acid bacteria, total solid, acidity, and organoleptic. The higher concentration of jicama extract the higher total lactic acid bacteria, total titratable acidity and acidity organoleptic. However, the total solid and mouthfeel organoleptic was decrease against the elevation of jicama extract.

Preparation of Novel TiO2-Silica Filter Photocatalyst Derived from Titanium Alkoxy-Diolate Precursor

Commercially available TiO2 (Degussa, P-25) is well-known as a highly active photocatalyst. However, in order to work as a photocatalyst, TiO2 must be dispersed onto a substrate without any binders but this still remains very difficult. We thus attempted to develop a novel TiO2 system with high photocatalytic activity. TiO2 anchored silica fibers (TAS) were prepared by chemical vapor deposition using titanium (IV) ethoxide and 1,3-butanediol. The content of TiO2 in TAS was varied from 0.5 to 5 mass%. It was observed that the surface of TAS was covered with anatase TiO2 particles 5-10 nm in diameter. TAS shows higher activity at a lower loading amount compared to P-25. Measurement of the acetaldehyde decomposition rate constant of P-25 and TAS carrying 2 mass% of titanium oxide under ultraviolet irradiation showed a value for TAS that was 1.4 times that of P-25. TAS showed a solid acidity amount higher than the P-25 in NH3-TPD measurements. It was considered that some Si species from the silica fibers migrated into the TiO2 layer by calcination, increasing the solid acidity of TAS. As a result, the adsorption of acetaldehyde increased, and the photocatalyst activity improved.