Design of Slow Traffic System in Historic District from the Perspective of Healthy City

Health is not only derived from a good personal lifestyle, but also from a good external social environment. This article summarizes relevant researches on healthy cities and slow-moving systems at home and abroad, and discusses how to understand the environmental space of historical locations from a human perspective, and use the concept of healthy cities to study the use of various spaces. Taking the Tanhualin Historic District in Wuhan as an example, this paper analyzes the current situation of the Tanhualin Historic District and the existing problems in the transportation system, and proposes a new design model for the slow system design of Tanhualin from the perspective of a healthy city.

Forcing equivalence between kissing cylinders

This chapter formulates and proves the jump mechanism. It constructs a variational problem which proves forcing equivalence for the original Hamiltonian using Definition 6.18. It first constructs a special variational problem for the slow mechanical system. A solution of this variational problem is an orbit “jumping” from one homology class to the other. The chapter then modifies this variational problem for the fast time-periodic perturbation of the slow mechanical system. This is achieved by applying the perturbative results established in Chapter 7. Recall the original Hamiltonian system near a double resonance can be brought to a normal form and this normal form, in turn, is related to the perturbed slow system through coordinate change and energy reduction. The variational problem for the perturbed slow system can then be converted to a variational problem for the original.

Derivation of the slow mechanical system

This chapter proves various normal form results and formulates the coordinate changes that are used to derive the slow system at the double resonance. The discussions here apply to arbitrary degrees of freedom. The results also apply to the proof of the main theorem by restricting to the case n = 2. First, the chapter reduces the system near an n-resonance to a normal form. After that, it performs a coordinate change on the extended phase space, and an energy reduction to reveal the slow system. The chapter then describes a resonant normal form, before explaining the affine coordinate change and the rescaling, revealing the slow system. Finally, it discusses variational properties of these coordinate changes.

Cerebellar degeneration reduces memory resilience after extended training

Patients with cerebellar ataxia suffer from various motor learning deficits hampering their ability to adapt movements to perturbations. Motor adaptation is hypothesized to be the result of two subsystems: a fast learning mechanism and a slow learning mechanism. We tested whether training paradigms that emphasize slow learning could alleviate motor learning deficits of cerebellar patients. Twenty patients with cerebellar degeneration and twenty age-matched controls were trained on a visuomotor task under four different paradigms: a standard paradigm, gradual learning, overlearning and long intertrial interval learning. Expectedly, cerebellar participants performed worse compared to control participants. However, both groups demonstrated elevated levels of spontaneous recovery in the overlearning paradigm, which we saw as evidence for enhanced motor memory retention after extended training. Behavioral differences were only found between the overlearning paradigm and standard learning paradigm in both groups.Modelling suggested that, in control participants, additional spontaneous recovery was the result of higher retention rates of the slow system as well as reduced learning rates of the slow system. In cerebellar participants however, additional spontaneous recovery appeared only to be the result of higher retention rates of the slow system and not reduced learning rates of the slow system. Thus, memory resilience was reduced in cerebellar participants and elevated levels of slow learning were less resilient against washing out. Our results suggest that cerebellar patients might still benefit from extended training through use-dependent learning, which could be leveraged to develop more effective therapeutic strategies.

Análise do Ambiente Informacional no Processo de Patente Brasileiro

A patente é uma ferramenta importante para o inventor, pois concede a ele um monopólio temporário de exploração devido à novidade atingida durante as pesquisas para a invenção. Atualmente os inventores brasileiros têm 30 mil pedidos no INPI, que concede cerca de 900 pedidos por ano de patentes depositadas. Essa lacuna entre entrada e saída de patentes, ocorre muito por parte de um sistema lento e criado só para poder coexistir com outros modelos de proteção. A presente pesquisa teve o intuito de analisar o processo de patentes brasileiro, valendo-se da ótica da informação, observando se a mesma é responsável pela fuga de pedidos de patentes do Brasil para o exterior. Foi utilizada uma pesquisa quali-quantitativa, com questionário apresentado via web, e também um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada, visando identificar o que os inventores percebiam no ambiente informacional do INPI. Foi possível identificar que existe um gap entre a percepção e a expectativa da informação vinda do INPI para os inventores, criando um ruído em todo o processo de patenteamento. As entrevistas efetuadas corroboram com o questionário quantitativo, pois mostraram o descontentamento tanto ao volume quanto à qualidade e à velocidade da informação apresentada pelo INPI. Esses dados são suficientes para mostrar que o processo de patentes brasileiro, na ótica da informação, é muito ruim, pois, após longos anos de espera, a expectativa do inventor é muito distante da percepção. Palavras-chave: Patentes. Proteção Industrial. SERVQUA. Vantagem Competitiva. AbstractA patent is an important tool for the inventor as it gives him a temporary monopoly of exploitation due to the novelty achieved during research for the invention. Currently Brazilian inventors have 30,000 applications at the INPI, which grants about 900 patent applications per year filed. This gap between patent entry and exit occurs largely from a slow system designed just to coexist with other protection models. This research aimed to analyze the Brazilian patent process, using the information perspective, observing if it is responsible for the escape of patent applications from Brazil to abroad. A qualitative and quantitative research was used, with a questionnaire presented via the web, as well as a semi-structured interview script, aiming to identify what the inventors perceived in the informational environment of the INPI. It was possible to identify that there is a gap between the perception and expectation of the information coming from the INPI to the inventors, creating a noise throughout the patenting process. The interviews carried out corroborate the quantitative questionnaire, as they showed discontent regarding both the volume and the quality and speed of the information presented by the INPI. These data are sufficient to show that the Brazilian patent process, from an information point of view, is very bad, because after long years of waiting, the inventor's expectation is very far from perception. Keywords: Patents. Industrial Protection. SERVQUAL. Competitive Advantage.

Partitioned Adaptive Control Based on Neural Network of a Flexible Space Robot After Capture Operation

The partitioned adaptive control and vibration suppression of free-floating space robot with flexible arms in post-impact process are studied. At first, the dynamic model of combination system after flexible space robot system capturing a target system is established based on the collision theory; the impact effect of space robot combination system after capture operation is analyzed at the same time. Secondly, based on the double time scale decomposition theory, the unstable combination system is decomposed into fast system and slow system, representing the rigid motion of the system and the flexible vibration respectively. To satisfy the compute capacity of space-borne computer and modular design concept, the slow system is considered as a set of interconnected subsystems and a decentralized adaptive neural network control scheme is designed. Neural network is applied to approximating the unknown dynamic of the subsystems; an adaptive sliding mode controller is designed to eliminate both interconnection term and approximation error. The control algorithm has a cutting edge in independent control signal and reduced calculation amount. The Linear Quadratic Optimal control scheme is designed for fast system to suppress the elastic vibration of the flexible manipulators. At last, numerical example demonstrates the validity of the proposed composite control scheme.

Evaluating a stochastic parametrization for a fast–slow system using the Wasserstein distance

Constructing accurate, flexible, and efficient parametrizations is one of the great challenges in the numerical modeling of geophysical fluids. We consider here the simple yet paradigmatic case of a Lorenz 84 model forced by a Lorenz 63 model and derive a parametrization using a recently developed statistical mechanical methodology based on the Ruelle response theory. We derive an expression for the deterministic and the stochastic component of the parametrization and we show that the approach allows for dealing seamlessly with the case of the Lorenz 63 being a fast as well as a slow forcing compared to the characteristic timescales of the Lorenz 84 model. We test our results using both standard metrics based on the moments of the variables of interest as well as Wasserstein distance between the projected measure of the original system on the Lorenz 84 model variables and the measure of the parametrized one. By testing our methods on reduced-phase spaces obtained by projection, we find support for the idea that comparisons based on the Wasserstein distance might be of relevance in many applications despite the curse of dimensionality.

Multiscale System for Environmentally-Driven Infectious Disease with Threshold Control Strategy

A multiscale system for environmentally-driven infectious disease is proposed, in which control measures at three different scales are implemented when the number of infected hosts exceeds a certain threshold. Our coupled model successfully describes the feedback mechanisms of between-host dynamics on within-host dynamics by employing one-scale variable guided enhancement of interventions on other scales. The modeling approach provides a novel idea of how to link the large-scale dynamics to small-scale dynamics. The dynamic behaviors of the multiscale system on two time-scales, i.e. fast system and slow system, are investigated. The slow system is further simplified to a two-dimensional Filippov system. For the Filippov system, we study the dynamics of its two subsystems (i.e. free-system and control-system), the sliding mode dynamics, the boundary equilibrium bifurcations, as well as the global behaviors. We prove that both subsystems may undergo backward bifurcations and the sliding domain exists. Meanwhile, it is possible that the pseudo-equilibrium exists and is globally stable, or the pseudo-equilibrium, the disease-free equilibrium and the real equilibrium are tri-stable, or the pseudo-equilibrium and the real equilibrium are bi-stable, or the pseudo-equilibrium and disease-free equilibrium are bi-stable, which depends on the threshold value and other parameter values. The global stability of the pseudo-equilibrium reveals that we may maintain the number of infected hosts at a previously given value. Moreover, the bi-stability and tri-stability indicate that whether the number of infected individuals tends to zero or a previously given value or other positive values depends on the parameter values and the initial states of the system. These results highlight the challenges in the control of environmentally-driven infectious disease.