Horticultural Study on Cucumber Cultivation; Pest and Disease Control from Traditional Approach

The aims of the study to know Horticultural Study on Cucumber Cultivation; Pest and Disease Control from Traditional Approach. Cucumber offers several health advantages, including a high concentration of Vitamin A, anti-cancer properties, the ability to absorb pollutants, and the ability to provide energy. cucumber is high in provitamin A, which helps to preserve eye health by acting as an antioxidant. It also helps to prevent damage to body cells that leads to premature aging by acting naturally. cucumber fruit has been shown to be effective in reducing the development of intestinal cancer.

Research on Mechanism of miR-214 Packaged with Lipidosome Nanoparticles on Prompting the Apoptosis of Intestinal Cancer Through Regulating p53 Pathway

Our study aimed at studying mechanism of miR-214 packaged with lipidosome nanoparticles on prompting apoptosis of intestinal cancer through regulating p53 pathway. SW480 cells were divided into blank group, empty carrier group, agonist group and group with carrier and antagonist. The negative control group was set, and groups related to p53 pathway were set as agonist group, inhibitor group and group with antagonist and inhibitor. The effect of miR-214 packaged with lipidosome nanoparticles on proliferation and apoptosis of intestinal cancer cells and p53 pathway in intestinal cancer cells was observed. Expression level of miR-214 in group with carrier and antagonist was lower than in other groups. The proportion of active cells in the group with carrier and antagonist started to be reduced notably from the second day. There was no notable declining tendency active cells’ proportion from other groups. The quantity of cell apoptosis in group with carrier and antagonist was higher than in the other groups. The expression level of cleaved Caspase-3 in the group with carrier and antagonist was notably higher than in the other groups. Moreover, expression of Bcl-2/Bax protein was reversed, while expression of p53 protein in the carrier and antagonist groups was notably higher than in the other groups. The antagonist of miR-214 packaged with lipidosome nanoparticles could target on p53 pathway. The activity of p53 pathway was reduced by miR-214, and expression of Bcl-2 was increased. The expressions levels of Bax and cleaved Caspase-3 were also reversed, and molecular mechanism was mainly related with restraining of p53 signal pathway.

In Vitro Selective Antibacterial and Antiproliferative Effects of Ethanolic Extracts from Cambodian and Philippine Plants Used in Folk Medicine for Diarrhea Treatment

Bacterial diarrhea remains a global health problem, especially in developing tropical countries. Moreover, dysbiosis caused by diarrheagenic bacteria and inappropriate antimicrobial treatment has been associated with intestinal carcinogenesis. Despite the rich tradition of the use of herbs for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders in Cambodian and Philippine folk medicine, many of them have not yet been systematically studied for their in vitro selective inhibitory effects on intestinal bacteria and cells. In the present study, in vitro inhibitory activities of 35 ethanolic extracts derived from 32 Cambodian and Philippine medicinal plants were determined by broth microdilution method against 12 pathogenic bacteria. Furthermore, cytotoxicity against intestinal cancer cells (Caco-2 and HT-29) using thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide cytotoxicity assay and safety to six beneficial intestinal bacteria (bifidobacteria and lactobacilli) and intestinal normal cells (FHs 74 Int) were determined for the antimicrobially active extracts. Selectivity indices (SIs) were calculated among the averages of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50), and 80% inhibitory concentrations of proliferation (IC80) for each type of the tested agents. The extracts of Artocarpus blancoi (Elmer) Merr. (Moraceae), Ancistrocladus tectorius (Lour.) Merr. (Ancistrocladaceae), and Pentacme siamensis (Miq.) Kurz (Dipterocarpaceae) produced significant growth-inhibitory effects (MICs = 32–512 μg/ml) against intestinal pathogenic bacteria at the concentrations nontoxic to normal intestinal cells (IC80 values >512 μg/ml; SIs = 0.11–0.2). Moreover, the extract of P. siamensis (Miq.) Kurz was relatively safe to beneficial bacteria (MICs ≥512 μg/ml; SI = 0.1), and together with A. blancoi (Elmer) Merr., they selectively inhibited intestinal cancer cells (IC50 values ≥51.98 ± 19.79 μg/ml; SIs = 0.3 and 0.6). Finally, a strong selective antiproliferative effect on cancer cells (IC50 values 37.89 ± 2.68 to 130.89 ± 13.99 μg/ml; SIs = 0.5) was exerted by Ehretia microphylla Lam. (Boraginaceae), Lagerstroemia cochinchinensis Pierre ex Gagnep. (Lythraceae), and Melastoma saigonense (Kuntze) Merr. (Melastomataceae) (leaves with flower buds). The results suggest that the above-mentioned species are promising materials for the development of new selective antibacterial and antiproliferative agents for the treatment of infectious diarrhea and associated intestinal cancer diseases. However, further research is needed regarding the isolation and identification of their active constituents.

The role of GSTM1 gene polymorphism in pathophysiology, evaluation, and management of constipation of anorectal outlet obstruction

Constipation of anorectal outlet obstruction may be caused by mechanical or functional causes. This complication is a debilitating disease that needs proper and timely treatment. Many studies have shown that there is a direct link between constipation and intestinal cancer. One of the most effective ways to prevent or diagnose intestinal cancer is through genetic studies. Evaluation of people's polymorphism shows how much they are at risk for cancer. Therefore, in this study, the GSTM1 gene polymorphism was evaluated in patients with constipation of anorectal outlet obstruction to assess better and manage this disease and investigate the possibility of anorectal cancer in these people. In this regard, 40 people with constipation of anorectal outlet obstruction were compared with 40 healthy people. In the case group (patients), in addition to demographic and clinical evaluations, the anorectal manometric test was used to diagnose the pathology of the disease. Results showed that out of 40 patients with constipation of anorectal outlet obstruction, 5 cases (12.5%) had megarectum, 7 cases (17.5%) had anismus, 10 cases (25%) had Hirschsprung's disease, 5 cases (12.5%) had descending perineum syndrome, 6 cases (15%) had rectal prolapse, 4 cases (10%) had enterocele, and 3 cases (7.5%) were with rectocele. Also, the results of GSTM1 gene deletion polymorphism showed that patients with constipation of anorectal outlet obstruction were almost two times more exposed to the null genotype than the control group (P <0.04). Therefore, in people with both constipation of anorectal outlet obstruction and null genotype (i.e., deletion in the GSTM1 gene), because they do not have glutathione-S transferase, they appear to be at higher risk for anorectal cancer than healthy people with the same genotype.