A Study of hailstorm of 19th April 2010 over Delhi using Doppler Weather Radar observations

Hailstorm of 19th April 2010 over Delhi has been studied using observations from Doppler Weather Radar (DWR) installed at Palam. The data was analysed at Central Server located at India Meteorological Department HQ using IRIS software (of M/s SIGMET-VAISALA, Finland) installed in the server. Reflectivity of 45 dBZ level was found to be 6.3 km above freezing level at the time of hailstorm which corresponds to 100% (obtained from probability function diagram of Witt et al. (1998)) probability of hail. Reflectivity was more than 55 dBZ upto 10 km and 7 km at 1110 UTC and 1120 UTC respectively which exceeds the hail threshold limit adopted in NEXRAD (USA). Maximum of 62 dBZ was observed at about 3 km at 1110 UTC and 64 dBZ at 3.5 km at 1120 UTC in Radar Data. Very high values of Vertical Integrated Liquid (VIL) ranging from 58.7 kg/m2 to 64.1 kg/m2 were observed between 1040 UTC and 1120 UTC which is higher than 43 kg/m2, the threshold value for occurrence of hail. Severe Hail Index (SHI), Probability of Severe Hail (POSH) and Maximum Expected Hail Size (MEHS) were computed to verify the applicability of enhancedHail Detection Algorithm (HDA) outlined by Witt et al. (1998) to Indian conditions. The Maximum Expected Hail Size (MEHS) computed using Doppler Weather Radar observations were 2.5 cm, 2.6 cm and 2.0 cm respectively at 1050 UTC, 1100 UTC and 1110 UTC which are in close agreement with the reported hail size. The study confirms that HDA and other thresholds of reflectivity and VIL used for hail detection and warnings in NEXRAD (USA) can be used in Indian conditions also.

Semantic Web Mining for Analyzing Retail Environment Using Word2Vec and CNN-FK

Digital Technology is becoming increasingly essential to organizations. Related knowledge is important for a company to allow optimal use of its IT services. The use of Big Data is relatively new to this field. Handling Big data is not, at this stage, a problem for large business organizations in particular; it has also become a challenge for small and medium-sized businesses. Although Semantic Web analysis is largely focused on fundamental advances that are expected to make the Semantic Web a reality, there has not been much work done to demonstrate the feasibility and effect of the Semantic Web on business issues. The infrastructure of electronic information executives and business types has provided various enhancements for companies, such as the automated process of buying and selling products. Nevertheless, undertakings are checked for the multifaceted nature of the extension required to deal with an ever-increasing number of electronic details and procedures. This paper suggests a model with a neural network design and a word representation system named Word2Vec for analyzing retail environment. Firstly, Word2vec manages the text data and shows it as a function diagram and a feature map is given to the Convolution Neural Network (CNN) that extracts the features and classifies them. The IMDB dataset, the Cornell dataset, the Amazon Products Dataset and the Twitter dataset were analyzed in the proposed model. The proposed Convolution Neural Network Fisher Kernel (CNN-FK) model is compared with the existing SVM model for analyzing retail environment in semantic web mining. The new approach has increased efficiency when compared to existing models.

Gastrointestinal jabberwocky to bioengineering design: using function diagrams to teach physiology

Function diagrams put the focus on physiology and physiological concepts rather than the associated anatomy. Function diagrams could potentially serve as an elaboration tool and memory aid (mnemonic) to improve learning and recall. The function diagram prototype of the gastrointestinal system can aid in the instruction of difficult gastrointestinal physiology topics using a sequential focus on fundamental gastrointestinal functions.

IMPLEMENTATION OF A FUNCTIONAL APPROACH TO TRAINING INTERPRETERS

The article deals with the problem of implementing a functional approach in the training of interpreters. The significance of this approach is due to the need to form in them a conscious attitude to the translated text and the communicative situation of its creation, as well as to a reasonable choice of translation strategies and tactics. The article presents a retrospective of the functional approach emergence and development on the example of scientists from West Germany and Russia, and modern approaches to its implementation on the example of texts of various genres translations into Chinese and Arabic. The author considers the possibility of implementing a functional approach in the training of interpreters, especially at the stage of learning and preparation for interpretation. Namely, instructions to analyze external and internal factors of the source and target texts generation in a situation of excursion and to working with the function diagram of the dialogue in the situation "Meeting at the airport" are presented. The author draws a conclusion that while teaching interpreters, it is necessary to pay attention to the specifics of the oral, multimodal translation discourse, the status-role and communicative characteristics of the participants, the contact situation and the sphere of communication. The main provisions and conclusions of the article can be used by teachers of translation in the process of preparing students for future translation activities.

DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS CALCULATION FOR ELECTRO-HYDRAULIC CONVERTER OF NOZZLE-FLAP TYPE FOR MODERNIZATION OF SYSTEM FOR MOTOR-CAR FUEL FEEDING CONTROL

At the current stage of the development of means for automatic control for the formation of qualitative systems of machines, construction and road machinery, railway transport there are used electro-hydraulic devices transforming electric input signals into hydraulic output power. To carry out a generalized analysis and for the fulfillment of the preliminary synthesis of an automated hydraulic system on the whole the static and dynamic characteristics of its separate units should be obtained. In the paper there is presented a calculation of a theoretical dynamic characteristic of the electro-hydraulic nozzle-flap converter to substantiate potentialities of its inclusion as an adjusting device acting upon rods of a high-pressure fuel pump in the system of fuel feeding control of a KamAZ motor-car engine. At that the converter was considered as interconnected units: a unit of feedback. The methods of the investigation of processes in the converter are based on the fundamentals of the theory of automatic control. As it follows from the transition function diagram obtained as a result of the investigations carried out the transition time of a electro-hydraulic converter slide valve movement from a neutral position into an extreme one in the course of sending a maximum control signal to the coil does not exceed 1.1 sec, that is satisfactory for the formation of hydraulic drive control systems.

Empirical Studies of Functional Decomposition in Early Design

This paper explores functional decomposition in early design. In the first part of this study, we explore how the three most common methods (top-down, energy-flow, enumeration) affect concept generation for novice design teams (n=25). We found that nearly all the features in the final concept could be mapped to the function diagram, though not all the functions mapped to the actual concept. This suggests that there is not much change in system functionality between these two phases, despite being separated by a few weeks. We also found that teams who used top-down and energy-flow performed nearly the same, and teams who used enumeration performed worse than those who used energy-flow. Based on these results, we recommend using either top-down or energy-flow, but not enumeration in early design. We also observed that teams used the diagramming process to reach a consensus and support team communication. The second part of this study evaluates design reports (n=78) from industry engineers taking a distance learning design course. Even though roughly half of the reports used functional decomposition, there was no correlation between using functional decomposition and final design quality as measured by various grade components. We also observed that half of the function diagrams were tree diagrams. This supports prior findings that a top-down, tree-based approach is more intuitive for engineers. Together, these results suggest that functional decomposition is helpful for team communication, but show no direct correlation with design outcome. We also recommend training strategies for teaching decomposition based on differences between the two datasets.

Multi-Freedom Planetary Transmission Scheme Based on Graph Theory of Topological Synthesis

In order to enrich the synthesis theory of planetary gearbox and meet the needs of multiple gearshifts this paper proposes a comprehensive method for the planetary gear transmission. Based on the topological graph atlas, the kinematic chains of 9-link and 2 degrees of freedom are synthesized. By the topological graph selection principle and gear function diagram transformation principle, 6-speed transmission mechanisms are obtained.

Organization of Continuous Process Simulation via E-Network

In this article, the proposed approaches to continuous process simulation via E-network are considered in order to construct analytical and simulation models using unified methodology. Principals of continuous process simulation via E-networks using Block Function Diagram programming technology are presented. The construction of continuous process dynamic models is based on the state space method and is implemented using E-network algorithmic simulation scheme.