ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION OF CARBON AND OXYGEN IN SEDIMENTATION AND EPIGENETIC CARBONATES OF THE LOWER TRANSITIONAL MEMBER OF THE VERKHNEKAMSKOE SALT DEPOSIT

In contrast to the carbonate-sulfate evaporites of the Syukeevskoe deposit and the salts of the Starobinskoe deposit, the formation of the salt stratum of the Verkhnekamskoe deposit is assumed to involve melt water formed between the P2 and P3 glacial events. Comparison of host rocks and newly formed mineralization made it possible to show that the process of diagenesis in carbonate-argillaceous strata alternating with rock salt was difficult. Initially, there was a decomposition of dispersed plant detritus, which is confirmed by the lightening of the isotopic composition of carbon. After the interaction of sulfate-containing sediment with desalinated waters, the anhydrite was replaced by 16O-enriched calcite. The complete lithification and stratification of clay strata led to the formation of exfoliation cavities, in which halite-calcite veins of columnar structure were formed associated with the influx of brines from neighboring salt strata enriched in 18O.

PHILOGENETIC DIVERSITY OF BACTERIA OF THE FAMILY MICROCOCCACEAE ISOLATED FROM BIOTOPES WITH DIFFERENT ANTHROPOGENIC IMPACT

The data on the taxonomy and distribution of bacteria of the family Micrococcaceae isolated from ecosys-tems with different degrees of anthropogenic impact (Perm Territory: Perm, Berezniki, Solikamsk, Osa) are analyzed. The phylogenetic diversity and wide distribution of the family Micrococcaceae representa-tives in various biotopes of the Verkhnekamskoe salt deposit mining area are shown. A variety of species of the Micrococcaceae family bacteria was revealed in the soil and rhizosphere of plants growing near salt dumps. Based on the analysis of the 16S rRNA gene, the studied strains of the family Micrococca-ceae were assigned to seven genera: Arthrobacter, Pseudoarthrobacter, Glutamicibacter, Micrococcus, Kocuria, Nesterenkonia, Rothia. The studied cultivated bacteria of the family Micrococcaceae, isolated from ecotopes with extreme environmental conditions, are promising for their further use for biotechno-logical purposes.

Dritsite, Li2Al4(OH)12Cl2·3H2O, a New Gibbsite-Based Hydrotalcite Supergroup Mineral

Dritsite, ideally Li2Al4(OH)12Cl2·3H2O, is a new hydrotalcite supergroup mineral formed as a result of diagenesis in the halite−carnallite rock of the Verkhnekamskoe salt deposit, Perm Krai, Russia. Dritsite forms single lamellar or tabular hexagonal crystals up to 0.25 mm across. The mineral is transparent and colourless, with perfect cleavage on {001}. The chemical composition of dritsite (wt. %; by combination of electron microprobe and ICP−MS; H2O calculated by structure refinement) is: Li2O 6.6, Al2O3 45.42, SiO2 0.11, Cl 14.33, SO3 0.21, H2Ocalc. 34.86, O = Cl − 3.24, total 98.29. The empirical formula based on Li + Al + Si = 6 apfu (atom per formula unit) is Li1.99Al4.00Si0.01[(OH)12.19Cl1.82(SO4)0.01]Σ14.02·2.60(H2O). The Raman spectroscopic data indicate the presence of O–H bonding in the mineral, whereas CO32– groups are absent. The crystal structure has been refined in the space group P63/mcm, a = 5.0960(3), c = 15.3578(13) Å, and V = 345.4(5) Å3, to R1 = 0.088 using single-crystal data. The strongest lines of the powder X-ray diffraction pattern (d, Å (I, %) (hkl)) are: 7.68 (100) (002), 4.422 (61) (010), 3.832 (99) (004, 012), 2.561 (30) (006), 2.283 (25) (113), and 1.445 (26) (032). Dritsite was found as 2H polytype, which is isotypic with synthetic material and shows strong similarity to chlormagalumite-2H. The mineral is named in honour of the Russian crystallographer and mineralogist Prof. Victor Anatol`evich Drits.

New genetic type of leaching zones in the salts of the verkhnekamskoe salt deposit: hydrochemical, mineralogical and structural indicators

The brine-saturated leaching zone first encountered in the salt rocks of the Verkhnekamskoe Salt Deposit is characterized in detail. It consists of a cavernous nucleus (40×70 m), composed of an aposilvinite syngenite-halite rock with gypsum and kalistroncite, and a recrystallization halo 60–80 m wide, not containing secondary sulfates. Above the leaching zone is a linear zone of weathering and decarbonization of marls above the salt layer. This zone is controlled by the anticlinal crest of the sublatitudinal strike, extending parallel to the Durinsky Trough of the sedimentary-fault nature. The penetration of supra-salt waters into a salt deposit is associated with the manifestation of deformations in the salt mass at its hinge inflection during the formation of the Durinsky deflection in the Early Permian time. The connection of the brines of the investigated leaching zone with infiltration over-salt sulfate-calcium waters was revealed and their place was determined in the general scheme of genetic typification of natural brines and waters circulating in the salt deposit of the Verkhnekamskoe Salt Deposit.