W.B. Yeats and the Delegated Voice: The Words upon the Window-Pane and A Full Moon in March

This article uses the concept of phonography, defined as the representation of sonic events, to examine two of W.B. Yeats’s later plays, The Words upon the Window-Pane and A Full Moon in March. Each of these plays allegorizes its own genesis as a phonographic artwork, a sonic inscription designed to transmit the author’s voice. By asking whether text can serve as a conduit, they provide ample evidence of Yeats’s attachment to phonocentric thought. The Words anticipates Roland Barthes’s pronouncements on “the death of the author” by pessimistically deconstructing Yeats’s own phonocentric position. Its centrepiece is a corrupted séance that functions as a travesty of the play itself, enacting a mechanical medium through a spiritualist medium who seems to relay a recording of the voice of Jonathan Swift. While The Words registers a host of anxieties about mediation, social degeneration, and nullified authority, A Full Moon reconciles voice and inscription in the symbol of the singing severed head. This reconciliation is allegorized as a sacred marriage, a scripted ritual that involves an execution by beheading. The head’s song, which can be read as Yeats’s figure for the phonographic inscription, represents the magically immediate transmission of the poet’s voice to a posthumous audience.

The blues of Romuliana

The paper presents a set of glass fragments excavated at several different locations within and outside the late Roman fortified imperial residence Felix Romuliana (Gamzigrad, Serbia). This small group of eighteen fragments and mosaic glass tesserae are distinguished by their cobalt blue colour. The majority of the finds are mosaic tesserae (six pcs) and sheets of glass (five pcs), which could be related to architectural decoration (sectilia panels). Others are pieces left behind from secondary glass working (four pcs). There are also two fragments tentatively identified as window pane pieces, and only one find is a vessel sherd. The materials are dated to the 4th century. Significantly, some of the production debris and the two ?window pane? fragments were found inside the destruction of a glass furnace. The analyses of the chemical glass composition of the finds confirmed that the blue colourant in all samples is cobalt, and antimony is also present at notable levels (except for one sample), likely to produce opacification of the glass. Regarding the origin of the raw glass, the data on almost all pieces suggests a Syro-Palestinian provenance, and a single sample could be related to Egyptian primary glass production. Importantly, the concentrations of the oxides added to the base glasses in order to modify the colour are positively correlated in certain samples, hinting at the makeup of the cobalt bearing ingredient and at a likely existence of particular production practices of the late Roman period.

INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF FALL ARMYWORM (SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA) IN MAIZE CROP

Fall armyworm is an important pest of maize crop and native of America. Fall armyworm distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of many countries in the World. Eggs, larva, pupae & adults are the 4 stages of life -cycle. Eggs are covered with grey -pink colour layer. Larvae are 35-90mm long in size. The size of male & female pupae are 1.3 to 1.5 cm & 1.6 to 1.7 cm. grey, light brown & silver colour wings are observed in fall armyworm. The larvae of Spodoptera frugiperda larvae feed by scrapping green tissue of leaves & grown up larvae feed large amount of leaf tissues. Window pane like damage should be observed on leaves area. Fall armyworm affects on leaf corn and all sweet tissue part of the maize crop. Deep ploughing before onset of rains & wide sowing practices is best cultural practices for the management of all armyworm. Using of sex pheromone traps @2traps/acre at the time of sowing & hand picking and squashing of eggs are also found effective to control fall armyworm. Spraying of azadirachtin 1 Ec @2ml/liters of water, Emmamectin benzoate 5 SG @0.5g/liters of water, Chlorpyriphos 50% + Cypermetharin 5% Ec. @2ml/liters of water, lambada-Cyhalothrin 5% EC. @2ml/liters of water should be found effective chemical control on armyworm.

Fiama Hasse Pais Brandão e Walter Benjamin: poesia, ruína e aura / Fiama Hasse Pais Brandão and Walter Benjamin: Poetry, Ruin and Aura

Resumo: Este artigo recorre ao conceito de aura e à alegoria do Anjo da História de Walter Benjamin para explorar como a obra de Fiama Hasse Pais Brandão comunica com o pensamento pensador alemão. Em Fiama, o sujeito poético recusa o fluxo contínuo do tempo, posicionando-se num «Agora» atemporal, que se sustenta das ruínas do passado e da destruição vindoura. Avessa como Benjamin à ideia de progresso, Fiama invoca uma tradição dinâmica e heterodoxa, mostrando-nos como o mundo não é mais que a vidraça onde embatem as palavras dos mortos. Palavras que junto com a experiência do sujeito poético no seu mundo possibilitam uma recuperação da aura nos objectos observados a partir de uma distância contemplativa. A utilização do quadro teórico de Benjamin permite ainda detectar uma dimensão política geralmente pouco discutida na obra de Fiama Hasse Pais Brandão.Palavras-chave: Poesia Portuguesa Contemporânea; Poesia 61; Fiama Hasse Pais Brandão; Walter Benjamin; ruína.Abstract: This article uses Benjamin’s concept of aura and his Angel of History allegory to investigate how a reading of Fiama Hasse Pais Brandão´s work can be enriched by the thought of the German philosopher. In Fiama’s poetry, the lyrical subject refuses the continual flow of time by assuming an out-of-time “Now”, a position that is sustained by the ruins of the past and the incoming destruction which threatens that same “Now”. As Benjamin, Fiama opposes the idea of progress, while evoking a dynamic and heterodox tradition, to reveal us the world as a mere window pane into which the words of the dead poets collide. These words retrieved from the ruins of human culture combine with the world as experienced by the lyrical subject to produce a configuration where it is possible to recover the aura in objects observed from a contemplative distance. We further argue that the use of Benjamin’s theory allows us to unveil a usually overlooked political dimension which nonetheless present within Fiama’s body of work.Keywords: Contemporary Portuguese poetry; Poesia 61; Fiama Hasse Pais Brandão; Walter Benjamin; ruins.

Glasstexts: Seeing Through Rossetti's Material Word

Rossetti's relationship to the material has always received critical attention, most recently in the work of Matthew Polotsky and Brian Donnelly. Eric Fontana has investigated the speech acts in his poems, but no work has considered words themselves as material objects in Rossetti's poetry. Focusing exclusively on instances of glass inscription in Rossetti's poems, I show how the poet's material words recognise reading and writing as visual experiences we sometimes forget we are having. By analysing inscribed glass in three key Dante Gabriel Rossetti poems, ‘Words On The Window-Pane’, ‘Jenny’, and ‘Rose Mary’, I investigate the ways in which Rossetti's glasstexts assume the duality of the surfaces on which they appear, arguing that they draw our attention to words as both things and pictures of things. I suggest that scratched, scrawled and engraved words enhance the contradictions and complications inherent in glass, and intensify the complex interplay between transitivity and reflection that defines the experience of reading itself. I also argue that these glasstexts are of their historical moment because, as Isobel Armstrong has shown, they are preoccupied with surface markings that betray glass as visible mediation, revealing its dual function as medium and barrier.

Redescription of Arcotheres placunae (Hornell & Southwell, 1909) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Pinnotheridae) from India and Pakistan

The identity of Arcotheres placunae (Hornell & Southwell, 1909) (Pinnotheridae), a pea crab associated with the window pane shell, Placuna placenta, has been confused as the types are lost and the original figures are inaccurate and do not match the description given of the species. In the present study, fresh specimens of the species were collected from the type locality (Gulf of Kachchh, Gujarat, India), and the species is here redescribed and refigured, and its affinities with similar species is discussed. To stabilize the taxonomy of A. placunae, a neotype is chosen from amongst the fresh material.

Achieving energy efficiency and aesthetics through windows in the Tropics

The world today is faced with climate change issues and due to the activities man has been involved in over the years. Worldleaders have become very concerned with this and lot of measures are been laid down to mitigate this. The built environmentis a major contributor since its construction process, materials used and even the daily operation uses a lot energy which is amajor concern. Architects are therefore challenged with creating a balance between their traditional aesthetics of buildingsand energy efficiency. This research therefore seeks to find out how this balance can be achieved in the tropics through theuse of different window pane properties. The study therefore sought to identify developments of windows with regards to theirpane properties to see how both aesthetics and energy efficiency can be achieved. Literature was reviewed to find out thecurrent situation and then a case study building analysed for results. The case study buildings were then modified to see theeffect of each modification. Comparative analysis was done with the original buildings and the modified buildings and it wasfound that reflection was a key to achieve both aesthetics and energy efficiency. Other factors had impact and influence onthe aesthetics and energy efficiency but reflection stood out of the lot.