Towards New Multiwavelets: Associated Filters and Algorithms. Part I: Theoretical Framework and Investigation of Biomedical Signals, ECG and Coronavirus Cases

Biosignals are nowadays important subjects for scientific researches from both theory, and applications, especially, with the appearance of new pandemics threatening the humanity such as the new Coronavirus. One aim in the present work is to prove that Wavelets may be a successful machinery to understand such phenomena by applying a step forward extension of wavelets to multi-wavelets. We proposed in a first step to improve multi-wavelet notion by constructing more general families using independent components for multi-scaling, and multi-wavelet mother functions. A special multi-wavelet is then introduced, continuous, and discrete multi-wavelet transforms are associated, as well as new filters, and algorithms of decomposition, and reconstruction. The constructed multi-wavelet framework is applied for some experimentations showing fast algorithms, ECG signal, and a strain of Coronavirus processing.

Simplified VIV Response of Partially Strake-Covered Pipe Spans

A simplified method for the fatigue assessment for partially strake-covered pipeline spans is provided and calibrated so that for the bare pipe case it is consistent with the current DNVGL Recommended Practice (DNVGL-RP-F105). It is based on a Rayleigh-Ritz approximation using the first undamped mode shape. In that sense it is equivalent to a single-mode analysis using Shear7, except that it accounts for frequency-dependent added mass, and the formulation is presented in a compact and convenient non-dimensional form. The method presented may also be considered a simplification of that in Vivana in that it does not account for propagating wave effects, and is therefore named “Sivana”.Like any frequency-domain method Sivana is based on the assumption of harmonic response. This requires excitation and added mass functions that define a harmonic hydrodynamic force as a function of the harmonic motion. On the other hand, current practice by DNVGL-RP-F105 is based on a response function, which gives VIV amplitude as function of reduced velocity and the Scruton mass-damping parameter Ks. To bridge this gap, an inversion technique is developed whereby the excitation function for bare pipe is derived from the DNVGL-RP-F105 response function, such that for bare pipe the Sivana calculation will lead to the same response amplitudes as DNVGL-RP-F105. The Sivana method is illustrated by an example involving a single span with different degrees of strake coverage centered at midspan.Although the Sivana method might be considered a natural and straight-forward extension of current span assessment practice to include partial strake coverage, caution is in order for certain approximations in the DNVGL-RP-F105 response function may be less appropriate for the use in this paper, than for the use envisioned by the developers of the DNVGL guidance.

Indian E-Commerce Industry Startup Scenario with Trend and Opportunities

The e-commerce model is the straight forward extension of physical store. Nowadays, it is verified one extended to M-Commerce, Social Commerce and E-Start-ups. There are an increasing range of start-ups within the Indian e commerce business that has brought the new idea of business via on-line market places. Because of widespread demand for on-line merchandise and repair, the e-commerce business has been growing hastily and so there are larger opportunities to the new entrepreneurs to require the benefits of identical. E-Commerce is the businesses those are done through the utilization of Technology involving laptop, Smartphone and web. This involves client, Business and public that are connected to every alternative through ICT to hold on the business by businessmen wherever seller is mercantilism merchandise or providing service to client and payment by client electronically. In India, E-Commerce has been showing important growth wherever the digital consumers are increasing on the one hand and price of dealing on the opposite. The paper deals with the study of Indian E-Commerce business start-ups state of affairs with trend and opportunities.

A tensile trilayered cytoskeletal endotube drives capillary-like lumenogenesis

Unicellular tubes are components of internal organs and capillaries. It is unclear how they meet the architectural challenge to extend a centered intracellular lumen of uniform diameter. In an RNAi-based Caenorhabditis elegans screen, we identified three intermediate filaments (IFs)—IFA-4, IFB-1, and IFC-2—as interactors of the lumenal membrane-actin linker ERM-1 in excretory-canal tubulogenesis. We find that IFs, generally thought to affect morphogenesis indirectly by maintaining tissue integrity, directly promote lumenogenesis in this capillary-like single-cell tube. We show that ERM-1, ACT-5/actin, and TBB-2/tubulin recruit membrane-forming endosomal and flux-promoting canalicular vesicles to the lumen, whereas IFs, themselves recruited to the lumen by ERM-1 and TBB-2, restrain lateral vesicle access. IFs thereby prevent cystogenesis, equilibrate the lumen diameter, and promote lumen forward extension. Genetic and imaging analyses suggest that IFB-1/IFA-4 and IFB-1/IFC-2 polymers form a perilumenal triple IF lattice, sandwiched between actin and helical tubulin. Our findings characterize a novel mechanism of capillary-like lumenogenesis, where a tensile trilayered cytoskeletal endotube transforms concentric into directional growth.

3D optimal defensive guidance strategy with safe distance

This work investigates the active defense problem wherein a target aircraft launches a defending missile (i.e. a defender) to intercept an attacking missile in three-dimensional (3D) space. The novelty of this work includes: adding a safe distance for the target, which protects the target from being influenced by defensive interception, and designing a new 3D defensive guidance strategy without linearization to meet different guidance requirements. The defensive guidance strategy combines the approach of analyzing 3D pursuit-evasion engagement and the optimal control to obtain the guidance law. The approach derives the analytical solutions of 3D pursuit-evasion engagement, and a fast algorithm to predict the trajectory of attacking missile is proposed based on these analytical solutions. The advantages of this guidance strategy include incorporation of the added safe distance requirement directly without hindering the ability of the optimal guidance law to meet other requirements, and straight-forward extension for advanced scenarios where multi-defenders intercept the attacking missile simultaneously from different directions. The performance of the 3D defensive guidance law is evaluated via simulations.

Modification of Bikerman model with specific ion sizes

Classical Poisson-Boltzman and Poisson-Nernst-Planck models can only work when ion concentrations are very dilute, which often mismatches experiments. Researchers have been working on the modification to include finite-size effect of ions, which is non-negelible when ion concentrations are not dilute. One of modified models with steric effect is Bikerman model, which is rather popular nowadays. It is based on the consideration of ion size by putting additional entropy term for solvent in free energy. However, ion size is non-specific in original Bikerman model, which did not consider specific ion sizes. Many researchers have worked on the extension of Bikerman model to have specific ion sizes. A direct extension of original Bikerman model by simply replacing the non-specific ion size to specific ones seems natural and has been acceptable to many researchers in this field.Herewe prove this straight forward extension, in some limiting situations, fails to uphold the basic requirement that ion occupation sites must be identical. This requirement is necessary when computing entropy via particle distribution on occupation sites.We derived a new modified Bikerman model for using specific ion sizes by fixing this problem, and obtained its modified Poisson-Boltzmann and Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations.

Spontaneous Resolution of Cavum Veli Interpositi

Cavum veli interpositi is an open CSF space in the roof of the third ventricle that surrounds the internal cerebral veins, and is a forward extension of the quadrigeminal plate cistern. To the best of our knowledge, spontaneous resolution of a cavum veli interpositi has not been reported in the literature to date. Interestingly, case reports of spontaneous resolution of cystic cavum septum pellucidum in three patients and eighteen arachnoid cyst cases has been described in the literature. We describe the spontaneous resolution of a cavum veli interpositi or cyst in cavum veli interpositi in a 35-year-old man and review the literature of spontaneous resolution of cavum septum pellucidum and arachnoid cysts.

Temporal Patterns of Field Potentials in Vibrissa/Barrel Cortex Reveal Stimulus Orientation and Shape

During environmental exploration, rats rhythmically whisk their vibrissae along the rostrocaudal axis. Each forward extension of the vibrissa array establishes rapid spatiotemporal contact with an object under investigation. This contact presumably produces equally rapid spatiotemporal patterns of population responses in the vibrissa representation of somatosensory cortex [the posterior medial barrel subfield (PMBSF)] reflecting features of a stimulus. We used extracellular mapping to identify object features based on spatiotemporal patterns of evoked potentials. Spatiotemporal modeling of evoked potential patterns accurately reconstructed linear versus curved stimuli and detected orientation changes as small as 5°. Whiskers forming arcs in the PMBSF, essential for this reconstruction, may represent a fundamental processing module. We propose that the PMBSF may function as a spatial frequency analyzer, with intrarow processing integrating a complementary set of spatial frequencies from the arcs in a single whisk.

Steady and Unsteady Flow in Noncircular Straight Ducts

A general numerical method to solve for the steady parallel fully developed flow in ducts of arbitrary shape is illustrated and compared to analytic solutions for simple shapes. A straight forward extension of the method is applied also to oscillatory flow solutions. By linear superposition, any pulsatile parallel flow in an arbitrary duct can be synthesized.