Fractional ModelArchitecturefora crude-gasturbulent flow

Currently, petroleum is one of the primary economic resources for Mexico and other developing countries. The legal production begins at the wells and storage systems; once required, it is transported to the refinery or the ship exportation. The oil industry uses various mathematical models to know the pressure drop in a pipeline or reproduce different variables included; however, they require lengthy analysis times that can be reduced with solutions of analytical differential equations. In the present work, a model is developed to know the pressure drops in the pipeline but from the fractional calculation, reducing the analysis steps and developing predictions quickly. The obtained model allows the reproductionof the velocity profiles for the various Reynold values that characterize the exposed flow.

Augustine’s Use of Rhetorical Economy in His Theology of History

Chapter 4 focuses on Augustine’s utilization of rhetorical economy as the logic by which he explains God’s providential ordering of the entire temporal creation as it moves through time. In the first section a close reading of On True Religion 22.42–3 reveals that Augustine utilizes rhetorical economy early in his career as the logic by which he explains the goodness of temporal things against the Manichaean position that evil is substantial. A lengthy analysis of On Music 6.11.29–30 then demonstrates that Augustine continues to utilize rhetorical economy in the mid to late 390s in order to explain how God arranges human beings within history. The final section then shows that Augustine uses rhetorical economy late in his career to explain both the differing methods of worship in the Old and New Testaments and how God incorporates human beings who become evil into the whole of history.

DirectMS1: MS/MS-free identification of 1000 proteins of cellular proteomes in 5 minutes

Proteome characterization relies heavily on tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) and is thus associated with instrumentation complexity, lengthy analysis time, and limited duty-cycle. It was always tempting to implement approaches which do not require MS/MS, yet, they were constantly failing in achieving meaningful depth of quantitative proteome coverage within short experimental times, which is particular important for clinical or biomarker discovery applications. Here, we report on the first successful attempt to develop a truly MS/MS-free and label-free method for bottom-up proteomics. We demonstrate identification of 1000 protein groups for a standard HeLa cell line digest using 5-minute LC gradients. The amount of loaded sample was varied in a range from 1 ng to 500 ng, and the method demonstrated 10-fold higher sensitivity compared with the standard MS/MS-based approach. Due to significantly higher sequence coverage obtained by the developed method, it outperforms all popular MS/MS-based label-free quantitation approaches.

The influence of selected factors on the load capacity of sewers that are renovated using the relining method

The paper contains the results of a lengthy analysis of the operation of sewers renovated using the relining method. The author based the analysis on the effects obtained from computer simulations that were carried out using the Finite Element Method. The models used to proceed with the FEM simulations were verified by the results obtained from 1:1 laboratory research, conducted by the author over the period 2011-2013. The influence of a few strictly defined factors, related to the cooperation between the liner, injection grout and the construction of the original pipe, were taken into consideration. The report contains the description of FEM simulations and their assumptions, as well as a synthetic analysis of the results.

Traditional Culture and the Critique of Radical Humanism

This is a lengthy analysis of the ideas and forms of discourse of those who endorsed cultural continuity, particularly the continuity of traditions related to the “three crowns” of Florence: Dante, Petrarch, and Boccaccio. in reality, this traditional culture was the basis of the intellectual culture of the oligarchs. Most traditionalists, though not all of them, appreciated romantic and chivalric literature, cultivated the Italian language, and preferred Aristotle to Plato. Traditionalists attacked radical humanists such as Niccolò Niccoli (the humanist closest to Cosimo de’ Medici) as someone at best useless to society and at worst dangerous to it. The chapter introduces a theme that will be developed later in the book, namely that the Latin (or classical) culture—and not the vernacular culture—was the “popular culture” of the period.

Genshin and Pure Land Buddhism

This chapter takes up Genshin’s involvement with Pure Land Buddhism after he secluded himself in Yokawa. It first discusses Genshin’s Byakugō kanbō, his first (albeit extremely short) work on contemplating Amida, written just shortly after he turned to the Pure Land faith. Then it provides a brief outline of the Ōjōyōshū. Finally, the chapter ends with a lengthy analysis of the Nijūgo zanmaie, a Pure Land association in which Genshin took a leading role.

Susan Glaspell: A Critical Biography. By Barbara Ozieblo. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2000; pp 345. $55.00 hardcover, $22.50 paperback.

The past two decades have witnessed an increasing interest in the work of Susan Glaspell. C. W. E. Bigsby's collection of her plays, published in 1988, introduced many readers to her work for the first time. Reviewing the collection, critic Michael Goldman called Glaspell “the only playwright of her generation worthy of comparison with O'Neill.” Since that time, essays about Glaspell's work have been published in multiple books: Mary E. Papke published the very thorough and useful Susan Glaspell: A Research and Production Sourcebook (1993); a lengthy analysis of Glaspell's plays, with particular emphasis on their expressionistic qualities, appeared in my book American Women Playwrights, 1900 – 1950 (1995); and there have been academic conferences devoted to Glaspell's work. Now Barbara Ozieblo has written an excellent critical biography that will be of value to theatre scholars.

Spin-On-Glass (SOG) Contamination Causing Single Via Failure

Several device failures were experienced after they went through the board assembly process. The failure caused severe transmit pulse attenuation from circuit block called AUI (Attachment Unit Interface). The AUI serves as a medium independent communication port in Local Area Networks. After careful observation and a series of Failure Analysis processes, the malfunction, which caused severe transmit pulse attenuation was attributed to a defective metal 1 to metal 2 via. The via in question is a tie between a pair of cascoded PMOS transistors in the analog section of the chip. These transistors serve as the main biasing leg for the AUI current sink. Since the via in question was bake recoverable at temperatures as low as 175°C for 20 minutes but would show the same failure signature when operated under temperature, the exact failure location was difficult to pinpoint. After a lengthy analysis procedure, the malfunction was attributed to contamination due to Spin On Glass (SOG) outgassing.