ЦЕЛЕСООБРАЗНОСТЬ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ МИКРОБИОЦЕНОЗА КИШЕЧНИКА ЦЫПЛЯТ ПРИ ИНВАЗИВНО-БАКТЕРИАЛЬНОМ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИИ

Бовкун Г.Ф., Овсеенко Ю.В., Рабченко Д.А. КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА: ЦЫПЛЯТА-БРОЙЛЕРЫ, МИКРОБИОЦЕНОЗ КИШЕЧНИКА, КОЛИБАКТЕРИОЗ, ЭЙМЕРИОЗ, ДИНАМИКА ЛЕЧЕНИЯ, МИКРОБИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ АННОТАЦИЯ: Патогенные эшерихии и эймерии оказывали септико-токсическое действие на организм цыплят при постоянстве обитания и колонизации кишечника эшерихиями сероварианта О2 с последующим их проникновением и циркулированием в крови. Соответствующие патологоанатомические изменения у больных цыплят были подтверждены результатами бактериологического исследования крови, содержимого слепых кишок, соскобов слизистой толстого кишечника. Положительную динамику лечения обеспечили кокцидиостатик и антибактериальный препарат, к которому был чувствителен идентифицированный возбудитель колибактериоза: суточная смертность в зараженном стаде снизилась с 12,0% (1-й день лечения) до 1,09% (6-й день). THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE SCREENING OF INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA FOR DIAGNOSTICS AND TREATMENT OF AN ASSOCIATED INVASIVE AND BACTERIAL DISEASE IN BROILERS BOVKUN G.F.1, OVSEENKO Y.V.1, RABCHENKO D.A.1 1 Bryansk State Agrarian University A disease circulating in a broiler farm was found to be a result of the combined septic and toxic effects of pathogenic Escherichia and Eimeria strains. Escherichia (serovar O2) appeared a constant habitant of the intestines and inhibitor of beneficial indigenous species (Lactobacilli, Bifidobacteria); subsequently it entered the bloodstream with resulting hemotoxic effects. The pathological changes in broilers revealed by the post mortem examination and biochemical blood analysis were in accordance with the results of microbiological studies of blood, cecal chymus, and scrapes of the mucosa of the large intestine. The treatment with a coccidiostatic (against Eimeria identified as E. tenella) and antibiotic (experimentally found effective against the pathogenic Escherichia) provided positive dynamics in the infected flock: daily mortality rate in broilers decreased from 12.0% (day 1 of the treatment) to 1.09% (day 6). Keywords: BROILER CHICKS, INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA, COLIBACTERIOSIS, EIMERIOSIS, DYNAMICS OF TREATMENT, MICROBIOLOGICAL STUDIES

POSSIBILITIES OF REGULATING STRESS-PROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF FOOD PRODUCTS TO IMPROVE IMMUNITY UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Aim. The paper aims to develop food products that contribute to the resistance of active people to stress factors, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods. The cohort study was conducted in three parallel groups of volunteers aged from 20 to 40 years (n = 45) who were consistently involved in sports (low-intensity training at least 3 times a week). As food products with stress-protective activity, freeze-dried taxifolin nanoemulsion and whole-wheat flour from wheatgrass were used. As mental and informational stress, media coverage of global and Russian COVID-2019 dynamics was used. To assess the impact of the developed products on stress resistance, a study of health and psychoemotional status (the SF-36 questionnaire) and biochemical blood analysis (leukocyte formula and cortisol) were carried out. Results. The results demonstrated the possibility of using stress-protective food products such as freeze-dried taxifolin nanoemulsion and whole-wheat flour from wheatgrass for improving immunity. The assessment of the psychoemotional status revealed an equally positive effect from the inclusion of taxifolin nanoemulsion and whole-wheat flour from wheatgrass in the composition of food products. Biochemical blood analysis and leukocyte indices revealed a greater positive effect of taxifolin nanoemulsion on the human body, while regular consumption of whole-wheat flour-based products from wheatgrass reduces blood cortisol and increases the body's resistance to stress factors. Conclusion. People involved in low-intensity sports are recommended to consume foods enriched with taxifolin nanoemulsion and whole-wheat flour from wheatgrass to improve their psychoemotional status and resistance to stress factors such as the COVID-19 pandemic.

Establishing the safeness of gluten-free nourishment for laboratory animals

The experiment was carried out on lab rats which had been given the gluten free nutriment in the conditions of the veterinary clinic of «Saratov State Vavilov Agrarian University». During the research, the morphological and biochemical blood analysis’ results were studied. Laboratory rats’ condition was under daily clinical monitoring as well as their weight. According to the data collected, no external signs of intoxication and death of the rats had been found during the experiment. All rats were active. The concentration of hemoglobin in the experimental group has increased by 14.33g per liter compared to the control group. Therefore, the use of gluten-free nourishment for animals does not have a negative effect on the homeostasis of the organism, which implies the safeness of a gluten-free diet.

Experimental Study on Biochemical Markers of Mandibular Bone Tissue Metabolism in Rats following the Implantation of PAW-1 and Geistlich Bio-OSS Collagen

The study is based on the analysis of experimental results and determination of the bone metabolism markers by histochemical and biochemical methods performed on animals. The animals were implanted biovitroceramics PAW-1 in the mandible in the form of spongy matrix composed of fluorhydroxyapatite and microcrystallized wollastonite in a glass matrix, elaborated by the company PONETI (Romania) and Geistlich Bio-Oss-Collagen in the form of block (a mixture of granules, 0.25-1mm in size) and 10% fibers of porcine collagen. Geistlich Bio-Oss Collagen is a natural mineral bone of bovine origin, comparable both chemically and structurally to the mineralized human bone. It has a spongy consistency that allows simple modeling, and collagen facilitates the adaptation of the material on the defect site.The biochemical blood analysis showed an increased activity of bone thermolabile alkaline phosphatase over 30 days, the maximum being reached over 60 days + 20% (p[0.05) from the beginning of the experiment. The activity of tartrate-resistant bone acid phosphatase, on the contrary, decreased veridically by 22% over 60 days after implantation. Over 30 days after the beginning of the experiment under the action of the implanted material, the level of average molecules (AM) increased by 35% (p [0.05), while nucleotide substances (NS) increased by 51% (p [0.05). Within 60 days after implantation, the values of these indices showed a decreasing tendency. The fact mentioned above denotes that their osteoregenerative action increases under the influence of implanted materials.

An Experimental Model of Liver Cirrhosis in Laboratory Animals

Objective: to develop and justify the application of a new experimental method of the simulation of liver cirrhosis in laboratory animals. Material and methods. The simulation of liver cirrhosis was performed on 11 eugamic white Wistar male rats with the body weight of 203.5 ± 22.2 g (experimental group). The control group consisted of 12 healthy laboratory animals. Acute toxic liver injury resulting in cirrhosis was caused by means of the intraperitoneal administration of 50 % solution of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in olive oil on the first day of the experiment at a dosage of 0.1 ml of CCl4 + 0.4 ml of olive oil per 100 g of the body weight of the animals, on the second day of the experiment - 0.3 ml of CCl4 + 0.2 ml of olive oil per 100 g of the body weight of the animals. For synergism and potentiation of the hepatotoxic effect of CCl4, the animals daily had free access to 10% ethanol solution. The duration of the experiment was 65 days. The clinical and laboratory parameters were evaluated, the histological assessment of the preparations was carried out. The obtained data were compared with the same parameters of the control group of the animals. Results. The reproducibility of the model was 81.8% (9 animals). The values of the biochemical blood analysis indicated statistically significant increases in the levels of total bilirubin, serum transaminases (AST, ALT), creatinine, a decrease in the glucose level in the animals of the experimental group. The complex morphological confirmation of liver cirrhosis in progress was obtained. Conclusion. The proposed method of the liver cirrhosis modeling correlate with the values of the biochemical blood analysis, pathological changes in the tissue of the liver and internal organs of liver cirrhosis in humans. With the help of the original model, it is possible to investigate the pathogenesis and effects of various groups of pharmacological drugs on liver cirrhosis and its complications (acute blood loss associated with the syndrome of portal hypertension).

Pinnal squamous cell carcinoma in cats and the effectiveness of treatment with radical pinnectomy

  The aim of this study was to observe the effectiveness of treatment with radical pinnectomy and investigate postoperative relapse cases in pinnal squamous cell carcinoma in cats. Twelve cats which were brought to surgery clinic of Istanbul University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine were used. Biopsies were taken from the cases in which squamous cell carcinoma was suspected following anamnesis and the clinical examination of patients that were brought to our clinic. The patients were diagnosed on the basis of histopathological analysis of biopsy samples. Haemogram and biochemical blood analysis were performed and thoracic radiographs were taken as routine in cases that a decision was made to operate. After the area was prepared for operation radical pinnectomy or total external acoustic canal ablation along with radical pinnectomy were performed in the patients that were eligible for operation. Relapses seen in the postoperative period were re-operated with the techniques selected according to invasion status. Periodic controls of the patients were made after the operations and the cats were examined for relapse. In seven out of 12 cases, only squamous cell carcinoma; in three cases, actinic dermatitis actinic dermatitis in addition to squamous cell carcinoma, and in two cases, only actinic dermatitis lesions were detected. In the postoperative period, relapse was observed in the cases in which the squamous cell carcinoma lesion reached the lower half of the pinna or the external acoustic canal while relapse was not observed in cases with actinic dermatitis lesions or when the squamous cell carcinoma lesion was on the top part of the pinna. Relapse cases were re-operated using different operative techniques. It is concluded that performing radical pinnectomy on actinic dermatitis lesions detected on the pinna before development into squamous cell carcinoma, and removing the tumour according to its localization with radical pinnectomy or total external acoustic canal ablation alongside radical pinnectomy is the most reliable treatment option in terms of relapse in cases of pinnal squamous cell carcinoma.