Mitigating Harmful Effects of Climate Warming on Ceiling Paintings by Ceiling Insulation: An Evaluation Using Timed IR Imaging and Numeric Modelling

Due to climate change, ceiling paintings in many historic buildings are subjected to increasingly high short-term temperature change, resulting in high thermal tension caused by the construction assembly. This article focuses on the combined use of timed IR imaging and numeric modelling to evaluate insulation measures on the upper side of a ceiling to reduce thermal tensions in the painting layers, overheating in summer as well as cooling down in winter. As a model room, the southern splendour stair hall in the Burgtheater Vienna was chosen. Famous ceiling paintings created from 1886 to 1888 by Gustav Klimt and his brother Ernst Klimt can be found on this ceiling. The results show that timed IR imaging is an adequate tool to study the transient thermal behaviour of ceiling paintings which are not accessible to standard sensor measurements. Moreover, it could be shown that the presented measurement technique is well suited to validate a numeric model. The latter was applied to evaluate the potential insulation on the top of the ceiling. It was shown that cooling loads and energy loss in the room underneath can be reduced and most importantly the thermal stress in painting layers is reduced. The findings are relevant as, due to global warming, the current situation in many buildings is worsening. Considering the great intangible cultural value of many ceiling paintings, the application of the presented evaluation strategy for building physical boundaries on a ceiling with paintings seems to be appropriate.

Gambaran kinerja kepala ruangan dan ketua tim di Ruang Model Praktik Keperawatan Profesional (MPKP) Rumah Sakit Jiwa Daerah Provinsi Jambi

ABSTRACT: DESCRIPTION OF THE PERFORMANCE OF THE HEAD OF THE ROOM AND TEAM HEAD IN THE MODEL ROOM OF PROFESSIONAL NURSING PRACTICE (MPKP) A REGIONAL MENTAL HOSPITAL OF JAMBI PROVINCE Background The Model of Professional Nursing Practice (MPKP) has been implemented in several countries, including in various Indonesian asylums. Jambi Provincial Mental Hospital has implemented a Model of Professional Nursing Practice (MPKP), but its implementation has not been implemented in its entirety. The role and function of the head of the room and the head of the team is critical to the development of the performance of the implementing nurses in the space that has implemented the MPKP. This research aims to find out the picture of the performance of the head of the room and the team leader in the Model Room of Professional Nursing Practice (MPKP) of Jambi Provincial Psychiatric Hospital year 2020.Method This research is quantitative research. This research was conducted in the MPKP room of Jambi Provincial Psychiatric Hospital conducted on March 26 – April 6, 2020. The population in this study was the entire head of the room as many as 10 people and the team leader as many as 20 people in the MPKP room at Jambi provincial asylum in March-April 2020. The sample in this study was as many as 30 people with total sampling techniques. Data collection is done by interviewing and filling out questionnaires. Data analyzed univariately.Result: The results of this study showed that the head of the room had a good performance and was less good each as much as 5 (50%) Respondents. The team leader had a good performance and was underperforming by 10 (50%) of each respondent.Conclusion The results of this study show that both the head of the room and the team leader has not been optimal performance. It is recommended that the hospital conduct training and training in the form of workshops and seminars to increase the knowledge of the head of the room and the head of the team to implement 4 pillars of MPKP. Keywords: Performance, Katim, Karu, MPKP INTISARI : GAMBARAN KINERJA KEPALA RUANGAN DAN KETUA TIM DI RUANG MODEL PRAKTIK KEPERAWATAN PROFESIONAL (MPKP) RUMAH SAKIT JIWA DAERAH PROVINSI JAMBI Latar Belakang Model Praktek Keperawatan Profesional (MPKP) telah dilaksanakan dibeberapa negara, termasuk di berbagai rumah sakit jiwa Indonesia. Rumah Sakit Jiwa Daerah Provinsi Jambi telah menerapkan Model Praktek Keperawatan Profesional (MPKP), namun pelaksanaannya belum secara keseluruhan. Peran dan fungsi kepala ruangan dan ketua tim sangat penting untuk perkembangan kinerja perawat pelaksana pada ruang yang telah menerapkan MPKP. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kinerja kepala ruangan dan ketua tim di Ruang Model Praktik Keperawatan Profesional (MPKP) Rumah Sakit Jiwa Daerah Provinsi Jambi Tahun 2020.Metode Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan di ruang MPKP Rumah Sakit Jiwa Daerah Provinsi Jambi yang dilakukan pada tanggal 26 Maret – 6 April 2020. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh kepala ruangan sebanyak 10 orang dan dan ketua tim sebanyak 20 orang di ruang MPKP di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Daerah Provinsi Jambi pada bulan Maret-April 2020. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 30 orang dengan teknik total sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan pengisian kuesioner. Data dianalisis secara univariat.Hasil Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kepala ruangan memiliki kinerja yang baik dan kurang baik masing-masing sebanyak 5 (50%) responden.Ketua tim memiliki kinerja yang baik dan kurang baik masing-masing sebanyak 10 (50%) responden.Kesimpulan Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa baik kepala ruangan dan ketua tim memiliki kinerja yang belum optimal. Sebaiknya rumah sakit mengadakan pelatihan dan diklat dalam bentuk workshop dan seminar agar menambah pengetahuan kepala ruangan dan ketua tim untuk menerapkan 4 pilar MPKP. Kata Kunci: Kinerja, Katim, Karu, MPKP

On the thermal performance of naturally ventilated room with straw insulation retrofitted envelope for different climatic zones of India

The heat insulating potential of straw, an agricultural residue, used as part of the envelope of unconditioned buildings is the focus of the current work. Using a CFD software with experimentally validated boundary conditions, transient thermal analysis is performed on a 3-D model room of dimensions 3 m × 3 m × 2.5 m with vents and heat source representing a naturally ventilated indoor space. The thermal performances of a reference uninsulated concrete envelope and a straw insulation-based envelope are compared in terms of quantitative parameters such as indoor air temperature, decrement factor, and time lag as well as a qualitative discussion on the need for occupant adaptation, namely closing or opening of inlet vent and requirement of additional heating. The assessment and subsequent recommendation of straw insulation utilization is done for representative summer and winter days of the five different climatic zones of India. A maximum reduction of up to 3.5 deg C in the peak indoor air temperature is achievable with inlet temporarily closed when straw insulation is included in the envelope in summer conditions. In winter conditions of cold climatic zone, with inlet always closed, use of straw insulation leads to the lessening of additional active heat source requirement by as much as 600 W for the considered model room. Further, the effects of increased straw insulation thickness, removal of heat source, varying inlet air velocity, and changing the position of the straw insulation to the outside are also analysed for the extreme warm and cold conditions.

Simulation of indoor radon and ventilation systems in a scale model room to assess the contribution of high activity building materials to indoor radon.

<p>Indoor radon accumulation is considered the main source of human exposition to ionizing radiation. The main sources of indoor radon are soil gas, the building materials and tap water, especially when they are enriched in <sup>226</sup>Ra and <sup>232</sup>Th, which are the precursors of main radon isotopes: <sup>222</sup>Rn and <sup>220</sup>Rn, respectively.</p><p>In the frame of RESPIRE (Radon rEal time monitoring System and Proactive Indoor Remediation), a LIFE project funded by European Commission, a scale model-room of 62 cm x 50 cm x 35 cm (inner length x width x height) was manufactured with a very porous and highly radioactive lithoid ignimbrite to evaluate the contribution of building materials to indoor radon accumulation, simulating the effect of a ventilation system to reduce indoor radon levels.</p><p>A series of experiments was designed where either outdoor air was introduced in the model room or indoor air was extracted from the room, at different flow rates (from 0.15 to 0.82 liters per minute) to evaluate how air exchange and mixing affect indoor radon level. In the first group of tests, the introduction of outdoor air strongly reduced indoor radon concentration, with radon relative decrease directly proportional to the air flow. In the second set of experiments, the extraction of indoor air very moderately lowered radon levels. Finally, a modified version of Fick’s second law was used to model experimental data, describing how radon diffused through the very porous room walls under different experimental conditions.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p> </p><p> </p>

Using a scale model room to assess the contribution of building material of volcanic origin to indoor radon

In the frame of Radon rEal time monitoring System and Proactive Indoor Remediation (RESPIRE), a LIFE 2016 project funded by the European Commission, the contribution of building materials of volcanic origin to indoor radon concentration was investigated. First, total gamma radiation and related outdoor dose rates of geological materials in the Caprarola area (Central Italy) were measured to define main sources of radiation. Second, 222Rn and 220Rn exhalation rates of these rocks used as building materials were measured using an accumulation chamber connected in a closed loop with a RAD7 radon monitor. Among others, the very porous “Tufo di Gallese” ignimbrite provided the highest values. This material was then used to construct a scale model room of 62 cm × 50 cm × 35 cm (inner length × width × height, respectively) to assess experimental radon and thoron activity concentration at equilibrium and study the effects of climatic conditions and different coatings on radon levels. A first test was carried out at ambient temperature to determine experimental 222Rn and 220Rn equilibrium activities in the model room, not covered with plaster or other coating materials. Experimental 222Rn equilibrium was recorded in just two days demonstrating that the room “breaths”, exchanging air with the outdoor environment. This determines a dilution of indoor radon concentration. Other experiments showed that inner covers (such as plasterboard and different kinds of paints) partially influence 222Rn but entirely cut the short-lived 220Rn. Finally, decreases in ambient temperature reduce radon exhalation from building material and, in turn, indoor activity concentration.

Identification of common city characteristics influencing room occupancy

Purpose National tourism offices worldwide implement marketing strategies to influence tourists’ choices. However, there is more than meets the eye when it comes to choosing a city as a tourism destination. The purpose of this paper is to answer which are the characteristics that play a key role in room occupancy. Design/methodology/approach Diverse characteristics such as the city offer, demographics, natural amenities (e.g. number of beaches) and also politics (e.g. type of government) are combined into a decision tree model to unveil the relevance of each in determining room occupancy. The empirical experiments used data known in 2015 from 43 cities from Europe and the rest of the World to model room occupancy rate in 2016. Findings While the seasonality effect plays the most significant role, other less studied features such as the type of political party prior to current government were found to have an impact in room occupancy. Originality/value This study unveiled that center–right and right governments are generally more sensitive to promote its city as a tourism destination.

Forgetting and Symbolic Insight: Delay Improves Children’s Use of a Novel Symbol

To use a symbol, children must understand that the symbol stands for something in the world. This development has often been investigated in the model-room task (DeLoache, 1987, 2000) in which children use a scale model to try to find a toy that is hidden in the room that the model represents. To succeed, children must acquire dual representation: they must put aside their understanding of the model as an object and focus more on what the model represents (Hartstein & Berthier, 2017). Here we suggest that forgetting irrelevant details or misleading information may be an important part of acquiring and maintaining dual representation. Based on prior research showing that forgetting can promote insight in children and adults (e.g., Sio & Ormerod, 2009; Vlach et al., 2014) and that a small sample of 3-year-olds could improve on the model-room task with a delay (Marzolf & DeLoache, 1994), we hypothesized that taking a break during the model-room task would facilitate forgetting and hence symbolic insight. Eighty-eight 3-year-olds performed 8 trials of the model-room task. Half of the children received a 24-hour delay after trial 4 and half performed the 8 trials consecutively. Children who received a 24-hour delay had better symbolic performance on the last 4 trials compared to children whose testing sessions occurred consecutively on one day, even when statistically controlling for the effects of learning over trials and memory on children’s performance. This study provides strong initial evidence that a delay can promote symbolic insight in 3-year-old children.

Distribution of five SVOCs in a model room: effect of vacuuming and air cleaning measures

We monitored the distribution of SVOCs in model rooms in dependence of temperature and cleaning measures over a period of six months.