Spatial autocorrelation analysis of Covid-19 cases in South Kalimantan, Indonesia

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new coronavirus that was discovered in Wuhan, China, at the end of 2019. In March 2020, the outbreak extended throughout the world, including Indonesia and one of its provinces, South Kalimantan. This rapid expansion should belinked to people’s mobility between regions, hence the linkage across regions must be examined. In South Kalimantan Province, the purpose of this research is to evaluate the distribution and relationship across regions in terms of the number of positive COVID-19 cases, the number of additional positive COVID-19 cases, and the number of COVID-19 patients under treatment. The spatial autocorrelation analysis with the Moran Index and Local Indicator of Spatial Autocorrelation (LISA) tests were used to determine the spatial autocorrelation between what and what using what data/where the data obtained? from March 22 to September 30, 2020. Based on the results of the Moran Index test, it is known that there is a spatial autocorrelation in the number of cases, the number of additional cases and the number of positive confirmed COVID-19 patients in treatment between one region and another neighboring area. While the results of the LISA Index test show that Balangan Regency, Hulu Sungai Tengah Regency, Hulu Sungai Utara Regency, Banjarmasin City, Tabalong Regency and Banjar Regency affect the level of COVID-19 cases in their respective neighboring areas. Therefore, there is a need for policies to control community mobility in those spatially correlated areas and increase testing and tracing to control the spread of COVID-19 cases in South Kalimantan Province.

Identification of HSP47 Binding Site on Native Collagen and Its Implications for the Development of HSP47 Inhibitors

HSP47 (heat shock protein 47) is a collagen-specific molecular chaperone that is essential for procollagen folding and function. Previous studies have shown that HSP47 binding requires a critical Arg residue at the Y position of the (Gly-Xaa-Yaa) repeats of collagen; however, the exact binding sites of HSP47 on native collagens are not fully defined. To address this, we mapped the HSP47 binding sites on collagens through an ELISA binding assay using collagen toolkits, synthetic collagen peptides covering the entire amino acid sequences of collagen types II and III assembled in triple-helical conformation. Our results showed that HSP47 binds to only a few of the GXR motifs in collagen, with most of the HSP47 binding sites identified located near the N-terminal part of the triple-helical region. Molecular modelling and binding energy calculation indicated that residues flanking the key Arg in the collagen sequence also play an important role in defining the high-affinity HSP47 binding site of collagen. Based on this binding mode of HSP47 to collagen, virtual screening targeting both the Arg binding site and its neighboring area on the HSP47 surface, and a subsequent bioassay, we identified two novel compounds with blocking activity towards HSP47 binding of collagen. Overall, our study revealed the native HSP47 binding sites on collagen and provided novel information for the design of small-molecule inhibitors of HSP47.

The Impact of the Application of Large-Scale Social Restrictions on Land Transportation in Jakarta

As a metropolitan city, Jakarta has many offices as a business center and central government activities. The existence of these offices requires a mobilization for employees who are generally in the neighboring area of Jakarta. Land transportation is an option that is widely used as a means of mobilization. This paper will present the results of a study on the effects of implementing Large-Scale Social Restrictions starting in April 2020 to prevent the spread of the Covid-19 disease. Through a questionnaire distributed to pickup drivers, employees of the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries in Ancol, North Jakarta. The result is that PSBB has brought positive and negative impacts on land transportation travel.

The vegetation of a relict salt marsh area in the Pisan coast in the context of brackish wetlands of Tuscany

The paper presents the results of phytosociological surveys carried out in Galanchio-Cornacchiaia, a salt marsh area on the Pisan coast (northern Tuscany), which survived the agricultural reclamation. The vegetation surveys confirm the brackish features of the site, while highlighting three substantially different subareas in terms of prevailing vegetation. The phytosociological study allowed the identification of 11 marsh phytocoenoses attributable to 12 associations (Crypsidetum aculeatae; Parapholidetum filiformis; Suaedo maritimae-Salicornietum patulae; Suaedetum maritimae; Puccinellio festuciformis-Halimionetum portulacoidis; Puccinellio festuciformis-Sarcocornietum perennis; Elytrigio elongatae-Inuletum crithmoidis; Limonio narbonensis-Juncetum gerardi; Puccinellio festuciformis-Aeluropetum litoralis, Junco maritimi-Spartinetum junceae; Juncetum maritimi-acuti; Phragmitetum australis). These plant communities are referable to 3 brackish habitats and related subtypes, reported in 92/43 ECC Directive habitats. This biotope, although part of the neighboring area of the Regional Park of Migliarino San Rossore Massaciuccoli, is currently in an extremely precarious balance and threatened by the surrounding agricultural activities. The knowledge of its naturalistic peculiarities and remarkable biodiversity, can contribute to its increased protection and conservation. This study add new data to the knowledge of the brackish vegetation of Tuscany.

Indian Stance on the Territorial Dispute over Sir Creek in the Context of India-Pakistan Relations

The author analyses in depth the long-lasting territorial dispute between India and Pakistan over Sir Creek situated in the Indus Delta and the neighboring area. This area is of great importance for the economy and security of the two nations. The article encompasses an overview of the historic background of the dispute and highlights both Indian and Pakistani positions during the negotiation process. The author looks at the legal aspects of the territorial dispute, including an overview of international rules relevant to regulating the dispute. The paper highlights the economic significance of the area from different perspectives including the importance of fishing for local populations as well as energy security, crucial for such emerging economies as India and Pakistan. The significance of the area in terms of defense and security, especially in the context of combating terrorism is also considered. The author argues that the territorial dispute is not likely to be resolved in the short or medium term. Both India and Pakistan will continue to refer to the international rules that are consistent with their stances in the dispute, and the situation in the region is likely to become more and more explosive. The author uses historical methods to compare the positions of India and Pakistan over time and to scrutinize the role of the territorial dispute in the Indo-Pakistani relation, analyses and interprets official statements concerning the territorial dispute and applies statistical methods to assess the economic potential of the disputed area.

Theoretical and experimental studies on the cut zone generated by AWJ process

The aim of this paper is to make a theoretical and experimental study to evaluate the water jet influence on a metallic material used in oilfield manufacturing, using AWJ process. It was investigated how the scattering of the jet has influenced the width of the kerf and neighboring area. The metallic material is P275NL2 which is a low temperature quality steel alloy specially used in petrochemical industry. The experimental tests were made on the waterjet cutting machine model YCWJ-380-1520 using preestablish working conditions. Theoretical investigations were performed using CFD simulation with planar 2D fluid flow on the geometrical model. Graphical correlation was performed between theoretical outcomes given by CFD simulation and experimental results on the regarded material, overlapping on the theoretical searching for the cutting velocity and the hardening velocity limits nearby the kerf.

Noise in bars: analysis of an environmental problem in the city

The problem of noise in bars is critical and it has increased in residential areas where urban development plans often do not consider this kind of pollutant when granting the municipal license for these entertainment venues. Part of the problem is failure in applying specific land management policies to enable peaceful coexistence between entertainment premises and neighbors. This paper presents the results of a noise study in a bar and the neighboring area where dwellers complain about elevated noise that restrain their rest. Within premises equivalent continuous sound level (LAtt) ranged from 77.4-82.9 dB A in at least 50% of measuring time. Concerning the residential area, LAtt ranged from 52.0 -58.0 dB A and occasionally reached maximum levels of 68 -73 dB A. Recorded levels in the residential area do not comply with Mexican law of 50 dB A to guarantee a peaceful atmosphere for residents to rest and enjoy their homes.

THE LINGUISTIC CHOICE BY INDONESIAN-SPEAKING ADOLESCENTS: A CASE STUDY IN TANGERANG

This study presents a result of a survey on linguistic choice by adolescents who live in Tangerang, a neighboring area of Jakarta. In this study, we observed their use of Bahasa Indonesia (BI), Colloquial Jakarta Indonesian (CJI), foreign language (FL), regional language (RL), and mixed language (ML) in interactions with different addresees in daily activities: parents, teachers, friends, siblings, grandparents, uncles/aunts, and new acquaintances. Data in this study were collected from questionnaires, distributed at two secondary schools (SMP) and two senior high schools—a sekolah menengah umum ‘general senior high school’(SMU) and a sekolah menengah kejuruan (SMK) ‘vocational senior high school’ (SMK) which are located in Tangerang. The participants in this study are the students, aged 13 to 19 years old (N=748). It is found that BI and CJI were frequently used by these teenagers. They tended to use BI in interactions—spoken and written—with the older and respected people (teachers, parents, and grandparents) or those who are not familiar with them. CJI is used to those who are socially equal to them. Some of them used ML. Only a few of these participants use RL, and very few use FL. This study also finds that there are differences on the pattern between the use of BI and CJI in spoken and written interactions. Another factor that makes the difference between these varieties is the educational level. Findings in this study indicates that these languages—especially BI and CJI—have functions respectively, and the respondents’s choice is strongly influenced by the status of the participants and social contexts.

Charting of emotions of the senior population of a small rural locality in the Euro-Arctic Zone of Russia

  Recent urban studies give particular attention to the concept of place attachment. A modern settlement, first and foremost, represents a space that is emotionally comfortable for the local residents. The goal of this research consists in the analysis of emotional attachment and/or rejection to specific places in a small rural locality of Komsomolsky of Velsky District of the Arkhangelsk Region, situated in the Euro-Arctic Zone of Russia, and formed in the middle of the XX century as a place deprived of a long and rich history and traditions. The research results are based on the survey conducted among 40 residents of the locality aged 50 years and older. It demonstrated that the residents experienced various emotions of joy, interest, comfort, sorrow, pride, anxiety, shame, and disgust towards public places in the locality. At the same time, a single place (for example, a hospital, an abandoned school, gym, etc.) may incorporate both positive and negative emotions. The detected emotions were placed on a physical map and revealed the diversity of emotional perceptions of residents, with concentration of emotions in the center and suburbs of the locality. The interactive map is presented on the Internet resource http://emogeography.com/emotional-maps.html. The map exceeded the geographical boundaries of the locality and included several kilometers of the neighboring area. The research has vast implications for the improvement of emotional well-being of the residents of small rural settlements. Some recommendations on the reconstruction of center of the locality and engagement of population into social and cultural events are given.