Application of Lee Model Curve on Fitting of Discharge Current Curve of Plasma Focus Device

A dense plasma focus is a table top machine producing a short-lived extremely popular plasma and cause fusion. Lee Model Code is a computer-based visual basic simulation package, which was successfully utilized in the plasma focus devices. The dynamics of plasma focus discharge is quite complicated, so to review and simplify the complication Lee Model couples electrical circuit with the plasma focus dynamics, radiation and therefore the thermodynamics. This enables us to simulate all of the gross focus properties. In this paper the numerical experiments are carried out to compute the current trace as a function of time for plasma focus (PF) device NX2. Results obtained by the numerical experiments are compared with the published laboratory measured data. This current fitting is completed to get the model parameters.

Synthesis of modified nucleotide polymers by the poly(U) polymerase Cid1: Application to direct RNA sequencing on nanopores.

Understanding transcriptomes requires documenting the structures, modifications, and abundances of RNAs as well as their proximity to other molecules. The methods that make this possible depend critically on enzymes (including mutant derivatives) that act on nucleic acids for capturing and sequencing RNA. We tested two 3′ nucleotidyl transferases, Saccharomyces cerevisiae poly(A) polymerase and Schizosaccharomyces pombe Cid1, for the ability to add base and sugar modified rNTPs to free RNA 3′ ends, eventually focusing on Cid1. Although unable to polymerize ΨTP or 1meΨTP, Cid1 can use 5meUTP and 4thioUTP. Surprisingly, Cid1 can use inosine triphosphate to add poly(I) to the 3′ ends of a wide variety of RNA molecules. Most poly(A) mRNAs efficiently acquire a uniform tract of about 50 inosine residues from Cid1, whereas non-poly(A) RNAs acquire longer, more heterogeneous tails. Here we test these activities for use in direct RNA sequencing on nanopores, and find that Cid1-mediated poly(I)-tailing permits detection and quantification of both mRNAs and non-poly(A) RNAs simultaneously, as well as enabling the analysis of nascent RNAs associated with RNA polymerase II. Poly(I) produces a different current trace than poly(A), enabling recognition of native RNA 3′ end sequence lost by in vitro poly(A) addition. Addition of poly(I) by Cid1 offers a broadly useful alternative to poly(A) capture for direct RNA sequencing on nanopores.

Synthesis of modified nucleotide polymers by the poly(U) polymerase Cid1: Application to direct RNA sequencing on nanopores.

Understanding transcriptomes requires documenting the structures, modifications, and abundances of RNAs as well as their proximity to other molecules. The methods that make this possible depend critically on enzymes (including mutant derivatives) that act on nucleic acids for capturing and sequencing RNA. We tested two 3′ nucleotidyl transferases, S. cerevisiae poly(A) polymerase and C. elegans Cid1, for the ability to add base and sugar modified rNTPs to free RNA 3′ ends, eventually focusing on Cid1. Although unable to polymerize ΨTP or 1meΨTP, Cid1 can use 5meUTP and 4thioUTP. Surprisingly, Cid1 can use inosine triphosphate to add poly(I) to the 3′ ends of a wide variety of RNA molecules. Most poly(A) mRNAs efficiently acquire a uniform tract of about 50 inosine residues from Cid1, whereas non-poly(A) RNAs acquire longer, more heterogeneous tails. Here we test these activities for use in direct RNA sequencing on nanopores, and find that Cid1-mediated poly(I)-tailing permits detection and quantification of both mRNAs and non-poly(A) RNAs simultaneously, as well as enabling the analysis of nascent RNAs associated with RNA polymerase II. Poly(I) produces a different current trace than poly(A), enabling recognition of native RNA 3′ end sequence lost by in vitro poly(A) addition. Addition of poly(I) by Cid1 offers a broadly useful alternative to poly(A) capture for direct RNA sequencing on nanopores.

Realignment of ASME Operations Maintenance Committee: Improving Responsiveness and Efficiency

The O&M Code was developed when it was decided to move Pump and Valve Inservice Testing (IST) Requirements from the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Boiler and Pressure Vessel (B&PV) Code, Section XI to a standalone Code. The Code review process structure at the time was quite small and generally consisted of changing Section XI Subsections IWP and IWV into OM language. At the same time, new testing techniques were being developed that included check valve condition monitoring and current trace testing of motor actuated valves. This necessitated adding groups that were specific to these new initiatives. Although that was several decades ago, these groups remained and, over the years, it was identified that actions, such as Inquiries, were taking much too long to process. This became abundantly clear with the development of the newly published Mandatory Appendix IV for Air Operated Valve Testing. This paper discusses how the Code Committee became the organization that it is and how a new realignment will streamline the Code process and make it more efficient and responsive to the industry/regulatory needs. Paper published with permission.

Numerical experimentation on focusing time and neutron yield in GN1 plasma focus machine

In this paper, we have shown how we have fitted Lee's six phase model code to analyze the current waveform of the GN1 plasma focus machine working in deuterium gas. The Lee's 6-phase model codes was later configured to work between 0.5 to 6 Torr and the results of both focusing time and neutron yield was than compared with the published experimental results. The final results indicate that Lee's code, gives realistic plasma dynamics and focus properties together with a realistic neutron yield for GN1 plasma focus, without the need of any adjustable parameters, needing only to fit the computed current trace to a measured current trace.

Control Strategy of Wind Power Converter under Unbalanced Grid Voltage Condition

Traditional control strategy for wind power converter is dual closed-loop under balanced voltages.With the development of the control theory. The problems of the wind power converter under unbalanced voltages have been considered. This paper analyzes the impact of wind power converter under unbalanced grid fault and propose a new control method.This improved method contains positive and negative sequence current trace under their own synchronous axis.The improved method has good performance under unbalanecd voltages.It shows regulation in DC voltage and sinusoidal in AC current.

Development of laser-plasma generator for injector of C4+ ions

The results of the development of the ITEP accelerator carbon ion injector based on a repetition-rate CO2 laser ion source are described. The improvement includes a modified pulsed HV-feeding generator for the discharge formation in the laser gas mixture. The advanced discharge module ensures essential increase of the laser active volume and specific electrical deposition energy. The comparative computer simulations of the discharge characteristics for the improved and the prototype lasers are applied. The design and the output spatial-temporal parameters of the free-running laser “Malish-M” are shown, so the significant increase of the laser power is reached. The spatial characteristics of the laser beam obtained with diffraction calculations are compared to measured radial distribution of the energy density. The target laser intensity and the different channels of the energy loss of the laser beam in the optical scheme are estimated. Finally, the output C4+ current trace of heavy ion injector as well as the injector scheme are shown.