ANISOTROPIC, SORPTION AND FILTERING PROPERTIES OF THIN-LAYER POLYMER MATERIALS

The paper presents the results of studies on the production of thin-layer nanofiber non-woven materials based on silk fibroin and acrylonitrile copolymer by the electrospinning method. The dependence of anisotropy characterizing the structural states of the obtained thin-layer polymeric materials on deformation effects, their sorption and filtration properties has been studied. The broad possibility of using nanofiber nonwoven materials as nanofilters and the efficiency of the filtration process of nonwoven materials with an increase in the size of their nanopores are shown.Keywords: Polymer, Silk Fibroin, Acrylonitrile Copolymer, Electrospinning, Isotropic, Anisotropic, Orientation, Nanofiber, Nanomaterial, Formation, Structure, Deformation, Nanofilter.

Wschodniosłowiańskie i polskie pieśni tradycyjne jako uniwersalny nośnik kultury

In the presented article, the author considers a rarely discussed subject of traditional song lyrics perceived as culture transmitters. Even though they are very universal and comprehensive sources in terms of cultural transmission, academics use them in scientific discourse incommensurately less frequently than other textual forms or art works from the epoch. The author analyzes traditional folk songs as texts which unfold before the reader. Their crucial value and broad possibility to understand different and interfusing realms of human activity associated with Polish and East Slavic culture are presented.

Some aspects of diary research methodology

В статье представлена попытка предложить методологическую базу для исследования дневников как эго-текстов на базе богословского образования. Автор показывает актуальность исследования дневникового жанра, объясняя её современными тенденциями отечественного литературоведения. Предлагаются элементы возможного плана для написания исследования текстов дневникового жанра. Обозначена связь элементов эго-текстов с личностью их авторов. Показана широкая возможность для дальнейшего изучения дневников в богословской школе. The article presents an attempt to propose a methodological basis for the study of diaries as ego-texts on the basis of theological education. The author shows the relevance of the study of the diary genre, explaining it by the current trends of domestic literary studies. Elements of a possible plan for The elements of a possible plan for writing a research of diary genre texts are proposed. The connection between the elements of ego-texts and the personality of their authors is outlined. A broad possibility for further study of diaries in theological schools is shown.

Artificial Neural Network in Fibres Length Prediction for High Precision Control of Cellulose Refining

Paper, a web of interconnected cellulose fibres, is widely used as a base substrate. It has been applied in several applications since it features interesting properties, such as renewability, biodegradability, recyclability, affordability and mechanical flexibility. Furthermore, it offers a broad possibility to modify its surface properties toward specifics additives. The fillers retention and the fibres bonding ability are heavily affected by the cellulose refining process that influences chemical and morphological features of the fibres. Several refining theories were developed in order to determine the best refining conditions. However, it is not trivial to control the cellulose refining as different phenomena occur simultaneously. Therefore, it is intuitively managed by experienced papermakers to improve paper structures and properties. An approach based on the machine learning aimed at estimating the effects of refining on the fibres morphology is proposed in this study. In particular, an artificial neural network (ANN) was implemented and trained with experimental data to predict the fibres length as a function of refining process variables. The prediction of this parameter is crucial to obtain a high-performance process in terms of effectiveness and the optimisation of the final product performance as a function of the process parameter. To achieve these results, data mining of the experimental patterns collected was exploited. It led to the achievement of excellent performance and high accuracy in fibres length prediction.

Hydrophilic Polysiloxane Microspheres and Ceramic SiOC Microspheres Derived from Them

In this overview article, the research on polysiloxane microspheres performed in the authors’ laboratory is briefly reviewed. These microspheres are prepared in water emulsion from polyhydromethylsiloxane (PHMS). This polymer is cross-linked in the emulsion process by hydrosilylation using various low molecular weight cross-linkers having at least two vinyl functions. The microspheres contain a large number of silanol groups which give them hydrophilicity and a broad possibility of functionalization by condensation with reactive silanes bearing a functional group in the organic radical. Further transformation of these functions leads to materials for practical use, such as catalysts and biocidal powders. The hydrophilic-hydrophobic properties of the microspheres may be fine-tuned by silylation or modification of the precursor PHMS polymer. Pristine microspheres are highly hydrophilic and well-dispersed in water. They do not adsorb proteins and hydrophobic organic substances. Macropores may be generated in these particles by a simple modification of the emulsion procedure. These microspheres are also very good precursors for ceramic silicon oxycarbide microsphers because they retain their shape in pyrolytic processes even at high temperatures; and they give a high yield of ceramic material. The polysiloxane microspheres heated at 600 °C give micro and mezo porous materials with specific surface above 500 m2/g. When pyrolysed at temperatures 1000–1400 °C, they form solid ceramic microspheres of high strength. They retain spherical shape at 1500 °C although cracks are formed at their surfaces. Etching them with HF(aq) solution gives porous microspheres with specific surface above 1000 m2/g that is almost devoid of SiO2.

A Brief Review of Nanocellulose Based Hybrid Membranes for CO2 Separation

Due to the high specific surface area, high mechanical strength and broad possibility of surface modification, nanocellulose has obtained much attention as a new class of bio-based nanomaterials with promising potential in a wide variety of applications. Recently, a considerable amount of research has been aimed to the fabrication of nanocellulose based hybrid membranes for water treatment. However, nanocellulose based hybrid gas separation membrane is still a new research area. Herein, we force on recent advancements in the fabrication methods and separation performances of nanocellulose-based hybrid membranes for CO2 separation, the transport mechanisms involved, along with the challenges in the utilization of nanocellulose in membranes. Finally, some perspectives on future R&D of nanocellulose-based membranes for CO2 separation are proposed.