Introduction to matrix population models

Matrix population models (MPMs) are currently used in a range of fields, from basic research in ecology and evolutionary biology, to applied questions in conservation biology, management, and epidemiology. In MPMs individuals are classified into discrete stages, and the model projects the population over discrete time-steps. A rich analytical theory is available for these models, for both the linear deterministic case and for more complex dynamics including stochasticity and density dependence. This chapter provides a non comprehensive introduction to MPMs and some basic results on asymptotic dynamics, life history parameters, and sensitivities and elasticities of the long-term growth rate to projection matrix elements and to underlying parameters. We assume that readers are familiar with basic matrix calculations. Using examples with different kinds of demographic structure, we demonstrate how the general stage-structured model can be applied to each case.

Demography of degenerative arthropathy and regenerative medicine in santiaguero sport

This research uses regenerative medicine in degenerative arthropathy for sport, intending to demographically evaluate this population, general variables, and individuals of interest were assessed. In the percentage statistical analysis for the interpretation of results was obtained from the general variables, the predominance for males in the group of former athletes in the age range of 41 to 50 years, grade II of knee ostearthrosis as the region of anatomical location, and the most affected degree, the time of manifestation of the disease the eldest of the year of evolution, the over-use as an incidence factor for the onset of injury in the group of most affected sports treated, and as a treatment of implanted regenerative medicine most employed platelet-rich plasma (PRP). In particular variables of interest, the predominance in training, and the training cycle for the occurrence of the injury, and the competitive stage for athletes, and the general stage for former athletes, was obtained from the location for the occurrence of the injury.

Organic inhibitors of steel corrosion (analytical review of publications)

Analysis of publications is presented on studies of organic steel corrosion inhibitors in environments with hydrogen sulfide with the participation of microorganisms. A relationship is identified between the structure of organic compounds and the composition of their molecules and their efficiency in inhibition of steel corrosion. The effect of organic compounds (phenols, ketones, and quinones) on the metal corrosion process is discussed. A decrease in the rate of cathodic or anodic processes is studied, as dependent on the structure of molecules of organic compounds and pH of the medium. The choice of inhibitors for suppression of corrosion with participation of microorganisms is considered with account for the specificity of their action on a given microorganism and duration of their inhibiting properties: they must not be activated by other substances in the medium, the microorganism must not develop resistance. The mechanism of action of the inhibitor depends on the composition of its molecules, the nature of the corrosive medium and metal. The general stage is the adsorption of its molecules on the metal, depending, in the first instance, on its electronic structure that determines the possibility of chemisorption on the metal surface, as well as on the charge of the metal surface and particles of organic compounds acting as corrosion inhibitors.

IMPLEMENTASI LESSON STUDY PADA MATA KULIAH ANALISIS REAL PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN MATEMATIKA

This research is a descriptive study that aims to learn about the activities and abilities of students in learning real analysis. Subject in this study were students on semester VI of academic year 2016/2017. This research implement cooperative learning model through lesson study in real analysis subject that held in March and April 2017. Data was collected by planning, implementation, and reflection (see). This research was conducted to observe the increase in the activities and abilities of students in each cycle. The general-stage of this research is: (a) formulates student abilities, (b) observes research subjects, (c) performs data collection, (d) performs data analysis in each cycle, (e) performs discussion of analysis results, (f) performs the conclusions. Results of the study are (1) the activities of students using cooperative learning models through lesson study in the real analysis subjects are increasing; (2) the ability of students to solve real analysis problems are improved; (3) lecturer and student need to create good circumstances to motivate student; (4) Lecturer get suggestion from colleagues to improve the quality of learning. Keywords: Cooperative learning model, Lesson study, Activity, Analysis Real.

UJI DAYA HAMBAT JAMUR ENDOFIT AKAR BAKAU ACHANTUS TERHADAP BAKTERI STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS DAN ESCHERICHIAE COLI

Fungi and bacteria are microbes that are classified in the general stage of Endofit. Fungi is the most isolated form of Endofit. To this point studies articulating endofit are still at a scarce stage, without a doubt the corresponding relationship between plants and organisms. Endosimbions are considered in a state between grass that grows endemic in The United States of America (truf grass) and endofit fungi, Neotyphodium SP. The purpose of these researches are to see and understand the inhibition of bacteria growth from endofit fungi that can be obtained from the roots of Mangrove Acanthus against bacteria Staphylococcus Aureus and Escherichia coli. These studies have been researched since November 2013 to January 2014 at the Biomedical Research Laboratory Faculty of Medicine University of Sam Ratulangi. The research results that were conjured from the Mangrove root type Achantus have an inhibitory effect on the test bacteria research, which are Staphylococcus Aureus and Escherichia Coli.Keywords: endofit fungi, Achantus, Staphylococcus Aureus, and Escherichia Coli.Abstrak: Jamurdan bakteri merupakan mikroba yang paling umum dijumpai sebagai endofit, sedangkan endofit yang paling sering diisolasi ialah jamur. Sejauh ini penelitian mengenaiendofit masih sanga tjarang dipelajari, akan tetapi hubungan antara tumbuhan dengan organisme endosimbion dapat dilihat antara suatu jenis rumput yang tumbuh endemik di Amerika Utara (truf grass) dengan jamur endofit Neotyphodium sp. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat dan mengetahui daya hambat pertumbuhan bakteri dari jamur endofit yang terdapat pada akar mangrove Acanthus terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Penelitian ini dilakukan sejak bulan November 2013 sampai dengan Januari 2014 di Laboratorium Riset Biomedik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi. Dari hasil penelitian yang didapat akar mangrove jenis achantus memiliki daya hambat terhadap bakteri uji pada penelitian ini yaitu staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli.Kata kunci: jamur endofit, Achantus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichiae coli.