DYNAMICS OF CHANGE OF REQUIREMENTS OF STANDARDS TO DURABILITY OF WOOD-SHAVING PLATES: REASONS AND CONSEQUENCE

Drevesno – chip plates are widely used in production of case furniture. The volume of their production constantly grows in Russia. If in 2013 it has been made 7270, then in 2017 – 8370, in 2018 – 9789, in 2019 – 9986 thousand m3 of plates. However, one of the main shortcomings of plates of the plates released by the industry is their low durability. It especially concerns one of the main strength performances of plates – ultimate strength at bend. So, in comparison with requirements of GOST 10632-77 durability of plates at bend of the most widespread thickness (13-20 mm) in accordance with GOST 10632-89 has decreased on 9 and 21, in accordance with GOST 10632-2007 on 21 and 29, and by current GOST 10632-2014 – by 38 and 43% depending on brand of plates. Decrease in durability at stretching perpendicular to plate face less noticeable. One of the main reasons of such decrease, use in technology of plates of low-toxic carboamidoformaldehyde (KFS) pitches the content of free formaldehyde in which generally is makes about 0,15%. It is known, than more free formaldehyde is in pitch of subjects bond quality of wood and wood-base materials, with use of this pitch, above. However such big decrease in durability of plates for furniture makers is big shortcoming. It is necessary to change approaches to designing of furniture from such plates. Manufacturers of plates, using low requirements of the present standard, sometimes manipulate due to decrease in density of plates that results in friability of plates, problem of fastening of plates in furniture designs. The purpose of our work was studying of dynamics of decrease in durability of plates according to requirements of standards, since 1977 till present, establishment of the reasons and possible consequences from such decrease.

Metanol en el mezcal: ¿es posible aumentar los umbrales permitidos por la normativa mexicana?

The allowed limits of methanol by Mexican norms for mezcal set the maximum at 300 mg/100 ml of alcohol 100%. The standard was established in 1986 taking wine as reference. The Norm NOM-142-SSA1-1995 maintains that value today, although in Europe, then and now, the limits for methanol in distilled fruit beverages are well above the content permitted by Mexican Standards. We review the toxicology of methanol and the process of making norms about the allowed contains in alcoholic beverages in Mexico and other countries, and concluded that is possible a revision of standards on methanol maintaining health requirements. The article proposes the revision of the current Norms for the agave distillates, taking mezcals as a case study. We remark that it represents an opportunity for certain traditional beverages (fermented and distilled) that exceed the present standard level.

Historical Perspective of Kshara Sutra

Kshara sutra is one of the para surgical procedures in Ayurveda and it has been proven as an effective and first choice of treatment in the management of Fistula-in-ano. The preparation of Kshara sutra has undergone many changes and has passed through various stages before it reached the present standard of scientific manufacturing. Now Kshara sutra is considered as simple, safe and sure treatment modality for Fistula-in-ano Key words: Kshara sutra, Fistula-in-ano.

Status of Certain Anthropometric Parameters of Males of Sasaram, India and Its Variation Due to Soybean Added Diet

The anthropometric parameters are regarded as sensitive indicators. The core elements of anthropometric parameters are bodyweight, height and body mass index. To assess certain anthropometric features of males of Sasaram in respect to the standards and the variations in these features due to 60 days feeding of soybean added diet was the purpose of the work. Experimental studies indicate that soybean added diet might facilitate loss of bodyweight. All subjects were observed for anthropometric measurements after feeding of routine diet and soybean added diet. The average bodyweight was 63.65±8.97kg of volunteers aged 20-59 years with a height of 162.0+6.0cm in controlled condition among 2127 males. The average height of volunteers of 162.0+6.0cm was found less than the present standard of the Bihar, India as well as the world. On the other hand, the average of body mass index was 24.88±3.01 kg/m2 among the volunteers of the above age group and was found less than the present standard of the world but more than the standard of India. Consumption of soybean added diet was related to a moderately significant decreased weight (p<0.01) and body mass index. The study helps in establishing the anthropometric features of people of this area in comparison to the standard of the state and the country. Key words: Bodyweight, Body mass index, Males, Sasaram, Soybean diet.

A Packet Delivery Cost Analysis of a Flow-Enabled Proxy NEMO Scheme in a Distributed Mobility Anchoring Environment

DMM (Distributed Mobility Management) is a present elective worldview for creating a mobility management scheme to discourse the centralized issues in present IP-based mobile environments. The main reason is to enable these schemes to adapt to the present increment in the number of mobile operators, as well as mobile information traffic size, just as the pattern in the mobile Internet towards Industry 4.0 in a flat architecture. Until this point, the advancement of schemes dependent on the DMM-based method is still at fundamental phases in the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), as well as there is no present standard set up. With the point of taking advantage of utilizing different interfaces all at once, this paper proposes an enhanced Flow-enabled Proxy NEMO scheme in a Distributed Mobility Anchoring (FPNEMO-DMA) environment. Besides, a mathematical approach is advanced to assess the performance of the proposed FPNEMO-DMA scheme and benchmark with the existing Nemo Basic Support Protocol (NBSP) and Proxy NEMO.

Evaluating Earwitness Identification Procedures: The Effect of Pre-Parade Instructions

Voice identification parades can be unreliable, as earwitness responses are error-prone. Here we vary pre-parade instructions, testing performance across serial and sequential procedures to examine ways of reducing errors. The participants listened to a target voice and later attempted to identify it from a parade. They were either warned that the target may or may not be present (standard warning), or encouraged to consider responding ‘not present’ because of the associated risk of a wrongful conviction (strong warning). Overall accuracy was low. Performance varied according to instructions and procedure. False alarms were lower on target-absent serial parades following the strong compared to the standard warning. However, the strong warning was associated with higher false alarms on target-absent sequential parades. We discuss the cognitive processes that might drive this effect. Our novel analyses shed light on these results, highlighting the challenges of directly comparing procedures, and revealing position-related effects.

Is oral hygiene as important as hand hygiene during COVID-19 pandemic?

Oral hygiene is an integral part of personal hygiene practices and should not be neglected. Similar to hand hygiene, oral hygiene is essential in reducing infection from the oral cavity, and thus, its transfer to the upper and lower respiratory tract. Although there is no randomized clinical trial, oral hygiene may imply to reduce the morbidity and mortality related to coronavirus disease pandemic potentially. At present, standard oral hygiene measures consist of thorough cleaning of all surfaces of teeth, interdental areas, and tongue daily. Oral health-care providers should emphasize its importance. Thorough toothbrushing for “Two Times For Two Minutes” in a day is an easy key to remember.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus–2 (HIV-2): A Summary of the Present Standard of Care and Treatment Options for Individuals Living with HIV-2 in Western Europe

Human immunodeficiency virus–2 (HIV-2) is endemic in some countries in West Africa. Due to the lower prevalence in industrialized countries, there is limited experience and knowledge on the management of individuals living with HIV-2 in Europe. Compared to HIV-1, there are differential characteristics of HIV-2 regarding diagnostic procedures, the clinical course, and, most importantly, antiretroviral therapy. We integrated the published literature on HIV-2 (studies and reports on epidemiology, diagnostics, the clinical course, and treatment), as well as expert experience in diagnosing and clinical care, to provide recommendations for a present standard of medical care of those living with HIV-2 in Western European countries, including an overview of strategies for diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment, with suggestions for effective drug combinations for first- and second-line treatments, post-exposure prophylaxis, and the prevention of mother-to-child transmission, as well as listings of mutations related to HIV-2 drug resistance and C-C motif chemokine receptor type 5 and C-X-C motif chemokine receptor type 4 coreceptor tropism.

Carbonate fine- grained concrete with enhanced internal energy dissipation properties

In this paper, research is carried out in the field of application of carbonate fine filler and hyper- and superplasticizers for enhancing micro- level energy dissipation in fine-grained concrete. The joint effect of a hyper- and superplasticizing additive including limestone microfiller on the mechanical properties of fine-grained carbonate concrete has also been studied. The main parameter of concrete properties considered in this paper is stress intensity factor. It is determined in conducting incongruent tests of concrete samples-prisms for bending in accordance with the present standard.