Real Life Smart Waste Management System [DRY, WET, RECYCLE, ELECTRONIC & MEDICAL]

The problem of real-life smart waste management system can be solved using automatic waste segregation. In particular, the focus of the article is on the problem of detection (i.e., waste classification). In these 5 classes of waste are taken and segregated them into 5 categories namely dry, wet, recycle, electronic and medical. This system will automatically detect the waste object and segregate it into the respective category. The use of machine learning allowed improving the model with more accuracy. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) algorithm which is best used for image classification is used for object detection. The models that was trained are ResNet50, VGG16, InceptionV3 and MobileNetV2. Finally, when compared to the results of all these models, MobileNetV2 has given us the best and highest accuracy of about 98% and 99% respectively.

Formação do engenheiro: O conceito de vetor no programa curricular de um curso de engenharia civilEngineer training: the vector concept in the curricular program of a civil engineering undergraduate course

ResumoEsta escrita tem a pretensão de responder o seguinte problema: em quais disciplinas e de que forma o Conceito Vetor é mobilizado no Programa Curricular de um Curso de Engenharia Civil? Para tanto, iremos utilizar como instrumentos de análise o Projeto Pedagógico do Curso de Engenharia Civil e Planos de Ensino de disciplinas selecionadas. A teoria que sustenta esta escrita é, principalmente, a Teoria da Atividade de Leontiev (1978). O percurso metodológico utilizado é a Análise Textual Discursiva de Moraes e Galiazzi (2016), a partir da qual constituímos a seguinte unidade de análise “O Conceito Vetor no PPC do Curso de Engenharia Civil”, com a respectiva categoria e proposição “Identificação do Conceito Vetor nas ementas e conteúdos programáticos das disciplinas” e “Força, conceito mobilizador do Conceito Vetor”. Sendo assim, podemos dizer que a forma como o conceito vetor é mobilizado nas disciplinas que constituem o PPC do curso de Engenharia Civil, depende do contexto em que está sendo considerado, no contexto matemático vetor é tratado como um vetor livre, no contexto da física ou das disciplinas específicas, vetor é mobilizado por meio da grandeza vetorial força ou então em cálculos envolvendo equações vetoriais, e que podem ser divididos em dois tipos, em vetor fixo e vetor deslizante.Palavras-chave: Conceito Força, Formação Profissional do Engenheiro Civil, Teoria da Atividade de Leontiev.AbstractThis study aims to answer the following question: in which subjects and how is the vector concept used in the curricular programme of a civil engineering undergraduate course? For this purpose, we will use both the pedagogical project of the civil engineering undergraduate course and the teaching plans of the selected subjects as analytical tools. The theory that supports this writing is mainly Leontiev’s theory of activity (1978). The methodology used is the textual discursive analysis of Moraes and Galiazzi (2016), from which we constitute the following unit of analysis “The Vector Concept in the Pedagogical Project of the Civil Engineering Undergraduate Course”, with the respective category and proposition: “Concept Identification Vector in the syllabus of the subjects” and “Strength, mobilising concept of the Vector Concept”. Therefore, we can say that the way the vector concept is mobilised in the subjects that constitute the Curricular Pedagogical Project of the Civil Engineering undergraduate course depends on the context in which it is being considered. In the mathematical field the vector is treated as a free vector, in the physics field or in the specific disciplines the vector is mobilised by means of the vector quantity strength, or even in calculations involving vector equations, which can be divided into two types, namely both fixed vector and sliding vector.Keywords: Strength concept, Professional education of the civil engineer, Activity theory of Leontiev.ResumenEste escrito tiene la pretensión de responder al siguiente problema: ¿en cuales disciplinas y de que forma el concepto de vector es movilizado en el programa curricular de un curso de ingeniería civil? Para ello, vamos a utilizar como instrumento de análisis el proyecto pedagógico del curso de ingeniería civil y planes de enseñanza de las disciplinas seleccionadas. La teoría que sustenta el escrito es, principalmente, la teoría de la actividad de Leontiev (1978). El recurso metodológico utilizado es el análisis textual discursivo de Moraes y Galiazzi (2016), a partir de la cual constituimos la siguiente unidad de análisis “El concepto de vector en el PPC del curso de ingeniería civil”, con la respectiva categoría y proposición “Identificación del concepto de vector en los resúmenes y contenidos programáticos de las disciplinas” e “Fuerza, concepto movilizador del concepto de vector”. Por lo tanto, podemos decir que la forma en que se moviliza el concepto de vector en las disciplinas que constituyen el PPC de la carrera de ingeniería civil, depende del contexto en el que se esté considerando. En el contexto matemático, el vector se trata como un vector libre, en el contexto de la física o de las asignaturas específicas, el vector se moviliza mediante la cantidad vectorial fuerza o bien en cálculos que involucran ecuaciones vectoriales, que pueden dividirse en dos tipos, vector fijo y vector deslizante.Palabras clave: Concepto fuerza, Formación profesional del ingeniero civil, Teoría de la actividad de Leontiev.

Changes in the productivity of word-formation patterns: Some methodological remarks

Changes in the productivity of word-formation patterns are often investigated using hapax legomena. In this paper, I argue that at least in diachronic investigations of productivity, a measure based on first attestations is a viable alternative to hapax-based measures. I show that such a measure is a more direct proxy to new words than hapax-based measures – it measures what we want to measure, which is not always true for the latter. I present a method that deals with the common problem of varying subcorpus sizes (I suggest we randomly resample the subcorpora up to a predefined size), and to the problem of old words appearing as new at the start of the corpus (I suggest we take an earlier corpus and determine a point in time when almost all old words have registered). Armed with these instruments, we can determine the ratio of new types to existing types for a time span, which can be regarded as the renewal rate of the respective category.

On the search for a selective and retroactive strengthening of memory: repeated failure to find category-specific behavioral tagging

Storing motivationally salient experiences preferentially in long-term memory is generally adaptive. While such relevant experiences are often immediately obvious, a problem arises when the relevance of initially ambiguous events becomes evident sometime after encoding. Is there a mechanism that enables the retroactive enhancement of specific memories? Recent evidence suggests the existence of such a mechanism that selectively strengthens weak memories for neutral stimuli from one category when their respective category gains motivational significance later. While such a selective retroactive memory enhancement has considerable implications for adaptive memory, evidence for this phenomenon is based on only two studies. Here, we report data from five failed attempts to produce category-specific retroactive memory enhancements in the context of aversive or reward learning. Experiments 1A, 1B, and 1C aimed to closely replicate findings of category-specific retroactive memory enhancements for neutral stimuli from a category that was later predictive of aversive electric shocks. Experiment 2 was designed to broaden the scope of these experiments by replacing electric shocks with an ecologically more valid psychosocial stress procedure. Finally, in Experiment 3, we aimed to replicate findings of category-specific retroactive memory enhancement in the context of instrumental reward learning. Although our data showed enhanced memory for the arousing stimuli themselves as well as related subsequent stimuli, none of our experiments provided any evidence for category-specific retroactive memory enhancement. Thus, our data cast doubt on the proposed selective retroactive enhancement of initially weak memory.

A novel multi-word paradigm for investigating semantic context effects in language production

Semantic context modulates precision and speed of language production. Using different experimental designs including the Picture-Word-Interference (PWI) paradigm, it has consistently been shown that categorically related distractor words (e.g., cat) inhibit retrieval of the target picture name (dog). Here we introduce a novel variant of the PWI paradigm in which we present 8 words prior to a to be named target picture. Within this set, the number of words categorically related was varied between 3 and 5, and the picture to be named was either related or unrelated to the respective category. To disentangle interacting effects of semantic context we combined different naming paradigms manipulating the number of competitors, and assessing the effect of repeated naming instances. Evaluating processing of the cohort by eye-tracking provided us with a metric of the (implicit) recognition of the semantic cohort. Results replicate the interference effect in that overall naming of pictures categorically related to the distractor set was slower compared to unrelated pictures. However, interference did not increase with increasing number of distractors. Tracking this effect across naming repetitions, we found that interference is prominent at the first naming instance of every picture only, whereby it is stable across distractor conditions, but dissipates across the experiment. Regarding eye-tracking our data show that participants fixated longer on semantically related items, indicating the identification of the lexico-semantic cohort. Our findings confirm the validity of the novel paradigm and indicate that besides interference during first exposure, repeated exposure to the semantic context may facilitate picture naming and counteract lexical interference.

Image Classification using CNN and Machine Learning

Here by in this paper we are interested for classification of Images and Recognition. We expose the performance of training models by using a classifier algorithm and an API that contains set of images where we need to compare the uploaded image with the set of images available in the data set that we have taken. After identifying its respective category the image need to be placed in it. In order to classify images we are using a machine learning algorithm that comparing and placing the images.

SOME NONCONFORMAL ACCELERATING PERFECT FLUID PLATES OF EMBEDDING CLASS 1 USING SIMILARITY TRANSFORMATIONS

In view of renewed interest in the space–time embedded in higher-dimensional flat space which are useful in extrinsic gravity, string and brane theory, a set of six explicit solutions to Einstein's field equations for nonconformally flat accelerating and shearing perfect fluid plates is obtained using similarity transformations method by considering a five-dimensional flat metric. All the solutions thus obtained are analyzed physically. All the solutions are new in their respective category as far as authors are aware.

On the Protheticity of Olfactory Pleasantness and Intensity

In Exp. 1, the “protheticity” of the pleasantness of a diverse set of relatively isointensive odorants was estimated using exponents from power functions fitted by an iterative least squares procedure between scale values established by (a) magnitude estimation and (b) category rating and rank ordering. In Exp. 2, this procedure was applied to intensity data derived from quarter-log-step volume dilution series of two hedonically disparate odorants, furfural and methyl salicylate. The goodness of fit of the power functions was somewhat better for the intensity than for the pleasantness data. The pleasantness dimension of the diverse stimuli was slightly prothetic (respective category scaling and rank order/magnitude estimation exponents = 0.60 and 0.63). The intensity dimension of furfural was considerably more prothetic than that of methyl salicylate (respective category/magnitude estimation exponents = 0.20 and 0.68; respective rank order/magnitude exponents = 0.21 and 0.69). These data suggest that the degree of olfactory protheticity depends upon the stimuli as well as the attributes chosen for investigation and support the view that Stevens' metathetic/prothetic dichotomy has little utility in classifying the scaling attributes of odors. Whether the degree of protheticity reflects the nature or distribution of olfactory system receptive elements within the main olfactory pathway remains an empirical question which awaits a more specific understanding of the nature of olfactory coding at the level of the neuroepithelium.

Treatment of Morton's neuroma using percutaneous electrocoagulation

A new modality for treating Morton's neuroma was introduced and performed by the authors, using a nerve lesion generator. Seventy-nine lesions were evaluated by obtaining the patients' responses to three questions. By rating their symptoms on a 0-5 scale both before and after the neurectomy, the patients showed a 56% reduction in symptoms. With a gone-improved-same-worse rating, the patients responded with 25%, 46%, 24%, and 5% in each respective category. The overall assessment of the procedure by the patients yielded 68% pleased and 32% not pleased. An average of 4 hr was missed from work following the neurectomy, and only 20% of the patients required mild analgesics.