The Effects of Cybercrime on the Banking Sector in ASEAN

The main objective of this chapter is to investigate the effects of cybercrime on the banking sector in ASEAN. Global challenges on the evolution of cybercrime are in continuous dynamics in the case of emerging or developing countries, so that sustainable development plays an essential role. Moreover, the propagation effects can generate significant damages in the banking sector. Efficient bank management is essential in the context of providing advanced techniques for cyber security. Traditional cyber security measures are insufficient to ensure data protection and online information privacy. Consequently, investigations of cyber-criminal activity must become a priority especially in the context of globalization.

An Overview of Financial Technology in Indonesia

Financial technology (FinTech) has been developing at a tremendous rate all around the globe. This chapter will show how banking and financial system has evolved by financial technology which affected the way of how society is living now. There is a rapid change of FinTech for the past few years in Indonesia. These changes have made an impact to the people in Indonesia. As for the exploration to the rise of FinTech in Indonesia, it is important to understand the development and challenges of FinTech in Indonesia by looking changing Indonesian people's behavior in terms of FinTech's adoption include payment channel system, digital banking, peer-to-peer (P2P) lending, and crowdfunding.

Paving the Way for the Development of FinTech Initiatives in ASEAN

Financial technology (FinTech) is not one to be ignored under any circumstances. It is not only growing as a concept but a phenomenon that has been manifested in non-financial sectors using innovative technology to bring financial services straight to the customers. The creation and practical applications of FinTech supported by government regulations and financial policies, high mobile adoption, rising rates of internet penetration, and increasingly literate and millennial generation, strongly indicates that the various scopes of FinTech in ASEAN are very promising in supporting economic growth and financial inclusion. This chapter will provide an overview of FinTech and examine the development of FinTech initiatives to shed light on some challenges and solutions facing the ASEAN's financial landscape today and in the future.

Financial Technology Implications

The chapter examines the particularities of the financial technology industry and explores how FinTech is defined and how the financial technology solutions can be implemented by companies and categorized. Financial technology companies are generally start-ups founded with the purpose of disrupting financial systems and corporations that rely less on software. But Fintech is not confined to start-ups only. Fintech comprises a vessel of technical aspects that describes an emerging financial services sector in the 21st century. The chapter aims to provide key insights into the evolution of the FinTech sector in emerging markets like ASEAN and India by and industry experience in this area. Both industry survey reports and peer-reviewed research is used as secondary data. The critical challenges to be addressed at the policy level, regional differences and future implications are being discussed thereby creating bridges the FinTech in ASEAN context to create a coherent framework.

Financial Technologies

This chapter explores the concept of Financial Technology (FinTech) and how it has progressed to where it is today. This understanding is further supplemented with the applications of FinTech and the challenges it has to tackle in order to continue to evolve in a favourable manner. Being a key player in the FinTech sector, this chapter also delves into the concept of blockchain technology (BCT) to comprehend how it holds the power to impact society through revolutionary applications. As the world heralds an era of FinTech, this chapter aims to give insights on the potential of FinTech and how it cross borders to change the lives of many.

Financial Inclusion

Financial inclusion is a term that is used to describe easy access of financial products and services for everyone. G20 countries, including Indonesia, show high commitment to accelerate financial inclusion. Financial inclusion also facilitates the achievement of 17 Sustainable Development Goals. Fintech or digital financial technology is one of the most recent innovations in financial industry. It has grown at a rapid speed in the recent years. Fintech provides products and services with low costs, better quality, and stable financial landscape. With its flexibility and simplicity, Fintech may facilitate the offering of financial services to people who are “unbanked,” or to small business at low cost and low risk. Hence, this chapter thoroughly discusses FinTech's role in supporting financial inclusion in Indonesia. Indonesia is one of the G20 countries that is committed to conduct financial inclusion. Specifically, this chapter elaborates financial inclusion, Fintech in Indonesia, and role of Fintech in supporting financial inclusion in Indonesia.

Using Blockchain and Smart Contracts for Waqf Institutions

The institution of Waqf always played a pivotal role of sustainable economic development in a Muslim society throughout the history of Islam. However, recently, even with the introduction of the modern Islamic finance a few decades ago, the institution has been struggling to rejuvenate its past glory. The key issues are lack of availability of data and historical records, weak transparency and public disclosure, improper audit and compliance practices. The advent of the blockchain has offered a ray of hope for the revival of the Waqf institution. The blockchain has already proved itself as a game changing breakthrough. Similarly, the Waqf institution could be invigorated with the innovative and efficient use of the blockchain. Moreover, the use of smart contracts on blockchain could further enhance the performance and efficacy of the Waqf institution. It is strongly believed that with the firm Islamic jurisprudential foundations of the Waqf, blockchain, and smart contracts will ensure that the Waqf institution could partake in the economic development of the whole Muslim world.

Advancing Towards a Cashless Society

This exploratory research study looked into the younger population of Brunei Darussalam in terms of the feasibility of eWallets. By utilizing the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model established by Venkatesh et al., this research hoped to assess the country's technological readiness and the level of acceptance of eWallet adoption in a future of an e-Payment economy for the purpose of to improve the efficiency of financial institutions as well as for the provision of new services for the convenience of the customers. The study found that none of the main four constructs of the UTAUT model to be predictors of behavioral intention but rather, attitude towards using technology and anxiety. This may be as a result of the younger populace being in constant interaction with various types of technology, paired with the rising internet connectivity which led to the minimal impact of a new technology, in this case, eWallets.

Customer Adoption and Perception Towards Fintech in Indonesia

While fintech is relatively new in Indonesia, it is visibly emerging and setting for a new path. This chapter is attempting to shed a light on customer adoption and their perceptions toward fintech products and services in Indonesia. This study is descriptive and exploratory by nature. Data gathered from primary surveys as well as secondary sources. This study identifies several factors that significantly affect customer adoption and perception towards fintech products and services, namely relative advantages, trialability, and simplicity. Trust, responsiveness, and empathy are also served as important variables that should be considered as well. It is expected that this study will help researchers and academics who are interested in studying the phenomenon of fintech more broadly.

FinTech

Businesses have been forerunners in providing innovative techniques and technology to the market. These emerging processes, techniques, and technologies have disrupted the existing ones and met the requirements of the existing customers. Today's banking and financial sector is facing an unprecedented change wherein various new players are entering the market and disrupting the traditional modes of operation. These players are a part of the latest disruption in the banking and financial sector, which is popularly known as Fin Tech (which is an amalgamation of finance and technology). They are providing alternative solutions and business models that are overhauling the manner in which this sector and its customers function. This disruption not only opens doors for completely different business opportunities but also poses challenges to the existing set up of business. The chapter aims to study the emerging trends associated emerging opportunities and challenges of FinTech in the banking and financial sector globally.