Investigation of Association between the High Risk of Female Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Inadequate Quantities of Twenty Intra-Thyroidal Chemical Elements

Subclinical hypothyroidism does affect fertility. The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism is 10-15 times more common in women than in men. Chemical elements, including trace elements, play important roles in thyroid function and fertility. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether significant difference of chemical element contents exists between female and male thyroids and how they can be related to the etiology of subclinical hypothyroidism. Thyroid tissue levels of twenty chemical elements: Al, B, Ba, Br, Ca, Cl, Cu, Fe, I, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, Si, Sr, V, and Zn were prospectively evaluated in 105 healthy persons (33 females and 72 males). It was found that for ages before 40 years means of Al, B, Ca, Cu, Fe, Li, Mg, S, and Zn content in female thyroid were lower than those in male thyroid. For ages over 40 years means of Ba, Br and Si content in female thyroid was higher whereas mean of Mg content was lower than those in male thyroid. Thus, inappropriate content of intra-thyroidal Al, B, Ba, Br, Ca, Cu, Fe, Li, Mg, S, Si, and Zn can be associated with the etiology of female subclinical hypothyroidism.

Investigation of Association between the High Risk of Female Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Inadequate Quantities of Twenty Intra-Thyroidal Chemical Elements

Subclinical hypothyroidism does affect fertility. The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism is 10-15 times more common in women than in men. Chemical elements, including trace elements, play important roles in thyroid function and fertility. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether significant difference of chemical element contents exists between female and male thyroids and how they can be related to the etiology of subclinical hypothyroidism. Thyroid tissue levels of twenty chemical elements: Al, B, Ba, Br, Ca, Cl, Cu, Fe, I, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, Si, Sr, V, and Zn were prospectively evaluated in 105 healthy persons (33 females and 72 males). It was found that for ages before 40 years means of Al, B, Ca, Cu, Fe, Li, Mg, S, and Zn content in female thyroid were lower than those in male thyroid. For ages over 40 years means of Ba, Br and Si content in female thyroid was higher whereas mean of Mg content was lower than those in male thyroid. Thus, inappropriate content of intra-thyroidal Al, B, Ba, Br, Ca, Cu, Fe, Li, Mg, S, Si, and Zn can be associated with the etiology of female subclinical hypothyroidism.

Gynecologic Diseases are a Neglected Entity in Rural India: Depiction by Retrospective Analysis of 948 Cases of Gynecology Operation Theatre of a Rural Government Medical College

Objectives: Healthcare is the right of every individual but lack of quality infrastructure, lack of quality infrastructure, dearth of qualified medical functionaries and non-access to basic medicines and medical facilities thwarts the reach of health care services to rural population. Women are burdened from diseases and injury related to sexuality and child bearing and scenario is worst for rural women. This study highlights the ignorance and neglecting of her own health by women because of her familial and social responsibilities. Material & method: A cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in a newly established rural medical college from Jan 2012 to September 2015. Data analyzed statistically with spss20. Results: 948 major gynecological procedures performed during this time period, uterovaginal prolapse was the most common (43.88%) symptom and vaginal hysterectomy with pelvic floor repair was most common (36.70%) performed procedure. Sociodemographic profile revealed a mean age of 46.67+2.44 year (46.51%),grand multiparty (56.21%), illiteracy (65.62%) ,rural locality (80.06%), agriculture laborer (64.14%)and low socioeconomic status (62.93%) as the characteristics of women we operated. 33.01% patients took 10 years or more to seek health care for their ailments. Conclusion: It’s high time for the society and for women themselves to stand together and take steps to bring change in their living conditions and health status.

Surgical Oophorectomy is Ineffective Therapy in Women with Hormone-Receptor Positive Breast Cancer Who are in Historical, but Low-Progesterone Luteal Phase

The hormonal biology of the menstrual cycle has major relevance in the treatment of hormone-sensitive breast cancer. There are 500,000 new cases of hormone-receptor positive breast cancer in premenopausal women annually; 80% of these are among women in low- and middle-income countries. Surgical oophorectomy should play a major role in the treatment of these women. New data from two phase III clinical trials show that women who are in historical luteal phase, but have low progesterone levels at the times of their oophorectomy surgeries benefit little from this intervention. The unique sequence of hormonal signaling to micro-metastases which occurs in this situation offers a logical explanation for this observation. Because surgical oophorectomy is a safe and widely practical and affordable intervention, this new observation and explanation deserves the attention of the practicing global surgical community. Universal application of surgical oophorectomy treatment could save 100,000 lives of young women with breast cancer each year.

Clinical Research Leading to Development of Two Products for Keeping Vagina Healthy and Preventing Sexually Transmitted Infections

Described below are 2 Products developed by us which after undergoing successful clinical trials and approval of the Drugs Controller General of India (DCGI) and Institutional Ethics Committees, have been transferred to Industry for making these available to potential users. These are: [1] a Polyherbal formulation BASANT with inhibitory action on a wide spectrum of genital pathogens, and [2] 3 strains of Lactobacilli (Pro-vag-Health) that make and secrete high amounts of lactic acid, are hydrophobic to enable colonization and possess arginine deiminase, the enzyme preventing the formation of foul odour derivatives. The combined use of BASANT and pro-vag-Health in the Product NAUROZ, has the highest efficacy ever achieved for curing recurrent episodes of vaginosis.

Male Contraceptives: Present and Future Approaches

There is general agreement that men, like women, must take full control of their fertility, an important global health issue. However, the contraceptives for preventing pregnancy that primarily involve male physiology have not changed in the last century. These options are still limited to the non-surgical methods of the use of a condom, abstinence, and a timely withdrawal (coitus interrupts) or the surgical approach of vas occlusion (vasectomy) that prevents sperm from being released during ejaculation. When not defective and used correctly, condoms are effective in preventing unwanted pregnancies as well as providing protection against sexually transmitted diseases. However, condoms, abstinence and timely withdrawal approaches have relatively higher typical-use failure rates whereas vasectomy is largely irreversible and not suitable for younger men. Thus, providing a safe, effective, reversible and affordable contraceptive for men has remained an elusive goal. In this article, we intend to discuss many details of currently available contraceptives for men, the current status of the research and development of non-surgical male contraceptives and also to describe experimental details of three intra-vas approaches that are undergoing advanced clinical trials and may soon be available for men to regulate their fertility. Finally, we will introduce the “sperm switch” approach. This is the latest invention that will allow men to decide if and when to ejaculate spermatozoa during coitus. The availability of several safe, effective, reversible and affordable contraceptives will allow men to take full control of their fertility.

Male Contraceptives: Present and Future Approaches

There is general agreement that men, like women, must take full control of their fertility, an important global health issue. However, the contraceptives for preventing pregnancy that primarily involve male physiology have not changed in the last century. These options are still limited to the non-surgical methods of the use of a condom, abstinence, and a timely withdrawal (coitus interrupts) or the surgical approach of vas occlusion (vasectomy) that prevents sperm from being released during ejaculation. When not defective and used correctly, condoms are effective in preventing unwanted pregnancies as well as providing protection against sexually transmitted diseases. However, condoms, abstinence and timely withdrawal approaches have relatively higher typical-use failure rates whereas vasectomy is largely irreversible and not suitable for younger men. Thus, providing a safe, effective, reversible and affordable contraceptive for men has remained an elusive goal. In this article, we intend to discuss many details of currently available contraceptives for men, the current status of the research and development of non-surgical male contraceptives and also to describe experimental details of three intra-vas approaches that are undergoing advanced clinical trials and may soon be available for men to regulate their fertility. Finally, we will introduce the “sperm switch” approach. This is the latest invention that will allow men to decide if and when to ejaculate spermatozoa during coitus. The availability of several safe, effective, reversible and affordable contraceptives will allow men to take full control of their fertility.