Influence Of Organic Matrix And Cations On Bio-Methane Yield With Anthracite Methanogenic Consortium

Organic compounds fermentation of coal has been used to generate secondary biogenic gas and enhance gas reservoirs in coal bed. To enhance the bio-degradation process, culture nutrition plays an important role in remediating the nutritional deficiency of the coal seam. The influence of bio-methane yield with organic inputs and cation concentrations was examined. Research of organic matrix influence revealed that the traditional organic material except yeast extract should forbid, and the input of yeast extract should limit at 1.00g/L also. Further, the study demonstrated that the ion concentration of sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium and ammonia nitrogen also influenced methane and carbon dioxide yields. And the optimize concentrations for Ca2+, K+, Na+, Mg2+ were 5.1, 1.7, 23 and 1.3 mmol/L. The Mg2+ was particularly sensitive in inhibiting CH4 metabolism processes largely for gas-coal methanogenic consortium.

Role And Application Of Curcumin As An Alternative Therapeutic Agent

The golden spice, turmeric has been an essential element in Asian culinary since many years. Curcumin is the major and important constituent of turmeric obtained from Curcuma longa L. Due to poor stability, solubility and biodegradability the effective concentration of curcumin was not able to reach to the tissues by oral consumption of turmeric in food. However, recent developments in drug delivery methods have elevated the formation of several nano-capsulation of curcumin. The formation of biodegradable nano-curcumin is one of the major breakthroughs for its therapeutic translation in humans and animals against various diseases. Since, ancient time it has been used for various ailments and also as a supportive therapeutic agent. Curcumin is now well-established therapeutic agent against cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, microbial infections, arthritis and other inflammatory disorders. It has hepatoprotective, immune-enhancer, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal effects. In this mini review article, we have explored the therapeutic role and application of curcumin in human diseases specifically as anti-bacterial and anti-cancer. The combinatorial study of curcumin with available drugs on different types of cancer has been discussed. We have also reviewed the types of nano-formulations available till date for curcumin and its role as therapeutic agent.

An Overview On Transmission Of Diseases In Special Reference To COVID-19 And Potential Targets To Control This Pandemic

With its initial outbreak in China, the virus was referred as "coronavirus". WHO has named it "severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2" (SARS-CoV-2). It has been described as the successor to SARS-CoV-1 which is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus. The virus spreads mainly between people who are in close contact (less than two metres or six feet) through small droplets produced during coughing, sneezing, or talking. Infected people exhale the contaminated droplets which are then inhaled into the lungs, or settle on other non- infected people's faces his/her mucosae (mouth and nose) or conjunctiva (eyes) get exposed to potentially infective respiratory droplets to cause new infection. Organism may enter to human cells by binding to the receptor angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Research works are in progress to find potential targets to control the pandemic. To control and treat the virus various targets are under study and these targets range from modulating host cell receptor for the virus entry to generate an effective adaptive immune response.

The Quality And Effect Of Borehole Water Proliferation In Benin City, Nigeria And Its Public Health Significance

Water is life, essential for human existence, and its importance for individual health as well as the well-being of a nation and access to good quality water cannot be overemphasized. Waer makes up about 70% of the earth’s surface and about 97% of this volume of earth’s surface water is contained in the oceans, only about 0.3-0.8% makes up underground water. Ground water is the water beneath the surface where all the voids in the rocks and soil are filled. It is a source of water for wells, boreholes and springs. A borehole is a hydraulic structure which when properly designed and constructed, permits the economic withdrawal of water from an aquifer. It is a narrow well drilled with machine. Due to the poor investments of the Nigerian government in water supply, many have resulted in construction of boreholes as an alternative source of portable water. Benin City is located in Edo State, southern Nigeria with a growing population. There is a high degree of borehole proliferation as housing development projects are on the increase. There is hardly any residential house, office or business building that does not have a constructed borehole in Benin City. As the population of Benin City continues to rise, human activities including soil fertility remediation, indiscriminate refuse and waste disposal, and the use of septic tanks, soak-away pits and pit latrines are on the increase. These activities are capable of producing leachates into the groundwater formation that serve as source of water to the inhabitants in the City. Proliferation and Contamination of groundwater can pose a serious public health risk and as well as a long term environmental hazard. It is therefore recommended the Edo State government look urgently at this issue and provide solutions to safeguard the health of the citizens and the environment. It is drawn conclusively stated that the proliferation of boreholes in Benin City, may lead to a long term environmental hazard and as well as pose a potential serious public health concern. The objective of this study is to elucidate the effect of the proliferation of boreholes in Benin City and public heath significance.