Hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,4-toluene diisocyanate, 2,6-toluene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate and 4,4′-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate - Determination of hexamethylenediamine, 2,4-toluenediamine, 2,6-toluenediamine, isophoronediamine and 4,4′-me

2017 ◽  
pp. 1415-1435
Author(s):  
J. Cocker ◽  
K. Jones ◽  
G. Leng ◽  
W. Gries ◽  
L.T. Budnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hexamethylene Diisocyanate ◽  
Toluene Diisocyanate ◽  
Isophorone Diisocyanate ◽  
Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate

Chemical Analysis of 2,4-Toluene Diisocyanate, 1,6-Hexamethylene Diisocyanate, and Isophorone Diisocyanate in Petrolatum Patch-Test Preparations

Dermatitis ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 130-135
Author(s):  
Malin Frick-Engfeldt ◽  
Erik Zimerson ◽  
Daniel Karlsson ◽  
Åsa Marand ◽  
Gunnar Skarping ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Patch Test ◽  
Hexamethylene Diisocyanate ◽  
Toluene Diisocyanate ◽  
Isophorone Diisocyanate

scholarly journals Synthesis and research of polyfunctional silylureas used in electric deposition of tin-indium alloy

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 20210305
Author(s):  
K. Yu. Ivanova ◽  
M. V. Kuzmin ◽  
L. G. Rogozhina ◽  
A. O. Patianova ◽  
V. L. Semenov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Copper Wire ◽  
Hexamethylene Diisocyanate ◽  
Toluene Diisocyanate ◽  
Isophorone Diisocyanate ◽  
Aromatic Solvent ◽  
Operational Characteristics

Polyfunctional silylureas were synthesized by the interaction of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane with isocyanates of various structures in an inert aromatic solvent. Commercially available diisocyanates such as isophorone diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,4-toluene diisocyanate were used as isocyanates. In this case, freshly distilled toluene was used as a solvent. The structures of the obtained compounds were confirmed by the data of IR and NMR1H spectroscopy. Using the synthesized compounds, formulations of compositions for electrodeposition of a tin-indium alloy on a copper wire were developed. The possibility of using silylureas of various structures as effective surfactants used in the electrodeposition of the tin-indium alloy is shown. The operational characteristics of the obtained wire were investigated, including the wire diameter, coating thickness, tensile strength, electrical resistance, and direct current electrical resistivity.

Thermal, mechanical and wettability properties of some branched polyetherurethane elastomers

e-Polymers ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stelian Vlad ◽  
Iuliana Spiridon ◽  
Cristian Vasile Grigoras ◽  
Mioara Drobota ◽  
Alexandra Nistor
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Contact Angle ◽  
Dynamic Contact ◽  
Chain Extender ◽  
Hexamethylene Diisocyanate ◽  
Isophorone Diisocyanate ◽  
Characterization Methods ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Chain Extenders ◽  
Tga And Dsc

AbstractIn this study three series of polyetherurethanes (PEU) based on Terathane ® (polytetramethyleneetherglycol - PTMEG, Mn 1400) as polyol; isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), 4,4’-methylene-bis-(cyclohexyl-isocyanate) (HMDI) and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) as aliphatic diisocyanate components; 1,4- butanediol (BD) and glycerin (Gly) as chain extenders were synthesized. The glycerin as triol is responsible for the crosslinking structures. All polyether urethanes were synthesized by prepolymer method. The PTMEG was reacted with diisocyanate to realize a diisocyanate-terminated prepolymer, which in next step was extended with blend of the 1,4-butanediol (BD) and glycerin (Gly) in different proportion. The influence of the diisocyanate structure and chain extender functionality on the thermal, mechanical and wettability properties were the aim of this study. The physical, mechanical and wettability properties of these polymers were measured according to standard methods. All polymers were characterized by conventional characterization methods. Different methods of thermal analysis (TGA and DSC) were used for characterization. Wettability was estimated by determination of the dynamic contact angle. The structures were confirmed by FTIR and H-NMR analysis. The results show that the thermal stability, mechanical and wettability properties of the final products are influenced by the diisocyanate and chain extenders nature.

Determination of Isocyanates in Workplace Atmosphere by HPLC

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 533-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ondrej Hegedus ◽  
Zuzana Smotlakova ◽  
Alzbeta Hegedusova ◽  
Jarmila Dubajova ◽  
Alena Andrejiova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Hexamethylene Diisocyanate ◽  
Toluene Diisocyanate ◽  
Breathing Zone ◽  
Occupational Exposure Limit ◽  
Air Samples ◽  
Exposure Limit ◽  
Relative Standard

Determination of diisocyanates in the laboratories of the Authorities of Public Health was described and verified. Air samples collected in the breathing zone of workers exposed to diisocyanates were analyzed in an automotive industry. Diisocyanates (2,4-toluene diisocyanate, 2,6-toluene diisocyanate, 4,4�-methylenediphenyl isocyanate, and 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate) were measured by HPLC and the validation characteristics were determined. Diisocyanate exposure was monitored in the workplace atmosphere of 25 workers. Air samples from the breathing zone were collected and analyzed by HPLC after extraction. The results were compared to the occupational exposure limit. Reliability of the method was confirmed by validation characteristics for the diisocyanates. The repeatability of the method ranged from 2.98 to 4.51%, the calculated relative standard uncertainty was 11 � 12% for the parameters, and the recovery was between 99 and 103%. The low LOD and LOQ ensured the determination of the diisocyanates in the harmful concentration. Monitoring of diisocyanate exposure was performed on four different workplaces. The results showed that 2,4-toluene diisocyanate and 2,6-toluene diisocyanate were present in the concentration range from 6.3 to 13.2 �g m-3. The 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate was found in all cases below the limit of detection and the 4,4�-methylenediphenyl isocyanate was found only at two workplaces (between 8.3 and 44.8 �g m-3). The HPLC method was found to be appropriate for the determination of diisocyanates. Applying the method for the determination of diisocyanate exposure in four different workplaces, which produce car accessories, showed that the diisocyanate level did not exceed the occupational exposure limit set for average exposure.

Chemical Analysis of 2,4-Toluene Diisocyanate, 1,6-Hexamethylene Diisocyanate and Isophorone Diisocyanate in Petrolatum Patch-Test Preparations

Dermatitis ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (03) ◽  
pp. 130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malin Frick-Engfeldt ◽  
Erik Zimerson ◽  
Daniel Karlsson ◽  
Åsa Marand ◽  
Gunnar Skarping ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Patch Test ◽  
Hexamethylene Diisocyanate ◽  
Toluene Diisocyanate ◽  
Isophorone Diisocyanate

scholarly journals A Review of the Surface Modification of Cellulose and Nanocellulose Using Aliphatic and Aromatic Mono- and Di-Isocyanates

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (15) ◽  
pp. 2782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatem Abushammala ◽  
Jia Mao
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Phenyl Isocyanate ◽  
Hexamethylene Diisocyanate ◽  
Toluene Diisocyanate ◽  
Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate ◽  
Chemical Modifications ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Simple Molecules

Nanocellulose has been subjected to a wide range of chemical modifications towards increasing its potential in certain fields of interest. These modifications either modulated the chemistry of the nanocellulose itself or introduced certain functional groups onto its surface, which varied from simple molecules to polymers. Among many, aliphatic and aromatic mono- and di-isocyanates are a group of chemicals that have been used for a century to modify cellulose. Despite only being used recently with nanocellulose, they have shown great potential as surface modifiers and chemical linkers to graft certain functional chemicals and polymers onto the nanocellulose surface. This review discusses the modification of cellulose and nanocellulose using isocyanates including phenyl isocyanate (PI), octadecyl isocyanate (OI), toluene diisocyanate (TDI), diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI), and their derivatives and polymers. It also presents the most commonly used nanocellulose modification strategies including their advantages and disadvantages. It finally discusses the challenges of using isocyanates, in general, for nanocellulose modification.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document