Light Weight Ceramic Composites from Laminated Paper Structures

2008 ◽  
pp. 129-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Sieber ◽  
H. Friedrich ◽  
J. Zeschky ◽  
P. Greil
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Light Weight

Preparation and Characterization of Ceramic Waste-Based Geopolymer Ceramic Composites for Substrate Culture Application

2019 ◽  
Vol 798 ◽  
pp. 194-199
Author(s):  
Kannikar Kaewapai ◽  
Narumon Lertcumfu ◽  
Pharatree Jaita ◽  
Supalak Manotham ◽  
Tawee Tunkasiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Additional Method ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

The present study focuses on the new application of geopolymer ceramic composites as substrate cultures, resulting from the geopolymer properties being similar to those of the substrate cultures such as water absorption, non-biodegradation, high porosity, and light weight. The geopolymers were synthesized from ceramic wastes and metakaolin using the geopolymerization method via a reaction with an alkaline solution. To compare usefulness for substrate culture applications, the porosity of different samples was varied. Moreover, the properties of all samples were investigated using an additional method of verification. The chemical characteristics were evaluated by FT-IR spectroscopy. The microstructures, pore sizes, pore distributions and surface areas of the pores were examined with image analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The densities were determined using the Archimedes’ method. The porosity and water absorption were also measured. The mechanical properties were investigated by using a compression testing machine.

scholarly journals Utilizing Iron as Reinforcement to Enhance Ambient Mechanical Response and Impression Creep Response of Magnesium

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1448
Author(s):  
Subramanian Jayalakshmi ◽  
Seetharaman Sankaranarayanan ◽  
Ramachandra Arvind Singh ◽  
Rajashekhara Shabadi ◽  
Manoj Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Hot Extrusion ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Impression Creep ◽  
Metal Composites ◽  
Metal Metal ◽  
Low Solubility ◽  
Strength And Ductility

To realize light-weight materials with high strength and ductility, an effective route is to incorporate strong and stiff metallic elements in light-weight matrices. Based on this approach, in this work, magnesium–iron (Mg-Fe) composites were designed and characterized for their microstructure and mechanical properties. The Mg-Fe binary system has extremely low solubility of Fe in the Mg-rich region. Pure magnesium was incorporated with 5, 10, and 15 wt.% Fe particles to form Mg-Fe metal–metal composites by the disintegrated melt deposition technique, followed by hot extrusion. Results showed that the iron content influences (i) the distribution of Fe particles in the Mg matrix, (ii) grain refinement, and (iii) change in crystallographic orientation. Mechanical testing showed that amongst the composites, Mg-5Fe had the highest hardness, strength, and ductility due to (a) the uniform distribution of Fe particles in the Mg matrix, (b) grain refinement, (c) texture randomization, (d) Fe particles acting as effective reinforcement, and (e) absence of deleterious interfacial reactions. Under impression creep, the Mg-5Fe composite had a creep rate similar to those of commercial creep-resistant AE42 alloys and Mg ceramic composites at 473 K. Factors influencing the performance of Mg-5Fe and other Mg metal–metal composites having molybdenum, niobium, and titanium (elements with low solubility in Mg) are presented and discussed.

Microstructural Evaluation of Silicon Carbide Whisker Reinforced Alumina Fabricated with Carbon-Coated Whiskers

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 920-921
Author(s):  
K. B. Alexander ◽  
P. F. Becher
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Interface Debonding ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Microstructural Evaluation ◽  
Carbon Coated ◽  
Electron Energy Loss ◽  
Interfacial Films ◽  
Debonding Process

The presence of interfacial films at the whisker-matrix interface can significantly influence the fracture toughness of ceramic composites. The film may alter the interface debonding process though changes in either the interfacial fracture energy or the residual stress at the interface. In addition, the films may affect the whisker pullout process through the frictional sliding coefficients or the extent of mechanical interlocking of the interface due to the whisker surface topography.Composites containing ACMC silicon carbide whiskers (SiCw) which had been coated with 5-10 nm of carbon and Tokai whiskers coated with 2 nm of carbon have been examined. High resolution electron microscopy (HREM) images of the interface were obtained with a JEOL 4000EX electron microscope. The whisker geometry used for HREM imaging is described in Reference 2. High spatial resolution (< 2-nm-diameter probe) parallel-collection electron energy loss spectroscopy (PEELS) measurements were obtained with a Philips EM400T/FEG microscope equipped with a Gatan Model 666 spectrometer.

HREM interface studies in SiC-whisker-reinforced Al2O3 and Si3N4 ceramics

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 734-735
Author(s):  
W. Braue ◽  
R.W. Carpenter ◽  
D.J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Data ◽  
Base Material ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
Sic Whiskers ◽  
Base Composite ◽  
C 30 ◽  
Si3n4 Ceramics

Whisker and fiber reinforcement has been established as an effective toughening concept for monolithic structural ceramics to overcome limited fracture toughness and brittleness. SiC whiskers in particular combine both high strength and elastic moduli with good thermal stability and are compatible with most oxide and nonoxide matrices. As the major toughening mechanisms - crack branching, deflection and bridging - in SiC whiskenreinforced Al2O3 and Si3N41 are critically dependent on interface properties, a detailed TEM investigation was conducted on whisker/matrix interfaces in these all-ceramic- composites.In this study we present HREM images obtained at 400 kV from β-SiC/α-Al2O3 and β-SiC/β-Si3N4 interfaces, as well as preliminary analytical data. The Al2O3- base composite was hotpressed at 1830 °C/60 MPa in vacuum and the Si3N4-base material at 1725 °C/30 MPa in argon atmosphere, respectively, adding a total of 6 vt.% (Y2O3 + Al2O3) to the latter to promote densification.

Microstructure of an extruded rapidly solidified Al-8Fe-2Mo alloy

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 548-549
Author(s):  
W. T. Donlon ◽  
J. E. Allison ◽  
S. Shinozaki
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Al Alloys ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Strength And Durability ◽  
Rapidly Solidified ◽  
Whitney Aircraft

Light weight materials which possess high strength and durability are being utilized by the automotive industry to increase fuel economy. Rapidly solidified (RS) Al alloys are currently being extensively studied for this purpose. In this investigation the microstructure of an extruded Al-8Fe-2Mo alloy, produced by Pratt & Whitney Aircraft, Goverment Products Div. was examined in a JE0L 2000FX AEM. Both electropolished thin sections, and extraction replicas were examined to characterize this material. The consolidation procedure for producing this material included a 9:1 extrusion at 340°C followed by a 16:1 extrusion at 400°C, utilizing RS powders which have also been characterized utilizing electron microscopy.

Biomimetic materials: An introduction

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1020-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sarikaya ◽  
J. T. Staley ◽  
I. A. Aksay
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Structural Control ◽  
Hierarchical Structures ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Length Scale ◽  
Spider Webs ◽  
Biomimetic Materials ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
All Ceramic

Biomimetics is an area of research in which the analysis of structures and functions of natural materials provide a source of inspiration for design and processing concepts for novel synthetic materials. Through biomimetics, it may be possible to establish structural control on a continuous length scale, resulting in superior structures able to withstand the requirements placed upon advanced materials. It is well recognized that biological systems efficiently produce complex and hierarchical structures on the molecular, micrometer, and macro scales with unique properties, and with greater structural control than is possible with synthetic materials. The dynamism of these systems allows the collection and transport of constituents; the nucleation, configuration, and growth of new structures by self-assembly; and the repair and replacement of old and damaged components. These materials include all-organic components such as spider webs and insect cuticles (Fig. 1); inorganic-organic composites, such as seashells (Fig. 2) and bones; all-ceramic composites, such as sea urchin teeth, spines, and other skeletal units (Fig. 3); and inorganic ultrafine magnetic and semiconducting particles produced by bacteria and algae, respectively (Fig. 4).

Observation of solid-state reaction between a thin yttria film and a (0001) α-alumina substrate

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 644-645
Author(s):  
J. R. Heffelfinger ◽  
C. B. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Yttrium Aluminum Garnet ◽  
Secondary Phase ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Alumina Substrate ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Alumina Fibers ◽  
Optical Applications

Transmission-electron microscopy (TEM), scanning-electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were used to investigate the solid-state reaction between a thin yttria film and a (0001) α-alumina substrate. Systems containing Y2O3 (yttria) and Al2O3 (alumina) are seen in many technologically relevant applications. For example, yttria is being explored as a coating material for alumina fibers for metal-ceramic composites. The coating serves as a diffusion barrier and protects the alumina fiber from reacting with the metal matrix. With sufficient time and temperature, yttria in contact with alumina will react to form one or a combination of phases shown by the phase diagram in Figure l. Of the reaction phases, yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) is used as a material for lasers and other optical applications. In a different application, YAG is formed as a secondary phase in the sintering of AIN. Yttria is added to AIN as a sintering aid and acts as an oxygen getter by reacting with the alumina in AIN to form YAG.

Characterization of microwave-sintered ceramic composites

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 1136-1137
Author(s):  
X. Zhang ◽  
Y. Pan ◽  
T.T. Meek
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Material ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Ceramic Matrix Composite ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
Structure Characterization ◽  
Alumina Powder ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Sintered Ceramic

Industrial microwave heating technology has emerged as a new ceramic processing technique. The unique advantages of fast sintering, high density, and improved materials properties makes it superior in certain respects to other processing methods. This work presents the structure characterization of a microwave sintered ceramic matrix composite.Commercial α-alumina powder A-16 (Alcoa) is chosen as the matrix material, β-silicon carbide whiskers (Third Millennium Technologies, Inc.) are used as the reinforcing element. The green samples consisted of 90 vol% Al2O3 powder and 10 vol% ultrasonically-dispersed SiC whiskers. The powder mixture is blended together, and then uniaxially pressed into a cylindrical pellet under a pressure of 230 MPa, which yields a 52% green density. The sintering experiments are carried out using an industry microwave system (Gober, Model S6F) which generates microwave radiation at 2.45 GHz with a maximum output power of 6 kW. The composites are sintered at two different temperatures (1550°C and 1650°C) with various isothermal processing time intervals ranging from 10 to 20 min.

Light-Weight Tire Concept

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-131
Author(s):  
F. Lux ◽  
H. Stumpf
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Performance Standards ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Lower Fuel Consumption ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
The Past ◽  
Tire Production

Abstract Current demands by the consumer, the automobile industry, and the environment have determined the basis of this investigation. In the past, the requirements—ever faster, ever sportier—were accepted as decisive parameters for the development of our study. In the future, rational and safety-related tire characteristics as well as environmental consciousness will increase, whereas purely performance-related parameters will diminish in their importance. Through our light-weight tire project, we have paved the way for future tire generations. The first priority is the minimal use of material resources; this means a reduction of materials and energy in tire production by using advanced design and production methods without sacrificing performance standards. This benefits the consumer—the final judge of all of our activities—by considerably reducing the rolling resistance, leading to lower fuel consumption. Further design targets include the improvement of rolling behavior and increased comfort by reducing tire weight, and therefore a reduction in unsprung masses on the vehicle.

Electrolytic analysis with platinum electrodes of light weight

1912 ◽  
Vol s4-34 (200) ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
F. A. Gooch ◽  
W. L. Burdick
Keyword(s):  
Light Weight ◽  
Platinum Electrodes
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