Appendix D: Particle Size-U.S. Sieve Size and Tyler Screen Mesh Equivalents

2012 ◽  
pp. 541-543
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Sieve Size ◽  
Screen Mesh

scholarly journals Effects of different grinding levels (particle size) of soybean hull on starting pigs performance and digestibility

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 1243-1252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Moreira ◽  
Marianne Kutschenko ◽  
Diovani Paiano ◽  
Cláudio Scapinelo ◽  
Alice Eiko Murakami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Soybean Hull ◽  
Quadratic Response ◽  
Screen Mesh ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

Two experiments were carried out to study the effects of grinding of soybean hulls (SH) on starting pigs (15-30 kg) diets. Experiment I consisted of a digestibility trial with 12 barrows, initial average body weight 21.9±1.29 kg, in which the best digestibility coefficient (DC) of DM and GE was obtained with SH ground through a 2.5mm screen mesh, evaluated for CP and ME, a best DC was attained with 3.0 mm screen mesh. In the Experiment II, five diets with increasing SH (2.5 mm) levels (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 %) for starting piglets were formulated. A quadratic response in daily weight gain (DWG) occurred, according to SH inclusion. Worst DWG occurred at 7.75 % SH inclusion. Daily feed intake, feed: gain ratio and plasma urea nitrogen were not affected by inclusion levels. In conclusion, although soybean hull grinding improves the digestible nutrients, inclusion of SH on starting pig diets is economically unfeasible.

scholarly journals Comparative Effectiveness of Flotation Technique at Varying Conditions for Beneficiation of Itakpe and Agbaja Iron Ores

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 708-714
Author(s):  
Serah Akande ◽  
Oladunni O. Alabi ◽  
E. O. Ajaka ◽  
Temitope Amos Olatunji
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Froth Flotation ◽  
Iron Ores ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sieve Size ◽  
Sodium Ethyl ◽  
Significant Enrichment ◽  
Iron Deposits ◽  
Flotation Technique

Itakpe and Agbaja iron ores are part of prominent iron deposits in Nigeria, yet studies on their beneficiation via froth flotation are relatively limited. Thus, this research investigated comparatively the flotation behaviour of both ores at varied pulp pH, particle size, and collector type. The ores were also examined using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Petrological, and fractional sieve size analyses. Fifty (50) kg sample each of the ores was sourced for the research. Then, size fractions (63, 75, and 125 mm) of each ore were prepared and subjected to froth flotation using different collectors; Potassium Amyl Xanthate (PAX), Sodium Ethyl Xanthate (SEX), and Oleic Acid, at varying pulp pH ranging from 9-11. From the results obtained Itakpe iron ore assayed 36.18% Fe2O3 and contains predominantly haematite, sillimanite, and quartz while Agbaja iron ore contains chiefly, quartz and haematite, and assayed 40.6% Fe2O3 alongside 1.505% P2O5. The liberation sizes of both ores lie favouraby in the range -125+75 µm. Beneficiation studies carried out revealed that significant enrichment of both ores was actualized. Thus, it was established that Itakpe iron ore is best processed using PAX at pH 11 and particle size of 125 µm yielding concentrates assaying 67.66% Fe2O3 at a recovery of ~90% while for Agbaja iron ore, PAX at pH 9 and particle size of 63 µm is considered best to yield enriched concentrates assaying 65.5% Fe2O3 at 52.5%.recovery.

scholarly journals Effect of Particle Size on the Aerobic and Anaerobic Digestion Characteristics of Whole Rice Straw

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3960
Author(s):  
Lina Luo ◽  
Youpei Qu ◽  
Weijia Gong ◽  
Liyuan Qin ◽  
Wenzhe Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Lignocellulose Degradation ◽  
Particle Size Reduction ◽  
Sieve Size ◽  
Volatile Solids

The effect of reducing particle size on physical properties, the methane yield and energy flow were investigated through the biochemical methane potential (BMP) experiment of aerobic-anaerobic digestion (AAD) of rice straw (RS). The whole straw was crushed through four sieves of different aperture sizes (1, 3, 5, and 7 mm) to obtain the actual and non-uniform particle size distribution (PSD). The results indicated that the actual particle sizes were normally or logarithmic normally distributed. Reducing particle size could significantly promote the aerobic hydrolysis and acidification process, increase the content of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) from 4408.78 to 6225.15 mg/L and the degradation of volatile solids (VS) from 40.56% to 50.49%. The results of path analysis suggested that particle size reduction played an important role in improving lignocellulosic degradability, which was the main factor affecting methane production with the comprehensive decision of 0.4616. The maximum methane production obtained at 1 mm sieve size was 176.47 mLCH4g−1 VS. The phyla of Firmicutes (61.5%), Proteobacteria (9.3%), Chloroflexi (8.3%), Bacteroidetes (4.1%), Cyanobacteria/Chloroplast (4.6%) were mainly responsible for VFAs production and lignocellulose degradation. However, the net negative energy balance was observed at the 1 mm sieve size due to the increased energy input. Therefore, the optimum sieve size for AAD was 3 mm.

An Intelligent System for Multi-Label Classification Based on Particle Size and Shape Features using a Cascade Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Izadi ◽  
Morteza Roostaei ◽  
Mohammad Soroush ◽  
Mohammad Mohammadtabar ◽  
Seyed Abolhassan Hosseini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Control Design ◽  
Cluster Center ◽  
Shape Features ◽  
Number Of Clusters ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Sieve Size ◽  
Sand Control ◽  
Self Adaptive

Abstract Intelligent systems are becoming more and more popular in the petroleum industry. Particle Size Distribution (PSD) based on sieve size is a key signature of the unconsolidated/weakly consolidated sandstone formations and is commonly the main parameter in the sand control design. With available extensive PSD measurement techniques and a large number of measurements, especially for horizontal wells, it is necessary to classify the PSDs prior to further analysis for the sand control design. On the other hand, PSD analysis is not enough for sand control design, and particle shapes need to be taken into account as well. A successful clustering algorithm for the mentioned purposes needs to be a cascade, multi-label, unsupervised and self-adaptive approach since the particles can be assigned to more than one group and there is no prior idea on how many clusters should be formed after the clustering process. Besides, due to the differences between sieve size and shape features, they should be used separately for clustering the particles. In the current study, a cascade approach is used for clustering the particles. In the first level of the cascade, an unsupervised and self-adaptive algorithm is introduced based on the sieve size features. The algorithm optimizes the number of clusters through a self-adaptive and incremental approach. The proposed clustering method uses a minimum similarity threshold (δ) as the only input parameter to start the clustering and tries to minimize the number of clusters during the clustering. In the second level of the cascade, the similarity between all particles in each cluster with their corresponding cluster-center is measured, and those particles that do not respect the δ in terms of the shape similarity, are moved out of the cluster. The novelty of the proposed method is in three folds. The first one is to provide a particle clustering algorithm, which works based on the whole range of the sizes and shape descriptors rather than focusing on certain points in the size graph (D-values). The second one is the dynamic nature of the clustering, which tends to optimize the number of clusters during the clustering process. The third one is that we have used a cascade approach for involving both size and shape parameters for the clustering. Our proposed method can be applied in field application for downhole monitoring and sand screen design.

The validity of the critical size theory for particles leaving the rumen

1980 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Poppi ◽  
B. W. Norton ◽  
D. J. Minson ◽  
R. E. Hendricksen
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Critical Size ◽  
Compartment Model ◽  
Particulate Material ◽  
Feed Material ◽  
Sieve Size ◽  
Two Compartment Model ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Two Stages

SummaryThree grasses and two legumes, each at two stages of maturity, were fed to three fistulated sheep and samples of the feed, and faeces and contents of the reticulo-rumen, abomasum and ileum were collected for the determination of particle size by wet sieving. Modulus of fineness (MF) was calculated for all particulate matter that failed to pass a 0·15 mm screen. Resistance to flow from the rumen of feed particles of different sizes was also calculated.The mean MF of the reticulo-rumen contents was 2·56 compared with 5·72 for the feed. Material leaving the rumen and found in the abomasum had a MF of 1·67 and subsequent changes were small and not significant; ileum 1·63, faeces 1·80. Particles greater than 1·18 mm passed out of the reticulo-rumen although the quantity was small (1–3%). The resistance to flow of particles of different sizes from the reticulo-rumen was closely related to particle size with no difference between grasses and legumes or between young and mature forages.It was concluded that in modelling the flow of particles from the reticulo-rumen a non-compartmentalized approach should be adopted, but if a simple two-compartment model is required then a critical sieve size of about 1·18 mm may be useful, since less than 5% of the particulate material is retained on this sieve size.

scholarly journals Effect of particle size on the froth floatation of Sokoto phosphate ore

10.30544/215 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
U.A. Hassan ◽  
S.A. Yaro ◽  
M. M. Abdulwahab ◽  
M.R. Dodo
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Pulp Density ◽  
Size Fractions ◽  
Particle Size Fractions ◽  
Phosphate Ore ◽  
Sieve Size ◽  
Flotation Cell ◽  
Effect Of Particle Size ◽  
Froth Floatation

Effect of particle size on the froth floatation of Sokoto phosphate ore for its beneficiation has been investigated and established. The research has been conducted using various reagents, pH(s) at different sieve size fractions. Bench scale flotation tests were carried out on -250+180μm, -180+106μm, -106+75μm, -75+45μm and -45+38μm particle size fractions after screening in order to determine the optimum flotation feed size distribution using 1 liter Denver flotation cell. The results of the scoping flotation studies using a conditioning Pulp Density of 60%Solids, pH9, 800g/t reagent dosage for AERO704 Promoter (Fatty Acid) and flotation pulp density of 28.5% Solids show that +106μm particle size gave the highest assay content of 20.4% P2O5 with a recovery of 76.2% compared to +38μm (19.9%P2O5 and recovery of 43.2%) and +180μm (19.4%P2O5 and 24.1% recovery) in their floats (concentrates) but with no perfect separation as the tailings fraction also contained similar grades with slight differences.

Microstructural characterization of laser-melted/roller-quenched dicalcium silicate

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 582-583
Author(s):  
C. J. Chan ◽  
K. R. Venkatachari ◽  
W. M. Kriven ◽  
J. F. Young
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Shape Change ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Particle Size Effect ◽  
Dicalcium Silicate ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Uniform Size ◽  
Cell Shape Change ◽  
Wide Range

Dicalcium silicate (Ca2SiO4) is a major component of Portland cement. It has also been investigated as a potential transformation toughener alternative to zirconia. It has five polymorphs: α, α'H, α'L, β and γ. Of interest is the β-to-γ transformation on cooling at about 490°C. This transformation, accompanied by a 12% volume increase and a 4.6° unit cell shape change, is analogous to the tetragonal-to-monoclinic transformation in zirconia. Due to the processing methods used, previous studies into the particle size effect were limited by a wide range of particle size distribution. In an attempt to obtain a more uniform size, a fast quench rate involving a laser-melting/roller-quenching technique was investigated.The laser-melting/roller-quenching experiment used precompacted bars of stoichiometric γ-Ca2SiO4 powder, which were synthesized from AR grade CaCO3 and SiO2xH2O. The raw materials were mixed by conventional ceramic processing techniques, and sintered at 1450°C. The dusted γ-Ca2SiO4 powder was uniaxially pressed into 0.4 cm x 0.4 cm x 4 cm bars under 34 MPa and cold isostatically pressed under 172 MPa. The γ-Ca2SiO4 bars were melted by a 10 KW-CO2 laser.

Analytical Electron Microscopy study of two vehicle-aged automotive exhaust catalysts having dissimilar activities

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 272-273
Author(s):  
Sooho Kim ◽  
M. J. D’Aniello
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Noble Metal ◽  
Catalyst Deactivation ◽  
Analytical Electron Microscopy ◽  
Microscopy Study ◽  
Metal Particles ◽  
Automotive Exhaust ◽  
Exhaust Catalysts ◽  
Analytical Electron

Automotive catalysts generally lose-agtivity during vehicle operation due to several well-known deactivation mechanisms. To gain a more fundamental understanding of catalyst deactivation, the microscopic details of fresh and vehicle-aged commercial pelleted automotive exhaust catalysts containing Pt, Pd and Rh were studied by employing Analytical Electron Microscopy (AEM). Two different vehicle-aged samples containing similar poison levels but having different catalytic activities (denoted better and poorer) were selected for this study.The general microstructure of the supports and the noble metal particles of the two catalysts looks similar; the noble metal particles were generally found to be spherical and often faceted. However, the average noble metal particle size on the poorer catalyst (21 nm) was larger than that on the better catalyst (16 nm). These sizes represent a significant increase over that found on the fresh catalyst (8 nm). The activity of these catalysts decreases as the observed particle size increases.

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