The Effect of Advanced Treatment Technologies on the Removal of Antibiotic Resistance

Author(s):  
Popi Karaolia ◽  
Stella Michael ◽  
Despo Fatta-Kassinos
Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 874
Author(s):  
Periyasamy Sivalingam ◽  
John Poté ◽  
Kandasamy Prabakar

Over the past decades, the rising antibiotic resistance bacteria (ARB) are continuing to emerge as a global threat due to potential public health risk. Rapidly evolving antibiotic resistance and its persistence in the environment, have underpinned the need for more studies to identify the possible sources and limit the spread. In this context, not commonly studied and a neglected genetic material called extracellular DNA (eDNA) is gaining increased attention as it can be one of the significant drivers for transmission of extracellular ARGS (eARGs) via horizontal gene transfer (HGT) to competent environmental bacteria and diverse sources of antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment. Consequently, this review highlights the studies that address the environmental occurrence of eDNA and encoding eARGs and its impact on the environmental resistome. In this review, we also brief the recent dedicated technological advancements that are accelerating extraction of eDNA and the efficiency of treatment technologies in reducing eDNA that focuses on environmental antibiotic resistance and potential ecological health risk.


Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan R. Bailey ◽  
Sajjad Ahmad ◽  
Jacimaria R. Batista

With an ever-increasing world population and the resulting increase in industrialization and agricultural practices, depletion of one of the world’s most important natural resources, water, is inevitable. Water reclamation and reuse is the key to protecting this natural resource. Water reclamation using smaller decentralized wastewater treatment plants, known as satellite water reuse plants (WRP), has become popular in the last decade. Reuse plants have stricter standards for effluent quality and require a smaller land footprint (i.e., real estate area). They also require additional treatment processes and advanced treatment technologies. This greatly increases the energy consumption of an already energy intensive process, accentuating even more the nexus between energy use and wastewater processing. With growing concerns over the use of nonrenewable energy sources and resulting greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, WRPs are in need of energy evaluations. This paper contrasts the energy consumption of both conventional and advanced treatment processes in satellite WRPs. Results of this research provide a means for engineers and wastewater utilities to evaluate unit processes based on energy consumption as well as a foundation for making decisions regarding the sustainability of using advanced treatment technologies at reuse facilities.


Author(s):  
G. Yashni ◽  
Adel Al-Gheethi ◽  
Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed ◽  
Siti Nor Hidayah Arifin ◽  
Siti Nor Aishah Mohd Salleh

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.T. Frankenberger, Jr. ◽  
C. Amrhein ◽  
T.W.M. Fan ◽  
D. Flaschi ◽  
J. Glater ◽  
...  

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali R. Ahmadi Motlagh ◽  
Stephen Lacy ◽  
Madan Arora ◽  
Jim Ross ◽  
Jeff Misenhimer

With shortage of water becoming a major concern in many areas, use of recycled water is a necessity for a growing number of municipalities. This paper describes a case study in which two alternatives were considered for upgrading an existing wastewater treatment plant with the goal of producing recycled water. The first alternative consisted of conventional secondary and tertiary unit processes while the second alternative included the advanced treatment technology of membrane bioreactor (MBR). Also, two alternatives were evaluated for disinfection of recycled water; chlorine gas and UV system. The more advanced treatment technologies (MBR + UV), which produce the higher quality recycled water, resulted in higher cost. The paper discusses the design and project execution approaches as how the more expensive advanced treatment processes were made cost competitive with the conventional treatment processes.


Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar Karnena ◽  
Saritha Vara

: Many studies reported the application of natural coagulants in removing pollutants with the help of the coagulation process, and coagulants showed their efficiency in comparison to the literature available. Yet, the utilization or acceptance of these coagulants in treating industrial wastewater is very low. Thus, there is a need for a strategy for enhancing the potential usage of coagulants for water treatment, presenting prevailing options and efforts for the development of coagulants. The utilization of coagulants can be improved by showing their efficiency in comparison to the advanced treatment technologies available in the present scenario. The coagulation efficiency with natural coagulants can be enhanced by mongrelizing the coagulants with other coagulants, enhancing the purity during extraction procedures, and by coalescence of coagulants. However, the research on natural coagulants are quite encouraging, perception of sustainable assessment studies revealed that commercialization/acceptance of coagulants for treatment options are hindered by their applicability and feasibility in real-time applications, and utilization of coagulants ignore the socioeconomic, ecological and technical aspects. The present review mainly focuses on the issues related to natural coagulants for clarifying the uncertainties and simultaneously moving the water industries to be more sustainable.


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