Unveiling the Nanoparticle‐Seeded Catalytic Nucleation Kinetics of Perovskite Solar Cells by Time‐Resolved GIXS

During the past decade, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has risen rapidly, and it now approaches the record for single crystal silicon solar cells. However, these devices still suffer from a problem of stability. To improve PSC stability, two approaches have been notably developed: the use of additives and/or post-treatments that can strengthen perovskite structures and the use of a nontypical architecture where three mesoporous layers, including a porous carbon backcontact without hole transporting layer, are employed. This paper focuses on 5-ammonium valeric acid iodide (5-AVAI or AVA) as an additive in methylammonium lead iodide (MAPI). By combining scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL), current–voltage measurements, ideality factor determination, and in-depth electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) investigations on various layers stacks structures, we discriminated the effects of a mesoscopic scaffold and an AVA additive. The AVA additive was found to decrease the bulk defects in perovskite (PVK) and boost the PVK resistance to moisture. The triple mesoporous structure was detrimental for the defects, but it improved the stability against humidity. On standard architecture, the PCE is 16.9% with the AVA additive instead of 18.1% for the control. A high stability of TiO2/ZrO2/carbon/perovskite cells was found due to both AVA and the protection by the all-inorganic scaffold. These cells achieved a PCE of 14.4% in the present work.

Download Full-text

Improving Electron Extraction Ability and Device Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells Using a Compatible PCBM/AZO Electron Transporting Bilayer

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano8090720 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 720 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Hang Dong ◽

Shangzheng Pang ◽

Yi Zhang ◽

Dazheng Chen ◽

Weidong Zhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solar Cells ◽

Perovskite Solar Cells ◽

Metal Electrode ◽

Extraction Ability ◽

Time Resolved ◽

Recombination Lifetime ◽

Transient Photovoltage ◽

Device Stability ◽

Hole Transporting ◽

Electron Extraction

Due to the low temperature fabrication process and reduced hysteresis effect, inverted p-i-n structured perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with the PEDOT:PSS as the hole transporting layer and PCBM as the electron transporting layer have attracted considerable attention. However, the energy barrier at the interface between the PCBM layer and the metal electrode, which is due to an energy level mismatch, limits the electron extraction ability. In this work, an inorganic aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) interlayer is inserted between the PCBM layer and the metal electrode so that electrons can be collected efficiently by the electrode. It is shown that with the help of the PCBM/AZO bilayer, the power conversion efficiency of PSCs is significantly improved, with negligible hysteresis and improved device stability. The UPS measurement shows that the AZO interlayer can effectively decrease the energy offset between PCBM and the metal electrode. The steady state photoluminescence, time-resolved photoluminescence, transient photocurrent, and transient photovoltage measurements show that the PSCs with the AZO interlayer have a longer radiative carrier recombination lifetime and more efficient charge extraction efficiency. Moreover, the introduction of the AZO interlayer could protect the underlying perovskite, and thus, greatly improve device stability.

Download Full-text

Sensitivity of mixed cation/halide perovskites to evaporation kinetics of DMSO at early stage

Journal of Materials Chemistry A ◽

10.1039/d1ta08462c ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

GYUMIN KIM ◽

Eun Seo Oh ◽

Ajay Kumar Jena ◽

Tsutomu Miyasaka

Keyword(s):

Solar Cells ◽

High Performance ◽

Early Stage ◽

Perovskite Solar Cells ◽

Inorganic Hybrid ◽

Hybrid Perovskite ◽

Annealing Step ◽

Halide Perovskites ◽

Kinetics Of ◽

Evaporation Kinetics

Controlling the evaporation kinetics of the perovskite precursor (EKP) during the thermal annealing step of organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (OIHPs) is important for achieving high performance. Although regulation of...

Download Full-text

Revealing Dynamic Effects of Mobile Ions in Halide Perovskite Solar Cells Using Time‐Resolved Microspectroscopy

Small Methods ◽

10.1002/smtd.202000731 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 2000731

Author(s):

Weijian Chen ◽

Zhixing Gan ◽

Martin A. Green ◽

Baohua Jia ◽

Xiaoming Wen

Keyword(s):

Solar Cells ◽

Perovskite Solar Cells ◽

Dynamic Effects ◽

Time Resolved ◽

Halide Perovskite ◽

Mobile Ions

Download Full-text

Generalized Activation Energy Spectrum Theory: A New Approach for modeling Structural Relaxation in Amorphous Solids

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-321-167 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 321 ◽

Author(s):

Jung H. Shin ◽

Harry A. Atwater

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Activation Energy ◽

Structural Relaxation ◽

Ad Hoc ◽

Amorphous Solids ◽

Nucleation Kinetics ◽

Crystal Silicon ◽

Time Resolved ◽

New Approach ◽

Kinetics Of

ABSTRACTA general approach to the dynamics of structural relaxation in amorphous solids is developed. A form of the recombination kinetics of defects is chosen which removes the ad hoc assumption made in previous theories that defects recombine only with others of identical activation energy. The generalized theory is tested quantitatively by modelling the structural relaxation of amorphous silicon, and comparing the results with the experimental data on structural relaxation. It is found that the generalized theory is necessary in order to accurately describe the time-resolved relaxation data. The generalized theory is also applied to estimate the effect of irradiation on the nucleation kinetics of crystal silicon, and is found to agree well with experimental data.

Download Full-text

Charge Injection Mechanism at Heterointerfaces in CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells Revealed by Simultaneous Time-Resolved Photoluminescence and Photocurrent Measurements

The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters ◽

10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b02847 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 954-960 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

Taketo Handa ◽

David M. Tex ◽

Ai Shimazaki ◽

Atsushi Wakamiya ◽

Yoshihiko Kanemitsu

Keyword(s):

Solar Cells ◽

Perovskite Solar Cells ◽

Charge Injection ◽

Time Resolved ◽

Injection Mechanism ◽

Time Resolved Photoluminescence

Download Full-text

Perovskite Solar Cells Yielding Reproducible Photovoltage of 1.20 V

Research ◽

10.34133/2019/8474698 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Essa A. Alharbi ◽

M. Ibrahim Dar ◽

Neha Arora ◽

Mohammad Hayal Alotaibi ◽

Yahya A. Alzhrani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solar Cells ◽

Charge Carrier ◽

Perovskite Solar Cells ◽

Precursor Solution ◽

Nonradiative Recombination ◽

Time Resolved ◽

Carrier Recombination ◽

Absorber Material ◽

Charge Carrier Recombination ◽

Conversion Efficiencies

High photovoltages and power conversion efficiencies of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) can be realized by controlling the undesired nonradiative charge carrier recombination. Here, we introduce a judicious amount of guanidinium iodide into mixed-cation and mixed-halide perovskite films to suppress the parasitic charge carrier recombination, which enabled the fabrication of >20% efficient and operationally stable PSCs yielding reproducible photovoltage as high as 1.20 V. By introducing guanidinium iodide into the perovskite precursor solution, the bandgap of the resulting absorber material changed minimally; however, the nonradiative recombination diminished considerably as revealed by time-resolved photoluminescence and electroluminescence studies. Furthermore, using capacitance-frequency measurements, we were able to correlate the hysteresis features exhibited by the PSCs with interfacial charge accumulation. This study opens up a path to realize new record efficiencies for PSCs based on guanidinium iodide doped perovskite films.

Download Full-text

Perovskite Solar Cells Yielding Reproducible Photovoltage of 1.20 V

Research ◽

10.1155/2019/8474698 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Essa A. Alharbi ◽

M. Ibrahim Dar ◽

Neha Arora ◽

Mohammad Hayal Alotaibi ◽

Yahya A. Alzhrani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solar Cells ◽

Charge Carrier ◽

Perovskite Solar Cells ◽

Precursor Solution ◽

Nonradiative Recombination ◽

Time Resolved ◽

Carrier Recombination ◽

Absorber Material ◽

Charge Carrier Recombination ◽

Conversion Efficiencies

High photovoltages and power conversion efficiencies of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) can be realized by controlling the undesired nonradiative charge carrier recombination. Here, we introduce a judicious amount of guanidinium iodide into mixed-cation and mixed-halide perovskite films to suppress the parasitic charge carrier recombination, which enabled the fabrication of >20% efficient and operationally stable PSCs yielding reproducible photovoltage as high as 1.20 V. By introducing guanidinium iodide into the perovskite precursor solution, the bandgap of the resulting absorber material changed minimally; however, the nonradiative recombination diminished considerably as revealed by time-resolved photoluminescence and electroluminescence studies. Furthermore, using capacitance-frequency measurements, we were able to correlate the hysteresis features exhibited by the PSCs with interfacial charge accumulation. This study opens up a path to realize new record efficiencies for PSCs based on guanidinium iodide doped perovskite films.

Download Full-text