Lighting the Path: Light Delivery Strategies to Activate Photoresponsive Biomaterials In Vivo

Nature has become one of the main sources of exploration for researchers that search for new potential molecules to be used in therapy. Polyphenols are emerging as a class of compounds that have attracted the attention of pharmaceutical and biomedical scientists. Thanks to their structural peculiarities, polyphenolic compounds are characterized as good scavengers of free radical species. This, among other medicinal effects, permits them to interfere with different molecular pathways that are involved in the inflammatory process. Unfortunately, many compounds of this class possess low solubility in aqueous solvents and low stability. Ocular pathologies are spread worldwide. It is estimated that every individual at least once in their lifetime experiences some kind of eye disorder. Oxidative stress or inflammatory processes are the basic etiological mechanisms of many ocular pathologies. A variety of polyphenolic compounds have been proved to be efficient in suppressing some of the indicators of these pathologies in in vitro and in vivo models. Further application of polyphenolic compounds in ocular therapy lacks an adequate formulation approach. Therefore, more emphasis should be put in advanced delivery strategies that will overcome the limits of the delivery site as well as the ones related to the polyphenols in use. This review analyzes different drug delivery strategies that are employed for the formulation of polyphenolic compounds when used to treat ocular pathologies related to oxidative stress and inflammation.

Download Full-text

Cytokine regulation of mucosal responses: a rational basis for new vaccine delivery strategies

Reproduction Fertility and Development ◽

10.1071/rd9940381 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 381 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

AJ Husband ◽

S Bao ◽

W Muir ◽

AJ Ramsay ◽

IA Ramshaw

Keyword(s):

Gene Therapy ◽

Vaccine Delivery ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Immune Network ◽

Rational Basis ◽

Cytokine Regulation ◽

Host Environment ◽

Delivery Strategies

In this review, cytokine regulation of mucosal responses is discussed in relation to the mucosal immune network and regulation of IgA responses. Based on this understanding, aspects of gene therapy for manipulation of the host environment and vaccine delivery systems are discussed. Although evidence obtained in vitro is briefly reviewed the general focus of this article is on evidence obtained from models in vivo.

Download Full-text

Hydrogels for light delivery in in vivo optogenetic applications

Novel Biophotonics Techniques and Applications V ◽

10.1117/12.2525324 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Sonja Johannsmeier ◽

Maria L. Torres-Mapa ◽

Tammo Ripken ◽

Dag Heinemann ◽

Alexander Heisterkamp

Keyword(s):

Light Delivery

Download Full-text

Photodynamic therapy with new sublingual sensitiser Photosoft®E4 for cancer: a case series

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.2-161.v1 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. 161

Author(s):

Karin Ried ◽

Avni Sali ◽

Michelle Wang ◽

Brian Meade ◽

Donald Murphy

Keyword(s):

Photodynamic Therapy ◽

Case Series ◽

Disease Status ◽

Future Research ◽

Tissue Pharmacokinetics ◽

Light Delivery ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Cancer Types ◽

Developed World

Background: An increasing number of patients seek complementary therapies for cancer treatment, the leading cause of death in the developed world. Photodynamic therapy (PDT), the combination of light and a photosensitiser agent, has provided some promising results in cancer therapy. New photosensitiser agents are continuously being developed to improve tolerability and effectiveness. There is a need to objectively evaluate clinical data from PDT patients.Methods: Here we report a case series using the new sublingually administered, chlorophyll-based photosensitiser Photosoft®E4 and an external laser light in a group of ten adult cancer patients not undergoing other concurrent therapies. PDT was administered for three treatment cycles with an average of 14 light treatments per patient, consisting of agent administration and laser treatment on alternate days over 3 months. Safety, tolerability and effectiveness on tumour palliation were monitored. Results: Patients in this study presented with a variety of cancer types and stages; half of the patients had breast cancer, and 40% had metastases. We found Photosoft®E4 to be safe and highly tolerable. However, overall disease status was not improved in our group of patients. Conclusions: Future research is required to determine the bioavailability of Photosoft®E4 and its uptake in tumour tissue, pharmacokinetics and dosing regimen, as well as the best mode of light delivery for the in vivo sensitiser activation.

Download Full-text

Differences in Therapeutic Efficacy in Pancreatic Cancer Between Interstitial and Superficial Light Delivery Strategies in Targeted Photo Therapy

10.1101/408021 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Nzola De Magalhães ◽

Keyword(s):

Pancreatic Cancer ◽

Mouse Model ◽

Low Dose ◽

Near Infrared ◽

High Dose ◽

Signal Recovery ◽

Light Delivery ◽

Fixed Power ◽

Delivery Strategies

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine if therapeutic efficacy of a Cetuximab based near-infrared (NIR) targeted photo therapy (TPT) was dependent on light delivery strategies. We examined the cytotoxic effects of TPT in a pancreatic cancer mouse model, when administered to tumors interstitially and superficially.A subcutaneous mouse model of pancreatic cancer using BXPC-3 -GFP cells was established in male athymic (nu/nu) mice. The mice received intravenous (IV) injection of Cetuximab-IR700DX, 24 hours prior to near-infrared light irradiation. Interstitial illumination was administered at a 400mW/cm fixed power output, at a light dose of 100 J/cm to half the mice and at 300 J/cm to the remaining mice. Superficial illumination was administered at a 150mw/cm2 fixed power density at a dose of 50 J/cm2 to half the mice, and at 250 J/cm2 to the other half. Cellular damage and decrease in cell viability was determined by the decrease in GFP fluorescence intensity levels in whole animal images and in relative intensity measurements.Interstitially administered TPT resulted in greater long-term permanent damage (72 hours post treatment) to tumor cells (0% recovery at low dose, and 11% recovery at high dose) compared to superficially administered TPT (1% recovery at low dose, and 44% recovery at high dose). While these results demonstrated that near-infrared targeted photo therapy efficacy was dependent on the type of light delivery strategy, overall, both superficial and interstitial Cet-IR700DX based near-infrared targeted photo therapy can effect significant long-term damage (less signal recovery) to pancreatic cancer cells in vivo at lower doses regimens, compared to higher dose regimens (higher signal recovery).

Download Full-text

Delivery strategies of RNA therapeutics for ex vivo and in vivo B-cell malignancies

10.1016/b978-0-323-85781-9.00005-1 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 117-146

Author(s):

Lior Stotsky ◽

Dana Tarab ◽

Dan Peer

Keyword(s):

B Cell ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

B Cell Malignancies ◽

Delivery Strategies

Download Full-text

In vitro and in vivo effects of PDGF-BB delivery strategies on tendon healing: a review

10.22203/ecm.v034a02 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 34 ◽

pp. 15-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

O Evrova ◽

◽

J Buschmann

Keyword(s):

Tendon Healing ◽

Delivery Strategies ◽

In Vivo Effects

Download Full-text

The In Vivo Effect of Transcellular Permeation Enhancers on the Intestinal Permeability of Two Peptide Drugs Enalaprilat and Hexarelin

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics12020099 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 99 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

David Dahlgren ◽

Markus Sjöblom ◽

Mikael Hedeland ◽

Hans Lennernäs

Keyword(s):

Intestinal Permeability ◽

Sodium Dodecyl ◽

Peptide Drugs ◽

Permeation Enhancers ◽

Enhanced Absorption ◽

Oral Peptide Delivery ◽

Small Model ◽

Delivery Strategies

Permeation enhancers like sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and caprate increase the intestinal permeability of small model peptide compounds, such as enalaprilat (349 Da). However, their effects remain to be investigated for larger low-permeability peptide drugs, such as hexarelin (887 Da). The objective of this single-pass perfusion study in rat was to investigate the effect of SDS at 5 mg/mL and of caprate administered at different luminal concentrations (5, 10, and 20 mg/mL) and pH (6.5 and 7.4). The small intestinal permeability of enalaprilat increased by 8- and 9-fold with SDS at 5 mg/mL and with caprate at 10 and 20 mg/mL but only at pH 7.4, where the free dissolved caprate concentration is higher than at pH 6.5 (5 vs. 2 mg/mL). Neither SDS nor caprate at any of the investigated luminal concentrations enhanced absorption of the larger peptide hexarelin. These results show that caprate requires doses above its saturation concentration (a reservoir suspension) to enhance absorption, most likely because dissolved caprate itself is rapidly absorbed. The absent effect on hexarelin may partly explain why the use of permeation enhancers for enabling oral peptide delivery has largely failed to evolve from in vitro evaluations into approved oral products. It is obvious that more innovative and effective drug delivery strategies are needed for this class of drugs.

Download Full-text