scholarly journals Nanostructured Substrates for Detection and Characterization of Circulating Rare Cells: From Materials Research to Clinical Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1903663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiantong Dong ◽  
Jie‐Fu Chen ◽  
Matthew Smalley ◽  
Meiping Zhao ◽  
Zunfu Ke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Nanostructured Substrates ◽  
Rare Cells

scholarly journals Circulating Rare Cells: Nanostructured Substrates for Detection and Characterization of Circulating Rare Cells: From Materials Research to Clinical Applications (Adv. Mater. 1/2020)

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 2070008
Author(s):  
Jiantong Dong ◽  
Jie‐Fu Chen ◽  
Matthew Smalley ◽  
Meiping Zhao ◽  
Zunfu Ke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Nanostructured Substrates ◽  
Rare Cells

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization of Liposomes Modified with Biosurfactant MEL-A Loading Betulinic Acid and Its Anticancer Effect in HepG2 Cell

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (21) ◽  
pp. 3939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Shu ◽  
Jianan Wu ◽  
Qihe Chen
Keyword(s):  
Betulinic Acid ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Lipid A ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Anticancer Effect ◽  
Mannosylerythritol Lipid ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Effect Relation

As a novel natural compound delivery system, liposomes are capable of incorporating lipophilic bioactive compounds with enhanced compound solubility, stability and bioavailability, and have been successfully translated into real-time clinical applications. To construct the soy phosphatidylcholine (SPC)–cholesterol (Chol) liposome system, the optimal formulation was investigated as 3:1 of SPC to Chol, 10% mannosylerythritol lipid-A (MEL-A) and 1% betulinic acid. Results show that liposomes with or without betulinic acid or MEL-A are able to inhibit the proliferation of HepG2 cells with a dose-effect relation remarkably. In addition, the modification of MEL-A in liposomes can significantly promote cell apoptosis and strengthen the destruction of mitochondrial membrane potential in HepG2 cells. Liposomes containing MEL-A and betulinic acid have exhibited excellent anticancer activity, which provide factual basis for the development of MEL-A in the anti-cancer applications. These results provide a design thought to develop delivery liposome systems carrying betulinic acid with enhanced functional and pharmaceutical attributes.

3D MR Neurography

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (03) ◽  
pp. 409-417
Author(s):  
Omid Khalilzadeh ◽  
Laura M. Fayad ◽  
Shivani Ahlawat
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Tissue Characterization ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Mr Neurography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Neurography ◽  
Technical Considerations ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Diseases

AbstractHigh-resolution isotropic volumetric three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) techniques enable multiplanar depiction of peripheral nerves. In addition, 3D MRN provides anatomical and functional tissue characterization of different disease conditions affecting the peripheral nerves. In this review article, we summarize clinically relevant technical considerations of 3D MRN image acquisition and review clinical applications of 3D MRN to assess peripheral nerve diseases, such as entrapments, trauma, inflammatory or infectious neuropathies, and neoplasms.

Tisi2 Characterization of CVD-Titanium and RTP on a Cluster Platform–an Initial Investigation

1995 ◽  
Vol 387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven D. Marcus ◽  
Lutz Deutschmann
Keyword(s):  
Phase Formation ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Silicon Wafers ◽  
Initial Investigation ◽  
Chemical Vapor Deposited ◽  
Research Corporation ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Cluster Tool

AbstractThe silicidation of chemical vapor deposited (CVD) titanium has been investigated utilizing the Materials Research Corporation (MRC) PHOENIX™ cluster-tool platform which incorporated an AST elektronik GmbH cluster RTP chamber. This initial investigation focuses on C49 and C54 TiSi2 phase formation on bare silicon wafers. Equipment description, process results, comparison to classical PVD Ti silicide processing and future investigations will be presented.

scholarly journals Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging of the prostate: current concepts

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 292-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Kayat Bittencourt ◽  
Daniel Hausmann ◽  
Natalia Sabaneeff ◽  
Emerson Leandro Gasparetto ◽  
Jelle O. Barentsz
Keyword(s):  
Biological Properties ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diagnostic Confidence ◽  
Membrane Turnover ◽  
Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Weighted Sequences

Multiparametric MR (mpMR) imaging is rapidly evolving into the mainstay in prostate cancer (PCa) imaging. Generally, the examination consists of T2-weighted sequences, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) evaluation, and less often proton MR spectroscopy imaging (MRSI). Those functional techniques are related to biological properties of the tumor, so that DWI correlates to cellularity and Gleason scores, DCE correlates to angiogenesis, and MRSI correlates to cell membrane turnover. The combined use of those techniques enhances the diagnostic confidence and allows for better characterization of PCa. The present article reviews and illustrates the technical aspects and clinical applications of each component of mpMR imaging, in a practical approach from the urological standpoint.

scholarly journals Characterization of Streptomyces padanus JAU4234, a Producer of Actinomycin X2, Fungichromin, and a New Polyene Macrolide Antibiotic

2011 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 589-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Qiang Xiong ◽  
Zhi-Ping Zhang ◽  
Jiang-Huai Li ◽  
Sai-Jin Wei ◽  
Guo-Quan Tu
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Macrolide Antibiotic ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Jiangxi Province ◽  
Polyene Macrolide ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Polyene Macrolide Antibiotic ◽  
Streptomyces Padanus

ABSTRACTStrain JAU4234, identified asStreptomyces padanus, was isolated from soil collected in Jiangxi Province, China. It produced actinomycin X2, fungichromin, and a new polyene macrolide compound with antifungal activity, antifungalmycin 702. Antifungalmycin 702 had good general antifungal activity and may have potential future agricultural and/or clinical applications.

scholarly journals Towards a Comprehensive Variation Benchmark for Challenging Medically-Relevant Autosomal Genes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Wagner ◽  
Nathan D Olson ◽  
Lindsay Harris ◽  
Jennifer McDaniel ◽  
Haoyu Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Method Development ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Accurate Analysis ◽  
Short Read ◽  
Short Read Sequencing ◽  
Repetitive Nature ◽  
Long Read ◽  
Comprehensive Characterization

The repetitive nature and complexity of multiple medically important genes make them intractable to accurate analysis, despite the maturity of short-read sequencing, resulting in a gap in clinical applications of genome sequencing. The Genome in a Bottle Consortium has provided benchmark variant sets, but these excluded some medically relevant genes due to their repetitiveness or polymorphic complexity. In this study, we characterize 273 of these 395 challenging autosomal genes that have multiple implications for medical sequencing. This extended, curated benchmark reports over 17,000 SNVs, 3,600 INDELs, and 200 SVs each for GRCh37 and GRCh38. We show that false duplications in either GRCh37 or GRCh38 result in reference-specific, missed variants for short- and long-read technologies in medically important genes including CBS, CRYAA, and KCNE1. Our proposed solution improves variant recall in these genes from 8% to 100%. This benchmark will significantly improve the comprehensive characterization of these medically relevant genes and guide new method development.

scholarly journals Use of Computed Tomography Scan Technology to Explore the Porosity of Concrete: Scientific Possibilities and Technological Limitations

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 8699
Author(s):  
Miguel Angel Vicente ◽  
Álvaro Mena ◽  
Jesús Mínguez ◽  
Dorys Carmen González
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Mercury Porosimetry ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Technological Limitations ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Concrete Matrix ◽  
Tomography Scan

This paper shows the scientific possibilities of computed tomography for the study of concrete porosity. The enormous technological advances in computed tomography equipment used in materials research, with increasingly higher energy, better resolution and smaller pixel size will allow, in the near future, viewing pore sizes that are currently unthinkable, competing in resolution with the traditional techniques of mercury porosimetry and nitrogen adsorption. The challenge at that time (and to a lesser extent today) will be how to extract as much information as possible from the large amount of data provided by computed tomography equipment. In this article, through the study of six cubic specimens of 40 mm sides, different techniques of extraction and presentation of the information are shown, which help us to better understand the characterization of the morphology and distribution of the pores inside the concrete matrix. This information is essential to understand some of the macroscopic responses of the concrete.

scholarly journals CellSIUS provides sensitive and specific detection of rare cell populations from complex single cell RNA-seq data

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebekka Wegmann ◽  
Marilisa Neri ◽  
Sven Schuierer ◽  
Bilada Bilican ◽  
Huyen Hartkopf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Differentiation Protocol ◽  
Layer V ◽  
Retzius Cells ◽  
Rare Cells ◽  
Cell Cycle Status

AbstractComprehensive benchmarking of computational methods for single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis is scarce. Using a modular workflow and a large dataset with known cell composition, we benchmarked feature selection and clustering methodologies for scRNA-seq data. Results highlighted a methodology gap for rare cell population identification for which we developed CellSIUS (Cell Subtype Identification from Upregulated gene Sets). CellSIUS outperformed existing approaches, enabled the identification of rare cell populations and, in contrast to other methods, simultaneously revealed transcriptomic signatures indicative of the rare cells’ function. We exemplified the use of our workflow and CellSIUS for the characterization of a human pluripotent cell 3D spheroid differentiation protocol recapitulating deep-layer corticogenesis in vitro. Results revealed lineage bifurcation between Cajal-Retzius cells and layer V/VI neurons as well as rare cell populations that differ by migratory, metabolic, or cell cycle status, including a choroid plexus neuroepithelial subgroup, revealing previously unrecognized complexity in human stem cell-derived cellular populations.

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