Tm 2+ Activated SrB 4 O 7 Bifunctional Sensor of Temperature and Pressure—Highly Sensitive, Multi‐Parameter Luminescence Thermometry and Manometry

2021 ◽  
pp. 2101507
Author(s):  
Teng Zheng ◽  
Małgorzata Sójka ◽  
Marcin Runowski ◽  
Przemysław Woźny ◽  
Stefan Lis ◽  
...  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 380-386
Author(s):  
Sarah Akintola ◽  
Emmanuel Folorunsho ◽  
Oluwakunle Ogunsakin

Liquid condensation in gas-condensate pipelines in a pronounced phenomenon in long transporting lines because of the composition of the gas which is highly sensitive to variations in temperature and pressure along the length of the pipeline. Hence, there is a resultant liquid accumulation in onshore wet-gas pipelines because of the pipeline profile. This accumulation which is a flow assurance problem can result to pressure loss, slugging and accelerated pipeline corrosion if not properly handled.


2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (17) ◽  
pp. 1800552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica Sekulić ◽  
Vesna Đorđević ◽  
Zoran Ristić ◽  
Mina Medić ◽  
Miroslav D. Dramićanin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Sullivan ◽  
Yang Chao ◽  
Sandra Boetcher ◽  
Mark Ricklick

Abstract The impact of measurement uncertainty on heat transfer coefficient correlations for supercritical CO2 is investigated. Selection of appropriate temperature- and pressure-dependent reference quantities for these correlations, such as thermal conductivity, appears to have a large effect on predicting heat transfer rates. Supercritical CO2 work heavily depends on tabular real fluid property data, which show that fluid properties have very large gradients with respect to temperature and pressure near the critical point. The sharp gradients imply heat transfer predictions are highly sensitive to the accuracy of temperature and pressure experimental measurements in this region. Root sum of squares (RSS) uncertainties of various property values indicate predictably large (on the order of 1000%) uncertainties in calculated Reynolds, Prandtl, and Nusselt numbers near the critical point. Interestingly, uncertainties remain several times the calculated value for operating pressures (between 7.5 and 8.5 MPa) common in the experimental literature, highlighting a need for careful application of correlations near the pseudocritical line, and the benefits of presenting dimensional data in the literature.


2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (44) ◽  
pp. 17652-17661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro P. Ravaro ◽  
Tiago. R. Almeida ◽  
Rodrigo Q. Albuquerque ◽  
Andrea S. S. de Camargo

The polynuclear complex Cu4I4py4 has been largely studied in solution and in the powder form due to its interesting luminescent properties, which are largely dependent on temperature and pressure.


2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 2804-2813
Author(s):  
Prashant Shukla ◽  
Pooja Saxena ◽  
Devinder Madhwal ◽  
Nitin Bhardwaj ◽  
V. K. Jain

Commercially available high quality 9B pencil graphite was used for sensing of trace concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ammonia (NH3) at sub-ppm levels in air at ambient temperature and pressure.


2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (21) ◽  
pp. 2471-2474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunlong Bai ◽  
Yanhui Qi ◽  
Yue Dong ◽  
Shuisheng Jian

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Malina ◽  
Haili Hu ◽  
Jochen Landgraf ◽  
Ben Veihelmann

Abstract. Retrievals of methane isotopologues have the potential to differentiate between natural and anthropogenic methane sources types, which can provide much needed information about the current global methane budget. We investigate the feasibility of retrieving the second most abundant isotopologue of atmospheric methane (13CH4, roughly 1.1 % of total atmospheric methane) from the Shortwave Infrared (SWIR) channels of the future Sentinel 5/UVNS and current Copernicus Sentinel 5 Precursor TROPOMI instruments. With the intended goal of calculating the δ13C ratio, we assume that a δ13C uncertainty of better than 10 ‰ is sufficient to differentiate between source types, which corresponds to a 13CH4 uncertainty of <0.2 ppb. Using the well established Information Content analysis techniques and assuming clear sky, non-scattering conditions, we find that the SWIR3 (2305–2385 nm) channel on the TROPOMI instrument can achieve a mean uncertainty of <1 ppb, while the SWIR1 channel (1590–1675 nm) on the Sentinel 5 UVNS instrument can achieve <0.68 ppb. These uncertainties combined with modest spatial and/or temporal averaging techniques can reduce δ13C uncertainty to the target magnitude or better. However, we find that 13CH4 retrievals are highly sensitive to errors in a priori knowledge of temperature and pressure, and accurate knowledge of these profiles are required before 13CH4 retrievals can be performed on TROPOMI and future Sentinel 5/UVNS data.


Author(s):  
Jianxin Zhu ◽  
Xuedong Chen ◽  
Zhibin Ai ◽  
Weihe Guan ◽  
Lijian Zhuang ◽  
...  

The production of low density polyethylene (LDPE) with tubular reactor process always involves ultra high pressure (up to 310 MPa (3059 atm)) and medium temperature (normally less than 310°C (590 F)). As polymerization is highly sensitive to temperature and pressure fluctuation, emergency relief valves are required to prevent the runaway of a reaction (C2H4 decomposition, a strongly exothermal reaction). The pressure increase during decomposition develops rapidly (normally in several second). The pressure relief speed plays an important role in the safety integrity of reactor. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the evaluation of safety integrity of tubular reactor by taking process deviation and pressure relief requirement into consideration, and to determine the safety requirement specification of the emergency relief. A state of the art analysis is proposed in this paper. The time-dependent pressure fluctuation and relief capacity, as well as various decomposition scenarios during emergency pressure relief are studied. The analysis is then used to determine the required redundancy of the emergency relief valves. The probability of failure on demand (PFD) of multi-valve relief operation is calculated with the classic reliability model. The pressure fluctuation due to emergency pressure relief is calculated with a proven-in-use relief model. Necessary assumptions are made about the relief operation. It is concluded that 2 out of 5 (2005) emergency relief valves are sufficient for the emergency pressure relief in order to prevent the overpressurization of the tubular reactor under a given condition that the emergency relief valve fully opens in less than 3 seconds.


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