scholarly journals In vitro seed germination response of corn hybrids to osmotic stress conditions

age ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Hunt Walne ◽  
Annabeth Gaudin ◽  
W. Brien Henry ◽  
Kambham Raja Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Germination Response

scholarly journals IDENTIFICATION OF DROUGHT TOLERANT WHEAT GENOTYPES UNDER WATER DEFICIT CONDITIONS

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaid Chachar ◽  
N. A. Chachar ◽  
Q.I. Chachar ◽  
S.M Mujtaba ◽  
G.A Chachar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Maximum Reduction ◽  
Drought Tolerant

Climate change is emerging phenomena and causing frequent drought which lead to scaricity of water, which ultimately nagetively affecting wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) yield all around the world. The aim of this study was to explore the potential deought tolerant wheat genotypes for candidate genes exploration. This study was conducted during the year 2014-2015 at Plant Physiology Division, Nuclear Institute of Agriculture (NIA) Tandojam. The six wheat genotypes (cv. MT-1/13, MT-2/13, MT-3/13, MT-4/13 Chakwal-86 and Khirman) were investigated for their response at germination and seedling stage under different water stress treatments (0, -0.5, -0.75 and -1.0 MPa) in controlled conditions. The results of experiments with reference to genotypes revealed that genotype Chakwal-86 shows maximum seed germination (82.58 %), while the genotype Khirman shows maximum shoot length  (7.23 cm), root length  (15.1 cm), shoot fresh wt. (5.85 g 10-1shoots), root fresh wt.  (3.45 g 10-1roots), shoot dry wt. (1.33 g 10-1shoots), root dry wt. (0.69 g 10-1roots). Among the genotypes tested Khirman and MT-4/13 are the tolerant genotypes had the potential to perform better under drought conditions, whereas  MT-4/13 and Chakwal-86 were moderate tolerant under water stress conditions. Moreover, the genotypes i.e. MT-1/13 and MT-2/13 are the sensitive genotypes under drought environment. It is concluded from present in-vitro studies that osmotic stress significantly reduced the seed germination shoot/root length fresh and dry weight in all six wheat genotypes. The maximum reduction was found at higher osmotic stress induced by PEG-6000 (-1.0 MPa) significantly.

Developing a Screening Tool for Osmotic Stress Tolerance Classification of Rice Cultivars Based on In Vitro Seed Germination

Crop Science ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 387-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhupinder Singh ◽  
K. Raja Reddy ◽  
Edilberto D. Redoña ◽  
Timothy Walker
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Osmotic Stress Tolerance

scholarly journals Effect of in vitro and in vivo induction of polyethelene glycol-mediated osmotic stress on hybrid taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott)

2006 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manas Ranjan Sahoo ◽  
Madhumita DasGupta ◽  
Archana Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
Polyethelene Glycol

Taro hybrid TSL (Topi X Satasankha), along with its parental lines, was evaluated for stress tolerance under in vitro and in vivo polyethelene glycol (PEG) -mediated osmotic stress conditions. Aseptic cultures were raised in vitro under control and PEG-mediated stress conditions. Stress index for survival and growth parameters like rooting ability in cultures and number of leaves produced per plantlet revealed the better response of hybrid lineTSL than its parental lines. The plantlets were hardened and transferred to pots for evaluation of morpho-physico-biochemical parameters under PEG-mediated osmotic stress conditions. Significant variations were observed in stress index for plant height. number of leaves, leaf area, % relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll stability mdex (CSI), % injury by dessication and yield. Decline in biochemical traits like protein content but increase in catalase and peroxidase activities was observed under the osmotic stress conditions. Less variation in morpho-physico-biochemical characters were recorded in TSL under stress conditions as compared to its parents. The hybrid line-TSL showed tolerance to osmotic stress with a minimum yield reduction. TSL can be used for the future breeding program for the development of drought tolerant lines and can become the source of favorable genes for drought tolerance in taro.

Micronized fibres affect in vitro fermentation under normal buffered and osmotic stress conditions using porcine inocula

2015 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 1138-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Aumiller ◽  
R. Mosenthin ◽  
F. Rink ◽  
K. Hartung ◽  
E. Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
In Vitro Fermentation

scholarly journals Betaine Modulates Rumen Archaeal Community and Functioning during Heat and Osmotic Stress Conditions In Vitro

Archaea ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Mubarik Mahmood ◽  
Ratchaneewan Khiaosa-ard ◽  
Qendrim Zebeli ◽  
Renée M. Petri
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Fibrous Materials

Rumen archaea play an important role in scavenging ruminal hydrogen (H2) and thus facilitate rumen fermentation. They require optimum temperature and osmolality for their growth and metabolism; however, a number of external factors may put archaea under heat and osmotic stress. Betaine is an osmolyte, molecular chaperone, and antioxidant; therefore, it bears potential to combat against these stressors. In this in vitro study, three betaine levels, namely, 0 (control), 51 (low), and 286 (high) ppm, were used. Each of these was subjected to two temperatures (39.5 and 42°C) and two osmolality conditions (295 and 420 mOsmol kg-1) with n = 6 per treatment. Sequencing analyses of the solid phase (which use solid materials containing primarily fibrous materials of low-density feed particles) and the liquid phase (rumen fermenter liquid) using 16S rRNA revealed that more than 99.8% of the ruminal archaea in fermenters belong to the phylum Euryarchaeota. At the genus level, Methanobrevibacter was the most prevalent in both phases, and Methanosaeta was only detected in the liquid phase. The genera Methanobrevibacter and Methanobacterium both showed a positive correlation with methane (CH4) formation in the liquid and solid phases, respectively ( P < 0.05 ). Heat stress increased the relative abundance of genus Methanimicrococcus at the expense of candidate archaeal genus Vadin CA11 ( P < 0.05 ). In the solid phase, osmotic stress significantly reduced the Shannon and Simpson indices of diversity, and relative abundance was higher for Methanobrevibacter at the expense of Methanimicrococcus. In the liquid phase, osmotic stress increased not only the abundance-based coverage estimator (ACE) and singles parameters of diversity but also the relative abundances of Methanosphaera and Methanobacterium. The overall decrease in all gas parameters and estimated metabolic hydrogen ([2H]) utilization was observed during osmotic stress conditions ( P < 0.05 ). Betaine enhanced the diversity of solid phase archaea as indicated by the increase in ACE and singles during heat stress, and only a high dose improved all diversity parameters in the liquid phase during osmotic stress ( P < 0.05 ). Thus, betaine alleviates the effects of heat stress and osmotic stress on the archaea community.

scholarly journals Water Status of Garlic Callus under Various Salt and Osmotic Stress Conditions

HortScience ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 404-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Ikeda ◽  
Yukihiro Fujime ◽  
Satoshi Terabayashi ◽  
Shuichi Date
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Callus Tissue ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Tissue Culture Media ◽  
Salt And Osmotic Stress

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) calli in vitro were evaluated over a range of salt concentrations and by adding mannitol to culture medium with reduced salt to provide equivalent osmoticum. The water potential of the medium ranged from -0.27 to -0.73 MPa under the various salt and osmotic stress conditions. The percent increase in calli was highest in standard Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium and was reduced when MS salts were reduced but the water potential of medium was adjusted to that of standard MS medium by addition of mannitol. The water potential of callus tissue was similar to that of tissue culture media over a 20-fold range (10% to 200%) of MS concentrations. Turgor of callus tissue was not influenced by any stress conditions. These results indicate that the optimum concentration of salt and water status of medium for formation of garlic calli was provided by standard MS medium.

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