scholarly journals Latitudinal clines in bud flush phenology reflect genetic variation in chilling requirements in balsam poplar, Populus balsamifera

2020 ◽  
Vol 107 (11) ◽  
pp. 1597-1605
Author(s):  
Ethan Thibault ◽  
Raju Soolanayakanahally ◽  
Stephen R. Keller
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Populus Balsamifera ◽  
Balsam Poplar ◽  
Chilling Requirements ◽  
Latitudinal Clines

scholarly journals Climatic niche predicts the landscape structure of locally adaptive standing genetic variation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram E. Chhatre ◽  
Karl C. Fetter ◽  
Andrew V. Gougherty ◽  
Matthew C. Fitzpatrick ◽  
Raju Y. Soolanayakanahally ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Latitudinal Gradients ◽  
Intraspecific Diversity ◽  
Climatic Niche ◽  
Selection Pressures ◽  
Balsam Poplar ◽  
Environmental Selection ◽  
Locally Adaptive ◽  
Spatially Varying

AbstractWithin a species’ range, intraspecific diversity in the form of adaptive standing genetic variation (SGV) may be non-randomly clustered into different geographic regions, reflecting the combined effects of historical range movements and spatially-varying natural selection. As a consequence of a patchy distribution of adaptive SGV, populations in different parts of the range are likely to vary in their capacity to respond to changing selection pressures, especially long-lived sessile organisms like forest trees. However, the spatial distribution of adaptive SGV across the landscape is rarely considered when predicting species responses to environmental change. Here, we use a landscape genomics approach to estimate the distribution of adaptive SGV along spatial gradients reflecting the expansion history and contemporary climatic niche of balsam poplar, Populus balsamifera (Salicaceae), a widely distributed forest tree with a transcontinental distribution in North America. By scanning the genome for signatures of spatially varying local adaptation, we estimated how adaptive SGV has been shaped by geographic distance from the rear range edge (expansion history) versus proximity to the current center of the climatic niche (environmental selection). We found that adaptive SGV was strongly structured by the current climatic niche, with surprisingly little importance attributable to historical effects such as migration out of southern refugia. As expected, the effect of the climatic niche on SGV was strong for genes whose expression is responsive to abiotic stress (drought), although genes upregulated under biotic (wounding) stress also contained SGV that followed climatic and latitudinal gradients. The latter result could reflect parallel selection pressures, or co-regulation of functional pathways involved in both abiotic and biotic stress responses. Our study in balsam poplar suggests that clustering of locally adaptive SGV within ranges primarily reflects spatial proximity within the contemporary climatic niche – an important consideration for the design of effective strategies for biodiversity conservation and avoidance of maladaptation under climate change.

scholarly journals Climate-driven local adaptation of ecophysiology and phenology in balsam poplar, Populus balsamifera L. (Salicaceae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Keller ◽  
Raju Y. Soolanayakanahally ◽  
Robert D. Guy ◽  
Salim N. Silim ◽  
Matthew S. Olson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Populus Balsamifera ◽  
Balsam Poplar

Effects of balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera) tannins and low molecular weight phenolics on microbial activity in taiga floodplain soil: implications for changes in N cycling during succession

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua P. Schimel ◽  
Keith Van Cleve ◽  
Rex G. Cates ◽  
Thomas P. Clausen ◽  
Paul B. Reichardt
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Secondary Compounds ◽  
N Cycling ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
N Fixation ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Populus Balsamifera ◽  
Floodplain Soil ◽  
Balsam Poplar ◽  
River Floodplains

The transition from alder (Alnus tenuifolia) to balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera) is a critical turning point in primary succession on river floodplains in interior Alaska. Associated with the change in plant species are large changes in N cycling. N-fixation and nitrification decrease and the system becomes N-limited, with NH4+ dominating the inorganic N pool. Balsam poplar leaves contain large quantities of tannins and low molecular weight phenolic compounds. We evaluated the effect of these compounds on microbial respiration and N cycling in laboratory assays on soils from an alder-dominated site. Plant compounds were purified and applied to silica gel as an inert carrier. Both tannins and phenolics caused net N-immobilization over a 30-day assay. However, tannins inhibited respiration while phenolics stimulated it. There were no specific effects on nitrification. Thus, tannins acted as a general microbial inhibitor, while phenolics acted as a growth substrate. By inhibiting mineralization while stimulating immobilization, poplar secondary compounds may reduce soil N-availability during the transition betwen alder and poplar stages in succession. Keywords: respiration, mineralization, tannins, secondary chemicals, succession, plant–microbe interactions.

scholarly journals Foliar Penetration of Picloram and 2,4-D in Aspen and Balsam Poplar

Weed Science ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Sharma ◽  
W. H. Vanden Born
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
High Relative Humidity ◽  
Populus Balsamifera ◽  
Cuticular Waxes ◽  
Adaxial Surface ◽  
Balsam Poplar ◽  
Detached Leaves ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid

Added surfactant (Atlox 210) at 1% (v/v) and high relative humidity enhanced the penetration of both 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid (picloram) and (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid (2,4-D) into detached leaves of aspen poplar (Populus tremuloides Michx.). The influence of added surfactant was greater for picloram and the dimethylamine of 2,4-D than for the ethyl or butoxyethanol ester of 2,4-D. Penetration of picloram and the dimethylamine of 2,4-D occurred more readily from the abaxial than from adaxial surfaces of leaves. The ethyl ester of 2,4-D penetrated equally readily from both leaf surfaces. Penetration of picloram and the dimethylamine of 2,4-D from the adaxial surface of leaves occurred readily in young leaves in early June. There was an increase in penetration in early July followed by a decrease in August and September to a level equal to or less than that in June. Penetration from the abaxial surface of leaves was nearly equal in June and July, but there was a gradual decrease in August and September. An increase in temperature from 10 to 25.5 or to 40.5 C resulted in a sharp increase in penetration of both picloram and 2,4-D under both low and high relative humidity. Autoradiographic evidence showed that movement of picloram within the leaf also was much more extensive at the higher temperatures. Partial removal of cuticular waxes from the adaxial surface of leaves with chloroform resulted in up to four-fold increases in penetration of picloram and 2,4-D. Differences in penetration rate of picloram between leaves of aspen poplar and balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera L.) did not account for reported differences in susceptibility between these two species.

scholarly journals Contemporary range position predicts the range‐wide pattern of genetic diversity in balsam poplar ( Populus balsamifera L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 1246-1257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew V. Gougherty ◽  
Vikram E. Chhatre ◽  
Stephen R. Keller ◽  
Matthew C. Fitzpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Populus Balsamifera ◽  
Balsam Poplar

scholarly journals Hormones and Heterosis in Hybrid Balsam Poplar (Populus balsamifera L.)

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Hu ◽  
Barb Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Stem Volume ◽  
Hybrid Vigour ◽  
Populus Balsamifera ◽  
Balsam Poplar ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cross Type

Balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera L.) is a transcontinental tree species in North America, making it an ideal species to study intra-specific hybrid vigour as a tool for increasing genetic gain in growth. We tested the hypothesis that intra-specific breeding of disparate populations of balsam poplar would lead to the expression of hybrid vigour and we determined the role of endogenous hormones linked to ecophysiological and growth performance. In September 2009, three field trials were established in Canada (two in Alberta (AB), i.e., Fields AB1 and AB2, and one in Quebec (QC), i.e., Field QC1) in conjunction with Alberta-Pacific Forest Industries Inc. and the Ministry of Forests, Wildlife and Parks, Quebec. Five male parents from each province as well as five female parents from QC and four female parents from AB were used for breeding intra-regional and inter-regional crosses. Based on a significant difference at year six for height and diameter, from the AB1 and AB2 field trials, the AB × QC cross-type was selected for further study. Cuttings from the AB × QC cross-type were grown in a randomized complete block design under near-optimal greenhouse conditions. Families were identified as slow- or fast-growing, and the relationship between hormone levels and growth performance of the genotypes within the families were examined. In late June, after 34 days of growth, internode tissue samples collected from each progeny were analyzed for gibberellic acids, indole-3-acetic acid, and abscisic acid content. Stem volume of two-month-old rooted cuttings, grown under optimal greenhouse conditions, was positively and significantly correlated with the photosynthetic rate, greenhouse growth, and stem volume of 8-year-old field-grown trees (Fields AB1 values: r = 0.629 and p = 0.012; AB2 values: r = 0.619 and p = 0.014, and QC1 values: r = 0.588 and p = 0.021, respectively). We determined that disparate and native populations of balsam poplar can be bred to produce superior progeny with enhanced stem growth traits.

Branch Abscission in Balsam Poplar (Populus balsamifera): Characterization of the Phenomenon and the Influence of Wind

1992 ◽  
Vol 153 (4) ◽  
pp. 556-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Dewit ◽  
David M. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Populus Balsamifera ◽  
Balsam Poplar

POPULUS BALSAMIFERA, BALSAM POPLAR

2014 ◽  
pp. 1832-1834
Author(s):  
Henry John Elwes ◽  
Augustine Henry
Keyword(s):  
Populus Balsamifera ◽  
Balsam Poplar

scholarly journals Gene expression trajectories during male and female reproductive development in balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Quentin Cronk ◽  
Raju Soolanayakanahally ◽  
Katharina Bräutigam
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Populus Balsamifera ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Balsam Poplar
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document