Mechanical properties of polypropylene/clay nanocomposites: Effect of clay content, polymer/clay compatibility, and processing conditions

2008 ◽  
pp. NA-NA ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Tarapow ◽  
C. R. Bernal ◽  
V. A. Alvarez
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
Processing Conditions

Structure and properties of styrene-butadiene rubber/ pristine clay nanocomposites prepared by latex compounding method

e-Polymers ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Abdollahi ◽  
Ali Rahmatpour ◽  
Jamal Aalaie ◽  
Homayon Hossein Khanli
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Layered Silicate ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Initial Modulus ◽  
Elastic Responses ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

AbstractStyrene- butadiene rubber (SBR)/ clay nanocomposites were prepared by mixing the SBR latex with aqueous clay dispersion and co-coagulating the mixture. Tapping mode AFM and XRD were applied to characterize the structure of nanocomposites. It was found that fully exfoliated structure could be obtained by this method only when the low loading of layered silicate (< 10 phr) is used. With increasing the clay content, both non-exfoliated (stacked layers) and exfoliated structures can be observed simultaneously in the nanocomposites. The results of mechanical tests on the vulcanized pure SBR and SBR/ clay nanocomposites showed that the nanocomposites presents better mechanical properties than clayfree SBR vulcanizate. Furthermore, initial modulus, tensile strength, tensile strain at break, hardness (shore A) and tear strength increased with increasing the clay content, indicating the nanoreinforcement effect of clay on the mechanical properties of SBR/ clay nanocomposites. Compared to the clay free SBR vulcanizate, the nanocomposite vulcanizates exhibit a lower tanδ peak value, higher storage modulus and higher tanδ value at the rubbery region (0-60 °C) which indicate that the elastic responses of pure SBR towards deformation are strongly influenced by the presence of nanodisperced natural sodium montmorillonite layers especially completely exfoliated silicate layers.

Structure and Mechanical Properties of Carboxylated Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (XSBR)/Pristine Clay Nanocomposites

e-Polymers ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Abdollahi ◽  
Ali Rahmatpour ◽  
Homayon Hossein Khanli
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Tensile Strain ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Carboxylated Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

AbstractCarboxylated styrene- butadiene rubber (XSBR)/clay nanocomposites were prepared by mixing the XSBR latex with aqueous clay dispersion and cocoagulating the mixture. TEM and XRD were applied to characterize the structure of nanocomposites. Fully exfoliated structure was observed for the nanocomposites containing equal to or less than 10 phr (weight parts per hundred) clay. With increasing the clay content to 20 phr, both non-exfoliated (stacked layers) and exfoliated structures can be observed simultaneously in the nanocomposites. The results of mechanical tests on the vulcanized clay-free XSBR and XSBR/clay nanocomposites showed that the nanocomposites present better mechanical properties than clay-free XSBR vulcanizate. Furthermore, modulus, tensile strength, tensile strain at break and hardness (shore A) increased with increasing the clay content, indicating the nanoreinforcement effect of clay on the mechanical properties of XSBR/ clay nanocomposites.

scholarly journals UPGRADATION OF UNSATURATED POLYESTER RESIN USING NANOCLAYS AND THE EFFECT OF PROCESS VARIABLES ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYESTER/CLAY NANOCOMPOSITES

2014 ◽  
pp. 117-122
Author(s):  
Nevil Johnson ◽  
Dr Deviprasad Varma P. R ◽  
Manoj George ◽  
Dr K.E George
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
Kaolinite Clay ◽  
Operating Variables ◽  
Vinyl Silane ◽  
Clay Aggregates ◽  
Clay Type

This paper addresses the effects of operating variables on mechanical properties of polyester/clay nanocomposites including tensile strength, percentage elongation etc. The variables were clay type, clay content, and prepolymer–clay mixing type. The experiments were carried out based on the design of experiments using statistical methods. The nanocomposites were synthesized via in situ polymerization of polyester and clay (dissolved using styrene monomer) with Methyl-ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP) as catalyst in Cobalt base accelerator. Unmodified Kaolinite clay and Vinyl silane modified clay are the two types of clay examined. The parameters studied, clay type and mixing method are found to have significant effects on mechanical properties. Polyester nanocomposites showed larger improvements in mechanical properties compared to pristine polyester, especially when sonicator type of mixing is employed due to the favorable shear forces exerted by polymer matrix on clay aggregates during polymer–clay mixing. It is observed that the stress and elongation at break of the nanocomposite samples can be optimized with a particular percentage of clay loading. Characterizations of the nano composites were also made using techniques like SEM.

scholarly journals Advancement of aliphatic polycarbonates with nanoclay addition: An overview

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Nur Azrini Ramlee ◽  
Nazirul Faiz Mat Noh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Promising Technique ◽  
Carbon Structure ◽  
Coating Application ◽  
Structure Flexibility ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Aliphatic polycarbonates are considered as newly developed biodegradable polymer, which results from a sustainable copolymerization of epoxides and carbon dioxide (CO2) process. These aliphatic carbonates have weak properties in terms of thermal stability and mechanical properties, due to its carbon structure flexibility, hence causing limitation to its applications. Up to date, studies on aliphatic polycarbonates are progressively conducted to maximize its opportunity as an alternative nanocomposite. This review was carried out to provide insights on the progression in producing aliphatic polycarbonates by incorporating various type of fillers to enhance physicochemical, thermal and mechanical properties of aliphatic polycarbonates. The results revealed that a blend of aliphatic polycarbonates/clay nanocomposites with low clay content up to 10 wt.% displayed improved glass transition temperature and thermal degradation in comparison with the pure one. The improved thermal stability was due to the nanoparticle’s dispersion into matrix of aliphatic polycarbonates. The mechanical properties such as Young’s Modulus and tensile strength of aliphatic polycarbonates were also improved with addition of nanoclay. The improvement of thermal and mechanical properties of aliphatic polycarbonates at low content of nanoclay proves that the addition of nanoclay into polymer matrix is a promising technique to design the properties of aliphatic polycarbonates particularly for the coating application as water and oxygen barrier film.  

Polyethylene/sepiolite clay nanocomposites: Effect of clay content, compatibilizer polarity, and molar mass on viscoelastic and dynamic mechanical properties

2017 ◽  
Vol 134 (33) ◽  
pp. 45197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishwa Pratap Singh ◽  
Vimal K.K. ◽  
Shashikant Sharma ◽  
Gurpreet Singh Kapur ◽  
Veena Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Molar Mass ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical

Polyethylene/Clay Nanocomposites Prepared in an Internal Mixer: Effect of Processing Variable on Mechanical Properties

2015 ◽  
Vol 1105 ◽  
pp. 46-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onny Ujianto ◽  
Margaret Jollands ◽  
Nhol Kao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Diffusion Mechanism ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Mixing Conditions ◽  
Material Degradation ◽  
Processing Variable ◽  
Internal Mixer ◽  
And Diffusion

Polymer/clay nanocomposites have been explored extensively over the last two decades. Many studies report nanocomposite properties. However, studies on the effect of processing conditions are still limited. This study evaluates the effect of rotor type, rotor rotation (rpm) and mixing time on mechanical properties of polyethylene organoclay composites. Samples were fabricated using two different rotors; roller and Banbury, in an internal batch mixer at various mixing conditions. The analysis shows that the Banbury rotor improved mechanical properties more than the roller rotor. Shear and diffusion mechanism, as well as material degradation, were the controlling factors at different processing conditions.

scholarly journals Preparation of PEO/Clay Nanocomposites Using Organoclay Produced via Micellar Adsorption of CTAB

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Gürses ◽  
Mehtap Ejder-Korucu ◽  
Çetin Doğar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Polyethylene Oxide ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Basal Distance ◽  
Ft Ir

The aim of this study was the preparation of polyethylene oxide (PEO)/clay nanocomposites using organoclay produced via micellar adsorption of cethyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and their characterisation by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, and the investigation of certain mechanical properties of the composites. The results show that the basal distance between the layers increased with the increasing CTAB/clay ratio as parallel with the zeta potential values of particles. By considering the aggregation number of CTAB micelles and interlayer distances of organo-clay, it could be suggested that the predominant micelle geometry at lower CTAB/clay ratios is an ellipsoidal oblate, whereas, at higher CTAB/clay ratios, sphere-ellipsoid transition occurs. The increasing tendency of the exfoliation degree with an increase in clay content may be attributed to easier diffusion of PEO chains to interlayer regions. FT-IR spectra show that the intensity of Si-O stretching vibrations of the organoclays (1050 cm−1) increased, especially in the ratios of 1.0 g/g clay and 1.5 g/g clay with the increasing CTAB content. It was observed that the mechanical properties of the composites are dependent on both the CTAB/clay ratios and clay content of the composites.

Variation of Mechanical Properties of Epoxy-Clay Nanocomposite with Sonication Time and Clay Loading

2011 ◽  
Vol 471-472 ◽  
pp. 496-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. Adinoyi ◽  
Necar Merah ◽  
Zuhair M. Gasem ◽  
N. Al-Aqeeli
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Strain ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
Mixing Process ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Sonication Time ◽  
Clay Loading ◽  
Nano Clay ◽  
Clay Type

Epoxy-clay nanocomposites have recently gained considerable attention due to their interesting physical, thermal and mechanical properties. These properties, however, depend on a number of parameters such as the clay type, clay modifying agent, polymer matrix and the adopted mixing process. In the current work, epoxy-clay nanocomposites were prepared from Araldite GY6010 CRS and Nanomer I.30E nanoclay using different sonication (mixing) periods (5 to 60 minutes) and different concentrations of clay (2 to 5%wt). The effect of sonication time and clay loading on the tensile and hardness properties of the resulting nanocomposites were investigated. The results showed that the ultimate strength and fracture strain of the nanocomposites were below that of the neat epoxy, but the elastic modulus was generally enhanced by the addition of the nano-clay content. Increasing the sonication time enhanced the tensile strength on the expense of reducing the modulus of elasticity. Hardness of the nanocomposites did not show significant change with either the addition of clay or processing under different sonication times.

scholarly journals The Roles of Process Parameters on Structures and Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene/Clay Nanocomposites

2019 ◽  
Vol 553 ◽  
pp. 012044
Author(s):  
Annisa Rifathin ◽  
Onny Ujianto ◽  
Nurul Jamilah ◽  
Afrinaldi Bambang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites

scholarly journals Effect of Organic Modifier Types on the Physical–Mechanical Properties and Overall Migration of Post-Consumer Polypropylene/Clay Nanocomposites for Food Packaging

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1502
Author(s):  
Eliezer Velásquez ◽  
Sebastián Espinoza ◽  
Ximena Valenzuela ◽  
Luan Garrido ◽  
María José Galotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
Organic Modifier ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Chemical Safety ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Fatty Food ◽  
Recycled Plastics ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

The deterioration of the physical–mechanical properties and loss of the chemical safety of plastics after consumption are topics of concern for food packaging applications. Incorporating nanoclays is an alternative to improve the performance of recycled plastics. However, properties and overall migration from polymer/clay nanocomposites to food require to be evaluated case-by-case. This work aimed to investigate the effect of organic modifier types of clays on the structural, thermal and mechanical properties and the overall migration of nanocomposites based on 50/50 virgin and recycled post-consumer polypropylene blend (VPP/RPP) and organoclays for food packaging applications. The clay with the most hydrophobic organic modifier caused higher thermal stability of the nanocomposites and greater intercalation of polypropylene between clay mineral layers but increased the overall migration to a fatty food simulant. This migration value was higher from the 50/50 VPP/RPP film than from VPP. Nonetheless, clays reduced the migration and even more when the clay had greater hydrophilicity because of lower interactions between the nanocomposite and the fatty simulant. Conversely, nanocomposites and VPP/RPP control films exhibited low migration values in the acid and non-acid food simulants. Regarding tensile parameters, elongation at break values of PP film significantly increased with RPP addition, but the incorporation of organoclays reduced its ductility to values closer to the VPP.

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