Wettability alteration of gas condensate reservoir rocks to gas wetness by sol-gel process using fluoroalkylsilane

2012 ◽  
Vol 128 (6) ◽  
pp. 4077-4085 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sharifzadeh ◽  
Sh. Hassanajili ◽  
M. R. Rahimpour
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Gas Condensate ◽  
Wettability Alteration ◽  
Reservoir Rocks ◽  
Sol Gel Process ◽  
Condensate Reservoir

scholarly journals Gas-Wetting Alteration by Fluorochemicals and Its Application for Enhancing Gas Recovery in Gas-Condensate Reservoirs: A Review

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiafeng Jin ◽  
Jinsheng Sun ◽  
Kesheng Rong ◽  
Kaihe Lv ◽  
Tuan A. H. Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Gas Condensate ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Wettability Alteration ◽  
Gas Reservoirs ◽  
Gas Recovery ◽  
Wellbore Pressure ◽  
Condensate Reservoir ◽  
The Difference

Gas-wetting alteration is a versatile and effective approach for alleviating liquid-blockage that occurs when the wellbore pressure of a gas-condensate reservoir drops below the dew point. Fluorochemicals are of growing interest in gas-wetting alteration because of their high density of fluorine groups and thermal stability, which can change the reservoir wettability into more favorable conditions for liquids. This review aims to integrate the overlapping research between the current knowledge in organic chemistry and enhanced oil and gas recovery. The difference between wettability alteration and gas-wetting alteration is illustrated, and the methods used to evaluate gas-wetting are summarized. Recent advances in the applications of fluorochemicals for gas-wetting alteration are highlighted. The mechanisms of self-assembling adsorption layers formed by fluorochemicals with different surface morphologies are also reviewed. The factors that affect the gas-wetting performance of fluorochemicals are summarized. Meanwhile, the impacts of gas-wetting alteration on the migration of fluids in the pore throat are elaborated. Furthermore, the Wenzel and Cassie-Baxter theories are often used to describe the wettability model, but they are limited in reflecting the wetting regime of the gas-wetting surface; therefore, a wettability model for gas-wetting is discussed. Considering the promising prospects of gas-wetting alteration, this study is expected to provide insights into the relevance of gas-wetting, surface morphology and fluorochemicals, further exploring the mechanism of flow efficiency improvement of fluids in unconventional oil and gas reservoirs.

scholarly journals Wettability alteration and enhanced gas condensate recovery by treatment of carbonate reservoir rock using supercritical R134A and R404A gases

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 3751-3766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman Nowrouzi ◽  
Abbas Khaksar Manshad ◽  
Amir H. Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Carbonate Reservoir ◽  
Gas Condensate ◽  
Reservoir Rock ◽  
Wettability Alteration ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Coated Nanoparticles ◽  
Condensate Reservoir

Abstract The pressure drop around the well in the production from a gas condensate reservoir causes the formation of condensate in the area before it reaches the well and surface space. This condensate and occasionally water in the porous medium can block the well and create an additional pressure drop. Studies show that the chemical treatment of this area eliminates the problem by altering the reservoir rock wettability toward a moderate and strong gasphilicity. For this purpose, fluoropolymers-, fluorosurfactants-, and fluorochemicals-coated nanoparticles can be used. In this work, we have studied two types of fluoride gas namely R134A and R404A, which are widely used in refrigeration industry as refrigerant gases, perfumery, and industrial detergents. The basis of this study was the aging of rock samples in thin sections and plugs in these two gases at different pressures above the critical pressures of them at 70 °C at different times and then conducting the contact angle experiments by placing the drop of water and condensate on the cross sections and then performing imbibition tests using plugs. The results show that in addition to the efficiency of both gases in wettability alteration to gasphilic, the gasphilic intensity obtained at constant temperature depends on the pressure and the aging time of the samples.

Study of production enhancement through wettability alteration in a super-giant gas-condensate reservoir

2017 ◽  
Vol 233 ◽  
pp. 64-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Sakhaei ◽  
Mohamad Mohamadi-Baghmolaei ◽  
Reza Azin ◽  
Shahriar Osfouri
Keyword(s):  
Gas Condensate ◽  
Wettability Alteration ◽  
Condensate Reservoir

Application of fluorinated nanofluid for production enhancement of a carbonate gas-condensate reservoir through wettability alteration

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 035008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Sakhaei ◽  
Reza Azin ◽  
Arefeh Naghizadeh ◽  
Shahriar Osfouri ◽  
Rahmatollah Saboori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Condensate ◽  
Wettability Alteration ◽  
Condensate Reservoir

The crystallization of thin-film ceramics

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 338-339
Author(s):  
J.M. Schwartz ◽  
L.F. Francis ◽  
L.D. Schmidt ◽  
P.S. Schabes-Retchkiman
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Processing Route ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Ceramic Thin Films ◽  
Complex Shapes ◽  
Sol Gel Process ◽  
Ceramic Precursors ◽  
Crystalline Ceramic

Ceramic thin films and coatings are of interest for electrical, optical, magnetic and thermal barrier applications. Critical for improved properties in thin films is the development of specific microstructures during processing. To this end, the sol-gel method is advantageous as a versatile processing route. The sol-gel process involves depositing a solution containing metalorganic or colloidal ceramic precursors onto a substrate and heating the deposited layer to form a crystalline or non-crystalline ceramic coating. This route has several advantages, including the ability to create tailored microstructures and properties, to coat large or small areas, simple or complex shapes, and to more easily prepare multicomponent ceramics. Sol-gel derived coatings are amorphous in the as-deposited state and develop their crystalline structure and microstructure during heat-treatment. We are particularly interested in studying the amorphous to crystalline transformation, because many key features of the microstructure such as grain size and grain size distribution may be linked to this transformation.

Epitaxial Growth of Sr0.3Ba0.7Nb2O6 Thin Films Prepared by Sol-Gel Process

1999 ◽  
Vol 606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keishi Nishio ◽  
Jirawat Thongrueng ◽  
Yuichi Watanabe ◽  
Toshio Tsuchiya
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Epitaxial Growth ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Tungsten Bronze ◽  
Monomethyl Ether ◽  
Tetragonal Tungsten Bronze ◽  
Sol Gel Process

AbstructWe succeeded in the preparation of strontium-barium niobate (Sr0.3Ba0.7Nb2O6 : SBN30)that have a tetragonal tungsten bronze type structure thin films on SrTiO3 (100), STO, or La doped SrTiO3 (100), LSTO, single crystal substrates by a spin coating process. LSTO substrate can be used for electrode. A homogeneous coating solution was prepared with Sr and Ba acetates and Nb(OEt)5 as raw materials, and acetic acid and diethylene glycol monomethyl ether as solvents. The coating thin films were sintered at temperature from 700 to 1000°C for 10 min in air. It was confirmed that the thin films on STO substrate sintered above 700°C were in the epitaxial growth because the 16 diffraction spots were observed on the pole figure using (121) reflection. The <130> and <310> direction of the thin film on STO were oriented with the c-axis in parallel to the substrate surface. However, the diffraction spots of thin film on LSTO substrate sintered at 700°C were corresponds to the expected pattern for (110).

UV Curable Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Materials

2000 ◽  
Vol 628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang-Way Jang ◽  
Ren-Jye Wu ◽  
Yuung-Ching Sheen ◽  
Ya-Hui Lin ◽  
Chi-Jung Chang
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Colloidal Silica ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Uv Curable ◽  
Inorganic Hybrid ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Sol Gel Process ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Thermal Degradation Temperature

This work successfully prepared an UV curable organic-inorganic hybrid material consisting of organic modified colloidal silica. Applications of UV curable organic-inorganic hybrid materials include abrasion resistant coatings, photo-patternable thin films and waveguides. Colloidal silica containing reactive functional groups were also prepared by reacting organic silane and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) using sol-gel process. In addition, the efficiency of grafting organic moiety onto silica nanoparticles was investigated by applying TGA and FTIR techniques. Experimental results indicated a strong interdependence between surface modification efficiency and solution pH. Acrylate-SiO2 hybrid formation could result in a shifting of thermal degradation temperature of organic component from about 200°C to near 400°C. In addition, the stability of organic modified colloidal silica in UV curable formula and the physical properties of resulting coatings were discussed. Furthermore, the morphology of organic modified colloidal silica was investigated by performing TEM and SEM studies‥

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