Prediction of diffusion in a ternary solvent-solvent-polymer blend by means of binary diffusion data: Comparison of experimental data and simulative results

2016 ◽  
Vol 133 (36) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Siebel ◽  
Philip Scharfer ◽  
Wilhelm Schabel
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Polymer Blend ◽  
Binary Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Data ◽  
Data Comparison ◽  
Solvent Solvent

scholarly journals In-beam tests of a PET demonstrator (LAPD) for hadrontherapy beam ballistic control: data comparison to Geant4 Monte-Carlo predictions

2020 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
pp. 09005
Author(s):  
Sébastien Binet ◽  
Arthur Bongrand ◽  
Emmanuel Busato ◽  
Christophe Insa ◽  
Daniel Lambert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Ion Beams ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Control Data ◽  
Data Comparison ◽  
Large Acceptance ◽  
Ballistic Control

This paper describes a small prototype of an in beam PET like detector, named ”Large Acceptance Pixelized Detector” (LAPD), developed to test technical concepts for the ion range control in the context of cancer treatments using proton or ion beams. The mechanical characteristics of this detector together with the read-out electronics are first presented. Then, results of a first experiment, performed on a 65 MeV proton beamline, are reported. Finally, we discuss the ability of Geant4 Monte-Carlo to reproduce the experimental data.

Simulation of Crosslink and Graft Mechanism of Hydrogenated-NBR/ZINC Di-Methacrylate Composites by Moving Die Rheometer

2002 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 943-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Sato ◽  
Akio Fujino ◽  
Sachio Hayashi ◽  
Motofumi Oyama ◽  
Katsumichi Ono
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Rate Constants ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Addition Reaction ◽  
Algorithm Optimization ◽  
Reaction Rate Constants ◽  
Data Comparison ◽  
Graft Reaction ◽  
Comparison With Experimental Data

Abstract This paper studies the crosslink and graft mechanism of hydrogenated-NBR/zinc di-methacrylate (HNBR/ZDMA) composites. The experiments to determine the rate constants of crosslink and graft reaction formulas are from Moving Die Rheometer (MDR) data. Comparison with experimental data and the solution of simultaneous ordinary differential equations for the crosslink and graft reactions are performed. Genetic algorithm optimization of the reaction rate constants allowed for simulation of crosslinking and graft reaction process. This simulation predicts that the HNBR/peroxide cure system will contain 0.1052-mole/l crosslink between matrix HNBR polymer at 2 phr.-peroxide concentration. The crosslink concentration of 0.1052-mole/l is composed of 0.0308-mole/l-addition reaction and 0.0744-mole/l-termination reaction. Moreover, the HNBR/ZDMA cure system contains 0.0148-mole/l graft of poly-ZDMA to HNBR and 0.0903-mole/l crosslink between matrix HNBR polymer at a 2 phr.-peroxide concentration.

Concentration fluctuations in water–methanol mixtures as studied by ultrasonic absorption

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. T. Dale ◽  
Peter A. Flavelle ◽  
Peeter Kruus
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Intermolecular Interactions ◽  
Vapour Pressure ◽  
Reasonable Agreement ◽  
Concentration Fluctuations ◽  
Ultrasonic Absorption ◽  
Diffusion Data ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Excess Absorption

Measurements of the ultrasonic absorption and velocity, and viscosity have been carried out in the system methanol–water at 0, 15, and 25 °C at frequencies from 10 to 50 MHz. The data show the existence of two maxima in the excess absorption as a function of composition. The existence of the two maxima are predicted by the Romanov–Solovyev theory relating the absorption to concentration fluctuations. The magnitude of the excess absorption is calculated at 25 and 0 °C from density, vapour pressure, and diffusion data. New experimental data on density and vapour pressure are presented for this system at 0 °C. The calculated excess absorption is in reasonable agreement with the measured. This indicates that any specific localized intermolecular interactions present in this system could be responsible for at best a smaller portion of the excess ultrasonic absorption, as longer range concentration fluctuations account for essentially all of the excess. Ultrasonic data on the systems methanol–octanol and n-propanol–water are also presented in the course of examining the generality of these phenomena.

scholarly journals New oil modified acrylic polymer for pH sensitive drug release: Experimental results and statistical analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 178-188
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar Chattopadhyay ◽  
Nimai Panja
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Polymer Blend ◽  
Decay Rates ◽  
Acrylic Polymer ◽  
Antibiotic Drug ◽  
Non Linear

We report results of an experimental study, complemented by detailed statistical analysis of the experimental data, on the development of a more effective control method of drug delivery using a pH sensitive acrylic polymer. New copolymers based on acrylic acid and fatty acid are constructed from dodecyl castor oil and a tercopolymer based on methyl methacrylate, acrylic acid and acryl amide were prepared using this new approach. Water swelling characteristics of fatty acid, acrylic acid copolymer and tercopolymer respectively in acid and alkali solutions have been studied by a step-change method. The antibiotic drug cephalosporin and paracetamol have also been incorporated into the polymer blend through dissolution with the release of the antibiotic drug being evaluated in bacterial stain media and buffer solution. Our results show that the rate of release of paracetamol getss affected by the pH factor and also by the nature of polymer blend. Our experimental data have later been statistically analyzed to quantify the precise nature of polymer decay rates on the pH density of the relevant polymer solvents. The time evolution of the polymer decay rates indicate a marked transition from a linear to a strictly non-linear regime depending on the whether the chosen sample is a general copolymer (linear) or a tercopolymer (non-linear). Non-linear data extrapolation techniques have been used to make probabilistic predictions about the variation in weight percentages of retained polymers at all future times, thereby quantifying the degree of efficacy of the new method of drug delivery.

scholarly journals CFD analysis of a multiplatform catamaran by means of a web-based application: Experimental data comparison for a fully automated analysis process

2021 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 102886
Author(s):  
Francesco Salvadore ◽  
Raffaele Ponzini ◽  
Javier Hernández Duque ◽  
Cristian Alcántara Reinaldos ◽  
Jordi Mas Soler
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Automated Analysis ◽  
Cfd Analysis ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Data Comparison ◽  
Analysis Process

The peridynamic model of viscoelastic creep and recovery

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Azim bin Azizi ◽  
Ahmad Kamal Ariffin bin Mohd Ihsan ◽  
Nik Abdullah bin Nik Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Creep Behaviour ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Viscoelastic Model ◽  
Creep Rupture ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Viscoelastic Creep ◽  
Data Comparison ◽  
Peridynamic Model ◽  
Optimal Values

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to establish a peridynamic method in predicting viscoelastic creep behaviour with recovery stage and to find the suitable numerical parameters of peridynamic method. Design/methodology/approach – A rheological viscoelastic creep constitutive equation including recovery and an elastic peridynamic equation (with integral basis) are examined and used. The elasticity equation within the peridynamic equation is replaced by the viscoelastic equation. A new peridynamic method with two time parameters, i.e. numerical time and viscoelastic real time is designed. The two parameters of peridynamic method, horizon radius and number of nodes per unit volume are studied to get their optimal values. In validating this peridynamic method, comparisons are made between numerical and analytical result and between numerical and experimental data. Findings – The new peridynamic method for viscoelastic creep behaviour is approved by the good matching in numerical-analytical data comparison with difference of < 0.1 per cent and in numerical-experimental data comparison with difference of 4-6 per cent. It can be used for further creep test which may include non-linear viscoelastic behaviour and creep rupture. From this paper, the variation of constants in Burger’s viscoelastic model is also studied and groups of constants values that can simulate solid, fluid and solid-fluid viscoelastic behaviours were obtained. In addition, the numerical peridynamic parameters were also manipulated and examined to achieve the optimal values of the parameters. Research limitations/implications – The peridynamic model of viscoelastic creep behaviour preferably should have only one time parameter. This can only be done by solving the unstable fluctuation of dynamic results, which is not discussed in this paper. Another limitation is the tertiary region and creep rupture are not included in this paper. Practical implications – The viscoelastic peridynamic model in this paper can serve as an alternative for conventional numerical simulations in viscoelastic area. This model also is the initial step of developing peridynamic model of viscoelastic creep rupture properties (crack initiation, crack propagation, crack branching, etc.), where this future model has high potential in predicting failure behaviours of any components, tools or structures, and hence increase safety and reduce loss. Originality/value – The application of viscoelastic creep constitutive model on peridynamic formulation, effect of peridynamic parameters manipulation on numerical result, and optimization of constants of viscoelastic model in simulating three types of viscoelastic creep behaviours.

Derivation of interionic potentials using embedded quantum-mechanical clusters: Cation and anion impurities in MgO

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 623-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravindra Pandey ◽  
Jun Zuo ◽  
A. Barry Kunz
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Activation Energy ◽  
Quantum Mechanical ◽  
Impurity Potential ◽  
Data Comparison ◽  
Defect Energies ◽  
Calculated Activation Energy ◽  
Calculated Activation

The ICECAP methodology is used to derive interionic potentials of some cation and anion impurities in MgO, namely, Li+, Na+, K+, Be2+, H−, S2−, and O2−. Analysis is given of the defect energies obtained by using the derived impurity potentials. Based on the available experimental data, comparison is made to justify the reliability of the derived impurity potential for Be2+. The calculated activation energy for Be2+ diffusion comes out to be 1.54 eV as compared to the experimental value of 1.60 eV, which is considered to be very satisfactory.

scholarly journals Green Processes for Green Products: The Use of Supercritical CO2 as Green Solvent for Compatibilized Polymer Blends

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Iqbal ◽  
Christiaan Mensen ◽  
Xiaohua Qian ◽  
Francesco Picchioni
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Glycidyl Methacrylate ◽  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Ternary Blend ◽  
Green Solvent ◽  
Data Comparison ◽  
Starch Blends ◽  
Made In

Polycaprolactone-g-glycidyl methacrylate (PCL-g-GMA), a reactive interfacial agent for PCL-starch blends, is synthesized using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) as reaction medium and relatively high molecular weight PCL (Mw = 50,000). Higher GMA and radical initiator intakes lead to higher functionalization degrees (FD) for PCL-g-GMA samples. A mathematical model is developed to describe the correlation between monomer and initiator intake and FD values. The model shows an excellent R2-value (0.978), which implies a good fit of the experimental data. Comparison of this model with a similar one for the reaction in the melt clearly indicates a better reaction efficiency in scCO2. Furthermore, GPC results show that less degradation occurred for samples made in scCO2. Finally, the use of the PCL-g-GMA made in scCO2 (as interfacial agent) in ternary blend of PCL/starch/PCL-g-GMA results in better mechanical properties with respect to those obtained by using the same graft-copolymer as prepared in the melt.

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