High Pressure Electrolyte Conductivity of the Homogeneous, Fluid Water-Sodium Hydroxide System to 400°C and 3000 bar

1995 ◽  
Vol 99 (9) ◽  
pp. 1091-1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Eberz ◽  
E.U. Franck
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Homogeneous Fluid ◽  
Electrolyte Conductivity

scholarly journals Single-Run Separation and Quantification of 14 Cannabinoids Using Capillary Electrophoresis

Separations ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Emil A. Zaripov ◽  
Tiah Lee ◽  
Yuchu Dou ◽  
Cory S. Harris ◽  
Artem Egorov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Capillary Electrophoresis ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Uv Detector ◽  
Good Separation ◽  
Method Performance ◽  
Cost Effective Alternative

Quantification of major cannabinoids in cannabis products is normally performed using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC)-based methods. We propose a cost-effective alternative method that successfully separates and quantifies 14 cannabinoids in a single run using capillary electrophoresis (CE) coupled with a UV detector in 18 min. The separation is carried out in 60% acetonitrile in the presence of 6.5 mM sodium hydroxide and 25 µM β-cyclodextrin, resulting in good separation of cannabinoids. Our CE method demonstrated the limit of detection between 1.2–1.8 µg/mL, with the linear range reaching up to 50 µg/mL. We validated the method performance by testing a plant extract and quantifying cannabinoid content. This method is the first to separate 14 cannabinoids in one run using a CE system with UV detection.

Dissolution kinetics of vanadium trioxide at high pressure in sodium hydroxide–oxygen systems

2011 ◽  
Vol 105 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 350-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Qiu ◽  
Chang Wei ◽  
Minting Li ◽  
Xuejiao Zhou ◽  
Chunxiong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Dissolution Kinetics ◽  
Vanadium Trioxide ◽  
Kinetics Of

scholarly journals Effect of physicochemical pretreatments and enzymatic hydrolysis on corn straw degradation and reducing sugar yield

BioResources ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 7002-7015
Author(s):  
Weiwei Huang ◽  
Erzhu Wang ◽  
Juan Chang ◽  
Ping Wang ◽  
Qingqiang Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Steam Explosion ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Wet Steam ◽  
Corn Straw ◽  
High Pressure Steam ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Pressure Steam

Straw lignocelluloses were converted to reducing sugar for possible use for bioenergy production via physicochemical pretreatments and enzymatic hydrolysis. The experiment was divided into 2 steps. The first step focused on breaking the crystal structure and removing lignin in corn straw. The lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose degradation rates observed were 92.2%, 73.7%, and 4.6%, respectively, after corn straw was treated with sodium hydroxide (3% w/w) plus high-pressure steam (autoclave), 74.8%, 72.5%, and 4.3% after corn straw was treated with sodium hydroxide (8%, w/w) plus wet steam explosion, compared with native corn straw (P < 0.05). The second step was enzymatic hydrolysis for the pretreated straw. The enzymatic hydrolysis could yield 576 mg/g reducing sugar and significantly degrade cellulose and hemicellulose contents by 93.3% and 94.4% for the corn straw pretreated with sodium hydroxide plus high-pressure steam. For the corn straw pretreated with sodium hydroxide plus wet steam explosion, the enzymatic hydrolysis could yield 508 mg/g reducing sugar, and degrade cellulose and hemicellulose contents by 83.5% and 84.2%, respectively, compared with the untreated corn straw (P<0.05). Scanning electron microscopy showed that the physicochemical pretreatments plus enzymatic hydrolysis degraded corn straw to many small molecules. Thus, physicochemical pretreatments plus enzymatic hydrolysis converted lignocellulose to reducing sugar effectively.

scholarly journals Determination of Soluble Bromine in an Extra-High-Pressure Mercury Discharge Lamp by Sodium Hydroxide Decomposition-Suppressed Ion Chromatography

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-307
Author(s):  
Hiroshi MITSUMATA ◽  
Toshio MORI ◽  
Tatsuo MAEDA ◽  
Yoshiyuki KITA ◽  
Osamu KOHATSU
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Ion Chromatography ◽  
Discharge Lamp

Comparison of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Multiple Beef Hide Decontamination Strategies To Reduce Levels of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella

2008 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 2223-2227 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRANDON A. CARLSON ◽  
JOHN RUBY ◽  
GARY C. SMITH ◽  
JOHN N. SOFOS ◽  
GINA R. BELLINGER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Sodium Sulfide ◽  
Sodium Metasilicate ◽  
Antimicrobial Efficacy ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
E Coli

This study involved a comparison of the antimicrobial efficacy of several beef hide decontamination interventions to identify those that more effectively reduced levels of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella. Whole beef hides were inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella and decontaminated with sprays of solutions of acetic acid (AA; 10%, 55°C), lactic acid (LA; 10%, 55°C), sodium hydroxide (SH; 3%, 23°C), sodium metasilicate (SM; 4%, 23°C), or sodium hydroxide (1.5%), followed by high-pressure washing with chlorinated (0.02%) water (SHC; both applied at 23°C) or water (W; 23°C) or by deluging with solutions of potassium cyanate (PC; 2.4%, 30°C) or sodium sulfide (SS; 6.2%, 30°C). All spraying treatments (AA, LA, SH, SM, and SHC) resulted in removal of visual organic material, whereas the dehairing treatments (PC and SS) successfully removed hair along with visual organic material. The PC, SS, and SHC treatments resulted in the greatest reductions of E. coli O157:H7 (P &lt; 0.05), by 5.1, 4.8, and 5.0 log CFU/cm2, respectively. The SS and SHC treatments decreased Salmonella by 4.2 and 4.4 log CFU/cm2, respectively, compared with the water treatment, which reduced levels by 1.7 log CFU/cm2 (P &lt; 0.05). The SH, AA, and LA treatments also lowered both E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella by at least 2.0 log CFU/cm2. The treatments that were effective in this study deserve further consideration for commercial implementation as hide decontamination interventions.

Some Considerations on the Electrolysis of Water from Sodium Hydroxide Solutions

2000 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward A. Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Saturation Pressure ◽  
Specific Conductance ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Metal Hydroxides ◽  
Process Heat ◽  
Pressure Hydrogen

The unusually high solubilities and thermal coefficients of solubility of the alkali metal hydroxides make them attractive candidates for high-temperature electrolytic processes to produce high-pressure hydrogen. The feasibility of using strong sodium hydroxide (to keep down the saturation pressure of the condensed phase) electrolysis (to facilitate the separation of the hydrogen from oxygen over a liquid phase) at high temperatures (to increase the energy efficiency by substitution of process heat for electric power) and to increase the production rate in a given cell (by increasing the specific conductance of the working fluid) is explored and discussed. Suggestions are made for future research.

Comparison of Acrylamide and Agar Gels by Freeze-Etching

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 606-607
Author(s):  
Russell L. Steere ◽  
Eric F. Erbe
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Chromic Acid ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Thin Sheets ◽  
Acid Cleaning ◽  
Agar Gels ◽  
Freeze Etching ◽  
Water Cut

Thin sheets of acrylamide and agar gels of different concentrations were prepared and washed in distilled water, cut into pieces of appropriate size to fit into complementary freeze-etch specimen holders (1) and rapidly frozen. Freeze-etching was accomplished in a modified Denton DFE-2 freeze-etch unit on a DV-503 vacuum evaporator.* All samples were etched for 10 min. at -98°C then re-cooled to -150°C for deposition of Pt-C shadow- and C replica-films. Acrylamide gels were dissolved in Chlorox (5.251 sodium hypochlorite) containing 101 sodium hydroxide, whereas agar gels dissolved rapidly in the commonly used chromic acid cleaning solutions. Replicas were picked up on grids with thin Foimvar support films and stereo electron micrographs were obtained with a JEM-100 B electron microscope equipped with a 60° goniometer stage.Characteristic differences between gels of different concentrations (Figs. 1 and 2) were sufficiently pronounced to convince us that the structures observed are real and not the result of freezing artifacts.

High-pressure freezing of cells in suspension for low-voltage scanning electron microscopy (LVSEM)

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 64-65
Author(s):  
Marek Malecki ◽  
James Pawley ◽  
Hans Ris
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Freeze Substitution ◽  
Ice Crystal ◽  
High Pressure Freezing ◽  
Cell Culture Media ◽  
Voltage Scanning

The ultrastructure of cells suspended in physiological fluids or cell culture media can only be studied if the living processes are stopped while the cells remain in suspension. Attachment of living cells to carrier surfaces to facilitate further processing for electron microscopy produces a rapid reorganization of cell structure eradicating most traces of the structures present when the cells were in suspension. The structure of cells in suspension can be immobilized by either chemical fixation or, much faster, by rapid freezing (cryo-immobilization). The fixation speed is particularly important in studies of cell surface reorganization over time. High pressure freezing provides conditions where specimens up to 500μm thick can be frozen in milliseconds without ice crystal damage. This volume is sufficient for cells to remain in suspension until frozen. However, special procedures are needed to assure that the unattached cells are not lost during subsequent processing for LVSEM or HVEM using freeze-substitution or freeze drying. We recently developed such a procedure.

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