scholarly journals The role of tectonic activity, topographic gradient and river flood events in the testina travertine (Acque Albule Basin, Tivoli, Central ITALY)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Scalera ◽  
Alessandro Mancini ◽  
Enrico Capezzuoli ◽  
Hannes Claes ◽  
Rudy Swennen
Keyword(s):  
Central Italy ◽  
Tectonic Activity ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Topographic Gradient ◽  
River Flood

scholarly journals The Role of Faults in Groundwater Circulation before and after Seismic Events: Insights from Tracers, Water Isotopes and Geochemistry

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1499
Author(s):  
Davide Fronzi ◽  
Francesco Mirabella ◽  
Carlo Cardellini ◽  
Stefano Caliro ◽  
Stefano Palpacelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preferential Flow ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Tracer Tests ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Tectonic Structures ◽  
Fault Systems ◽  
Isotopic Analyses ◽  
Before And After

The interaction between fluids and tectonic structures such as fault systems is a much-discussed issue. Many scientific works are aimed at understanding what the role of fault systems in the displacement of deep fluids is, by investigating the interaction between the upper mantle, the lower crustal portion and the upraising of gasses carried by liquids. Many other scientific works try to explore the interaction between the recharge processes, i.e., precipitation, and the fault zones, aiming to recognize the function of the abovementioned structures and their capability to direct groundwater flow towards preferential drainage areas. Understanding the role of faults in the recharge processes of punctual and linear springs, meant as gaining streams, is a key point in hydrogeology, as it is known that faults can act either as flow barriers or as preferential flow paths. In this work an investigation of a fault system located in the Nera River catchment (Italy), based on geo-structural investigations, tracer tests, geochemical and isotopic recharge modelling, allows to identify the role of the normal fault system before and after the 2016–2017 central Italy seismic sequence (Mmax = 6.5). The outcome was achieved by an integrated approach consisting of a structural geology field work, combined with GIS-based analysis, and of a hydrogeological investigation based on artificial tracer tests and geochemical and isotopic analyses.

scholarly journals Saving Up for a Rainy Day? Savings Groups and Resilience to Flooding in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Urban Forum ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Panman ◽  
Ian Madison ◽  
Nyambiri Nanai Kimacha ◽  
Jean-Benoît Falisse
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Group Model ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Community Initiatives ◽  
Qualitative Evidence ◽  
Flexible Form

AbstractThis paper explores the role of savings groups in resilience to urban climate-related disasters. Savings groups are a rapidly growing phenomenon in Africa. They are decentralized, non-institutional groups that provide millions of people excluded from the formal banking sector with a trusted, accessible, and relatively simple source of microfinance. Yet there is little work on the impacts of savings groups on resilience to disasters. In this paper, we use a combination of quantitative and qualitative evidence from Dar es Salaam (Tanzania) to shed new light on the role that savings groups play in helping households cope with climate-related shocks. Drawing on new data, we show that approximately one-quarter of households have at least one member in a group, and that these households recover from flood events faster than those who do not. We further argue that the structure of savings groups allows for considerable group oversight, reducing the high costs of monitoring and sanctioning that often undermine cooperative engagement in urban areas. This makes the savings group model a uniquely flexible form of financing that is well adapted to helping households cope with shocks such as repeated flooding. In addition to this, we posit that they may provide a foundation for community initiatives focusing on preventative action.

scholarly journals Otolaryngology activity in two hospitals in northern and central Italy differently affected by COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 003685042199848
Author(s):  
Antonio Minni ◽  
Francesco Pilolli ◽  
Massimo Ralli ◽  
Niccolò Mevio ◽  
Luca Roncoroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Geographical Differences ◽  
Italian Regions

The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic had a significant impact on the Italian healthcare system, although geographical differences were present; regions in northern Italy have been the most severely affected while regions in the south of the country were relatively spared. Otolaryngologists were actively involved in the management of the pandemic. In this work, we analyzed and compared the otolaryngology surgical activity performed during the pandemic in two large public hospitals located in different Italian regions. In northern Italy, otolaryngologists were mainly involved in performing surgical tracheotomies in COVID-19 positive patients and contributed to the management of these patients in intensive care units. In central Italy, where the burden of the infection was significantly lower, otolaryngologists focused on diagnosis and treatment of emergency and oncology patients. This analysis confirms the important role of the otolaryngology specialists during the pandemic, but also highlights specific differences between two large hospitals in different Italian regions.

The End of Sharecropping in Central Italy after 1945: The Role of Mechanisation in the Changing Relationship between Peasant Families and Land

Rural History ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
STUART OGLETHORPE
Keyword(s):  
Labour Supply ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Farming Families ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Push Factor

Abstract:This article focuses on the mechanisation of agriculture in central Italy in the thirty years or so after 1945. This provides a particular way of examining the major changes in the rural landscape in this period, especially the end of the sharecropping system. Land in these regions had for centuries been predominantly farmed under sharecropping contracts, but for political, economic, and demographic reasons this system, which had inhibited modernisation, entered a rapid decline. Whereas labour supply had previously exceeded demand, the reverse became the case, allowing sharecropping families more freedom in how they operated. Mechanisation was not a ‘push’ factor, but as the agricultural labour force contracted it was a necessary response. The article uses individual testimony to illustrate how tenant farmers started to work outside the sharecropping contract, some becoming outside contractors with other farms and supplying tractor hire. The mechanisation of agriculture was slow and uneven, but marked an irreversible change in the relationship between farming families and their land.

Wide variability in colorectal cancer screening uptake by general practitioner: Cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. 096914132110357
Author(s):  
Cecilia Acuti Martellucci ◽  
Maria E Flacco ◽  
Margherita Morettini ◽  
Giusi Giacomini ◽  
Matthew Palmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Screening Uptake

Objectives Despite several interventions, colorectal cancer (CRC) screening uptake remains below acceptable levels in Italy. Among the potential determinants of screening uptake, only a few studies analysed the role of general practitioners (GPs). The aim was to evaluate the variation in screening uptake of the clusters of subjects assisted by single GPs. Setting Ancona province, Central Italy. Methods Cross-sectional study, including all residents aged 50–69 years, who were offered the public screening programme with biannual faecal immunochemical tests. Demographic (of all GPs) and screening data (of all eligible residents) for years 2018–2019 were collected from the official electronic datasets of the Ancona Local Health Unit. The potential predictors of acceptable screening uptake, including GP's gender, age, and number of registered subjects, were evaluated using random-effect logistic regression, with geographical area as the cluster unit. Results The final sample consisted of 332 GP clusters, including 120,178 eligible subjects. The overall province uptake was 38.0% ± 10.7%. The uptake was lower than 30% in one-fifth of the GP clusters, and higher than 45% in another fifth. At multivariable analysis, the significant predictors of uptake were younger GP age ( p = 0.010) and lower number of registered subjects ( p < 0.001). None of the GP clusters with 500 subjects or more showed an uptake ≥45%. Conclusions The wide variation across GPs suggests they might substantially influence screening uptake, highlighting a potential need to increase their commitment to CRC screening. Further research is needed to confirm the role of the number of registered subjects.

scholarly journals Paleogene evolution and demise of the proto‐Paratethys Sea in Central Asia (Tarim and Tajik basins): Role of intensified tectonic activity at ca. 41 Ma

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Y. Kaya ◽  
Guillaume Dupont‐Nivet ◽  
Jean‐Noël Proust ◽  
Pierrick Roperch ◽  
Laurie Bougeois ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Tectonic Activity

Central Italian Elite Groups as Aristocratic Houses in the Ninth to Sixth Centuries BCE

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-40
Author(s):  
Matthew C Naglak ◽  
Nicola Terrenato
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Ancient World ◽  
Textual Evidence ◽  
New Models ◽  
Material Evidence ◽  
Theoretical Overview ◽  
House Society

This chapter demonstrates the applicability of C. Lévi-Strauss’s “House Society” model for considering the role of kinship in the early moments of state formation and urbanization in Iron Age Latium and Etruria. After a brief theoretical overview of the model, the discussion focuses on two main axioms which are often overlooked in the model’s application to the ancient world: (1) a physical house does not make a social House, and (2) a single House does not make a Society. This is followed by an overview of how material evidence from sites ranging from Vetulonia to Osteria dell’Osa and textual evidence from the Twelves Tables can be interpreted through the lens of a “House Society” to create new models for the development of complex social systems in central Italy.

scholarly journals Magnetic anomalies possibly linked to local low seismicity

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1567-1572 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Masci ◽  
P. Palangio ◽  
M. Di Persio
Keyword(s):  
Geomagnetic Field ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Magnetic Anomalies ◽  
Tectonic Activity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Tectonic Events ◽  
The City ◽  
Network Station ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Abstract. During the last twenty years a time-synchronized network of magnetometers has operated in Central Italy along the Apennine chain to monitor the magnetic field anomalies eventually related to the tectonic activity. At present time the network consists of five stations. In the past only few anomalies in the local geomagnetic field, possibly associated to earthquakes, has been observed, not least because the network area has shown a low-moderate seismic activity with the epicentres of the few events with Ml≥5 located away from the network station. During 2007 two Ml≈4 earthquakes occurred in proximity of two stations of the network. Here we report the magnetic anomalies in the geomagnetic field that could be related with these tectonic events. To better investigate these two events a study of ULF (ultra-low-frequency) emissions has been carried out on the geomagnetic field components H, D, and Z measured in L'Aquila Observatory during the period from January 2006 to December 2008. We want to stress that this paper refers to the period before the 2009 L'Aquila seismic sequence which main shock (Ml=5.8) of 6 April heavily damaged the medieval centre of the city and surroundings. At present time the analysis of the 2009 data is in progress.

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