The effect of creatine ingestion on urinary creatinine concentration – does supplementation mask a heavy dilution?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Franz ◽  
Gisela Skopp ◽  
Frank Musshoff
Keyword(s):  
Creatinine Concentration ◽  
Urinary Creatinine

Renal Injury in Sick Newborn Infants: A Prospective Evaluation Using Urinary β2-Microglobulin Concentrations

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 432-440
Author(s):  
Eric D. Tack ◽  
Jeffrey M. Perlman ◽  
Alan M. Robson ◽  
Cathy Hausel ◽  
Charles C. T. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Renal Injury ◽  
Confidence Limit ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Tubular Injury ◽  
Creatinine Concentration ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Urinary Creatinine ◽  
Β2 Microglobulin ◽  
Sick Newborn ◽  
Healthy Infants

Urinary concentrations of β2-microglobulin and creatinine were measured serially in 140 sick infants, of whom 109 were asphyxiated, and in 35 healthy preterm and term infants. First voided urines and samples from days 3 and 7 postpartum were studied. Urinary β2-microglobulin concentrations in healthy infants averaged 1.34 ± 1.34 mg/L (mean ± SD) in first voided specimens and 1.32 ± 0.98 mg/L in day 3 samples; the calculated upper limit of normal (95% confidence limit) was 4.00 mg/L. Elevated values (those exceeding the 95% confidence limit) occurred most often in the sick asphyxiated patients (56%); the first voided sample value in these patients was 10.0 ± 10.4 mg/L. The equivalent value in the sick nonasphyxiated infants was 8.32 ± 7.27 mg/L. Values were significantly and persistently elevated in the sick infants on days 3 and 7. Factoring β2-microglobulin levels by urinary creatinine concentration did not affect the significance of the findings. The increased urinary β2-microglobulin levels were not (1) related to gestational age; low β2-microglobulin values occurred at all gestational ages for both healthy and sick infants; (2) a consequence of urine flow rate; urinary β2-microglobulin did not correlate with urinary creatinine concentration or with urine to plasma creatinine ratio; and (3) a consequence of increased production of β2-microglobulin; urinary and serum β2-microglobulin values did not correlate (r = .03). Thus, we propose that the elevated levels of urinary β2-microglobulin in the sick infants were the consequence of tubular injury. This was associated with hematuria but not with a high incidence of azotemia or oliguria. In the most premature infants (<32 weeks), elevated urinary β2-microglobulin concentrations were associated with significantly increased urinary concentrations of sodium and potassium. These data suggest a higher prevalence of acute tubular injury in sick newborn infants than has been reported in previous studies in which more traditional indices of renal injury were used.

scholarly journals Nutritional and Non-Nutritional Predictors of Low Spot Urinary Creatinine Concentration in Patients with Heart Failure

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 3994
Author(s):  
Jolanta Malinowska-Borowska ◽  
Aleksandra Kulik ◽  
Marta Buczkowska ◽  
Weronika Ostręga ◽  
Apolonia Stefaniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Creatinine Concentration ◽  
Urinary Creatinine ◽  
Under Nutrition ◽  
Patients With Heart Failure ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
Biochemical Indices ◽  
Appendicular Muscle Mass

Low spot urinary creatinine concentration (SUCR) is a marker of muscle wasting and clinical outcome. The risk factors for low SUCR in heart failure (HF) remain poorly understood. We explored the risk factors for low SUCR related to poor outcomes. In 721 HF patients (age: 52.3 ± 11 years, female: 14%, NYHA: 2.7 ± 0.7) SUCR and Dexa body composition scans were performed. BMI prior HF-onset, weight loss, and appendicular muscle mass were obtained. Each patient was classified as malnutrition or normal by GLIM criteria and three other biochemical indices (CONUT, PNI, and GRNI). Sarcopenia index (SI) as creatinine to cystatin C ratio was also calculated. Within 1 year, 80 (11.1%) patients died. In ROC curve we identified a SUCR value of 0.628 g/L as optimally discriminating surviving from dead. In low SUCR group more advanced HF, higher weight loss and catabolic components of weight trajectory (CCWT), more frequent under-nutrition by GLIM, and lower SI were observed. In multivariate analysis the independent predictors of low SUCR were SI, CCWT, and GNRI score. In conclusion: the risk of low SUCR was associated with a worse outcome. Low SUCR was associated with greater catabolism and sarcopenia but not with biochemical indices of malnutrition.

How should urinary cotinine concentrations be adjusted for urinary creatinine concentration?

1990 ◽  
Vol 187 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.G. Thompson ◽  
R.D. Barlow ◽  
N.J. Wald ◽  
H. Van Vunakis
Keyword(s):  
Creatinine Concentration ◽  
Urinary Creatinine ◽  
Urinary Cotinine

scholarly journals Reference Values for Urinary HMMA, HVA, Noradrenaline, Adrenaline, and Dopamine Excretion in Children Using Random Urine Samples and HPLC with Electrochemical Detection

1992 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 400-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Fitzgibbon ◽  
R J FitzGerald ◽  
W P Tormey ◽  
A O'Meara ◽  
D Kenny
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Electrochemical Detection ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Homovanillic Acid ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Creatinine Concentration ◽  
Urinary Creatinine ◽  
Reference Limits

Random urine samples were collected from 305 children aged from birth to 14 years and the values of hydroxymethoxymandelic acid, homovanillic acid, noradrenaline, adrenaline, and dopamine were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. The results were reported relative to the urinary creatinine concentration and the values declined progressively with increasing age for each analyte with the exception of adrenaline. The results for each age group were not normally distributed and all values except outliers were retained in determining the upper reference limits.

Creatinine Secretion by the Frog Renal Tubule

1956 ◽  
Vol 184 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Azide ◽  
Sodium Arsenite ◽  
Renal Tubule ◽  
Inulin Clearance ◽  
Clearance Ratio ◽  
Creatinine Concentration ◽  
Urinary Creatinine ◽  
Intact Kidney

Simultaneous creatinine and inulin clearance measurements were carried out in Ringer-perfused and intact kidneys of the bullfrog ( R. catesbiana). For the perfusion series the median creatinine/inulin clearance ratio was 1.27. The ratio was elevated above unity for the majority of intact kidney experiments. Perfusion with poisons such as phlorizin, sodium azide, sodium arsenite and 2, 4-dinitrophenol, as well as elevation of the creatinine concentration in perfusing fluids, generally depressed the clearance ratio toward unity. It is concluded that a portion of the urinary creatinine of bullfrogs can be excreted by active tubular participation.

Normal limits of urinary excretion of eleven enzymes.

1976 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1567-1574 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Maruhn ◽  
I Fuchs ◽  
G Mues ◽  
K D Bock
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Creatinine Concentration ◽  
Urinary Creatinine ◽  
Gamma Glutamyltransferase ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase

Abstract Urinary excretion of lactate dehydrogenase, hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, arylsulphatase A, alpha-glucosidase, beta-galactosidase, trehalase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, beta-glucuronidase, and leucinearylamidase was studies in a carefully selected group of 100 healthy subjects, 50 women and 50 men. Enzyme activities were assayed in 3-h morning samples after gel filtration of the urine. Activities were related to time volume, and to urinary creatinine concentration. Several transforming functions had to be applied to enzyme output data to obtain an approximation to gaussian frequency distribution. Men showed a significantly higher excretion of gamma-glutamyltransferase, alpha-glucosidase, trehalase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase,beta-glucuronidase, and leucine arylamidase activity than did women if enzyme activity was related to urinary time volume. Women excreted more lactate dehydrogenase, hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, alpha-glucosidase, trehalase, and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase activity than did men, if urinary creatinine was used as the basis of reference. Reference intervals were calculated as 2.5 and 97.5 percentiles for both sexes.

Estimation of Renal Creatinine Clearance in Patients with Unstable Serum Creatinine Concentrations: Comparison of Multiple Methods

1985 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 385-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moses Sing Sum Chow ◽  
Robert Schweizer
Keyword(s):  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Creatinine Clearance ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Serum Creatinine Concentration ◽  
Creatinine Concentration ◽  
Creatinine Excretion ◽  
Urinary Creatinine ◽  
Transplant Patients ◽  
Urinary Creatinine Excretion

The accuracy of different methods of calculating 24-hour creatinine clearance in patients with unstable renal function was compared using simulated data (based on a one-compartment pharmacokinetic model), as well as data from postrenal transplant patients. When creatinine clearance was calculated from the urinary creatinine excretion and a serum creatinine concentration, the use of the midpoint serum creatinine concentration produced the lowest degree of error. Therefore, this method is recommended for routine clinical determination of creatinine clearance in such patients. When the urinary creatinine excretion was unknown, an iteration method produced the lowest degree of error among four methods, and therefore is recommended to estimate creatinine clearance in such patients.

Urinary leucine aminopeptidase 3 in population environmentally exposed to airborne arsenic

2021 ◽  
pp. 096032712098887
Author(s):  
Anna Skoczynska ◽  
Marta Skoczynska ◽  
Anna Wojakowska ◽  
Barbara Turczyn ◽  
Leszek Gruszczynski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Arsenic Species ◽  
Creatinine Concentration ◽  
Urinary Creatinine ◽  
Urinary Arsenic ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Baseline Information

Introduction: Environmental arsenic contamination is a major toxicological problem worldwide due to its carcinogenic and nephrotoxic potential. Aim: The purpose of this observational study was to determine the suspected association between urinary arsenic (uAs) and urinary leucine (or leucyl) aminopeptidase 3 (uLAP3) to evaluate uLAP3 as a candidate biomarker of exposure to airborne arsenic. Materials and Methods: A total of 918 adults occupationally and/or environmentally exposed to airborne arsenic were enrolled in the study. Baseline information (age; sex; history of smoking; alcohol, fish and seafood consumption) was gathered. Total uAs concentrations [μg/L] of 918 subjects, as well as the sum of arsenic species (ΣiAs) in 259 subjects, were obtained. Urinary LAP3 was measured by an immune-enzymatic assay using an ELISA kit. Urinary creatinine concentration was assessed with the IB/lAB/1289 research protocol (version II, 2015-09-17). The values of uAs and uLAP3 were recalculated per unit of creatinine. The association between uAs and uLAP3 was assessed using a logistic regression model adjusted for confounders. Results: The study identified a positive correlation between the logarithm of uAs and the logarithm of uLAP3 in the study population (r = 0.1737, p < 0.0000) and between urinary creatinine and uLAP3 concentration not adjusted for creatinine level (r = 0.1871, p < 0.001). In the logistic regression model, there was also an association between increased (≥15 µg/L) uAs and decreased (below the 25th quartile) uLAP3 [OR uLAP3 = 1.22 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.44, p < 0.02)]. Conclusions: These data suggest that urinary LAP3 may be a potential biomarker of arsenic exposure, which warrants further study.

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