Identifying and describing the impact of gully erosion in the livelihoods and properties of traditional Himba communities in Kaokoland (Namibia) as a driver of regional migration

Achieving goals of the national reforestation program for 2020 is threatened by its slow implementation despite financial support provided through the EU rural development programs. This study attempts to examine association between the increase in the forest cover and they are of agricultural land in Poland between 2010 and 2015 and the indirect association between the forest cover and regional migration, and residents seeking employment outside agriculture by registering microenterprises focusing only on Podlaskie Voivodship. The description of the observed developments has been supplemented by calculations of the Pearson correlation coefficient between the key indicators considered in this study. The calculated correlations coefficients suggest strong association between the EU funding and the reforested area in three districts surrounding the major cities in the region. Strong correlations were found between regional migration and the entrepreneurial activity reflected in the number of registered micro-enterprises in the case of Białystok and Łomża districts, but somewhat weaker associations in the case of Suwałki district. The transfer of land away from agriculture to reforestation is affected by the local technical infrastructure expansion, e.g., road construction, and influences the obtained correlation coefficients.

Download Full-text

A preliminary assessment of the impact of landslide, earthflow, and gully erosion on soil carbon stocks in New Zealand

Geomorphology ◽

10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.10.006 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 307 ◽

pp. 93-106 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Les Basher ◽

Harley Betts ◽

Ian Lynn ◽

Mike Marden ◽

Stephen McNeill ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Soil Carbon ◽

Carbon Stocks ◽

Gully Erosion ◽

Preliminary Assessment ◽

Soil Carbon Stocks ◽

The Impact

Download Full-text

Sediment Budgets for Small Salinized Agricultural Catchments in Southwest Australia and Implications for Phosphorus Transport

Water ◽

10.3390/w13243564 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (24) ◽

pp. 3564

Author(s):

Robert J. Wasson ◽

David M. Weaver

Keyword(s):

Gully Erosion ◽

Delivery Ratio ◽

Phosphorus Transport ◽

Rill Erosion ◽

Sediment Delivery ◽

Sediment Storage ◽

Agricultural Catchments ◽

Sediment Budgets ◽

Southwest Australia ◽

The Impact

Examples of sediment budgets are needed to document the range of budget types and their controls. Sediment budgets for three small agricultural catchments (7.6 to 15.6 km2) in southwestern Australia are dominated by channel and gully erosion, with sheet and rill erosion playing a subordinate role. Erosion was increased by clearing naturally swampy valley floors and hillslopes for agriculture and grazing, and episodic intense rainstorms. The proportion of sediment from channel and gully erosion in the sediment budget appears to be determined by the depth of alluvial fills. Dryland salinization caused by clearing native vegetation has connected hillslopes to channels across narrow floodplains, increasing the Sediment Delivery Ratio (SDR). Yield and SDR are found to be insensitive to major in-catchment changes of vegetation cover after initial clearing, the ratio of sheet and rill erosion/channel and gully erosion, and sediment storage masses. This supports the idea that yield alone is often a poor indicator of the impact of land use and land management change. Riparian vegetation would reduce sediment yield but not phosphorus yield. This study demonstrates the value of mixed methods where field observations and chemical analysis are combined with information from local people.

Download Full-text

DETERMINATION OF THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT OF GULLY EROSION IN KURMIN-GWARI SETTLEMENT

FUDMA Journal of Sciences ◽

10.33003/fjs-2020-0404-465 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 50-55

Author(s):

Aliyu H. Ibrahim ◽

H. A. Ibrahim ◽

I. B. Bashir ◽

S. Z. Abdullahi

Keyword(s):

Environmental Planning ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Social Systems ◽

Life Forms ◽

Gully Erosion ◽

Economic Effects ◽

Ecosystem Functions ◽

Topographic Map ◽

Secondary Sources ◽

The Impact

Sustainable development is the positive socio-economic change that does not undermine the ecological and social systems upon which communities and social systems are dependent. Land provides services to humans and other life forms as well as providing raw materials in production process. Land provides waste assimilation services as well as other ecosystem functions. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of gully erosion on the residents of Kurmin Gwari settlement, Kaduna State, Nigeria. The study intends to identify the percentage of the residents according to localities that have suffered socially and economically from gully incidents. It also intends to determine the relationship between adverse social and economic effects suffered by the affected people in the various localities of the study area. The Primary sources of data are direct observation from fieldwork and the use of questionnaire, while the secondary sources are topographic map and library materials. Descriptive statistical tools were applied to deal with the techniques of summarizing and describing data collected. Percentages, proportion and mean were applied to get expected frequencies. The result revealed that at Layin Pumpo 65% of respondents are affected by destruction of ancestral homeland by gully erosion. 100% are affected by loss of source of water supply. 72.5% find the gully site frightful. 92.5% experience trauma as a result of gully erosion in the area and 57.5% lost relatives. The study recommended that due to gully erosion and other natural environmental disasters, the need for an integrated environmental planning is paramount.

Download Full-text

The impact of sowing density of small grains on rill and ephemeral gully erosion in concentrated flow zones

Soil and Tillage Research ◽

10.1016/s0167-1987(01)00263-x ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 64 (3-4) ◽

pp. 189-201 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

G Gyssels ◽

J Poesen ◽

J Nachtergaele ◽

G Govers

Keyword(s):

Gully Erosion ◽

Concentrated Flow ◽

Ephemeral Gully ◽

Small Grains ◽

The Impact

Download Full-text

The impact of sheet and gully erosion on soil aggregate losses in the black soil region of Northeast China

Acta Ecologica Sinica ◽

10.5846/stxb201303230498 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 33 (24) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

姜义亮 JIANG Yiliang ◽

郑粉莉 ZHENG Fenli ◽

王彬 WANG Bin ◽

温磊磊 WEN Leilei ◽

沈海鸥 SHEN Hai'ou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Northeast China ◽

Black Soil ◽

Soil Aggregate ◽

Gully Erosion ◽

Black Soil Region ◽

The Impact

Download Full-text

Catchment Sediment Dynamics and the Role of Deep-Seated Landslide-Dams; Waipaoa Catchment, Raukumara Peninsula, New Zealand

10.26686/wgtn.16993162.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Richard James Taylor

Keyword(s):

Sediment Transport ◽

Large Scale ◽

Gully Erosion ◽

Sediment Dynamics ◽

Storm Events ◽

14C Dating ◽

Sediment Delivery ◽

Ground Shaking ◽

Landslide Dams ◽

The Impact

<p>Sediment volumes retained by landslide-dams of the Waipaoa are small at 1.85x10⁶m³ compared to the 24.5km³ (Marden et al., 2008b) of sediment eroded in the landscape since the last glacial maximum. Landslide-dams do however represent a major perturbation to sediment transport, although due to their mainly short life span this disruption is discontinuous representing a pulsing in the transport network. The objective of this study is to investigate the sedimentary dynamics of the Waipaoa catchment by providing insights into the role that deep-seated landslides play and asks the questions: What is the impact on sediment transport imposed by the landslide-dams of the Waipaoa catchment? and; What do the sediments impounded in landslide-dammed lakes tell us about catchment sediment dynamics through time? The Waipaoa River on the East Cape of New Zealand‘s North Island delivers volumes of sediment to the coast which are considered high by global standards. Catchment erosion is controlled by soft marine sediments, combined with a history of tectonic fracturing and frequent intense rain storms. Erosion events are driven by intense cyclonic systems rain storms which deliver ≥200mm/24hr rainfall and induce catchment wide gully erosion as well as shallow surficial landslides. Under current land covers gully erosion provides the dominant source of sediments, with high degrees of slope channel coupling and steep gradient river profiles providing for efficient delivery to the coast. Offshore in the Poverty Bay, sediments delivered by the Waipaoa River show considerable variability over a range of temporal scales. Valley slopes within the Waipaoa catchment are also susceptible to large deep-seated landslide failures, with movement depths greater than 5 metres often on internal structural failure planes. These large slope movements can be produced by both extreme storm events (≥300mm/24hr) which occur on a return periods of 1 in 5 years and seismic ground shaking of 1 in 1000-2000 years. Where these large events block channels and are able to persist for long periods, sediments accumulated upstream to provide a unique record of the catchments sedimentary history. There have been some 1100 historic large scale features which have been identified within the Waipaoa region, with this study selecting seven that have shown evidence of channel blockage. The project aims to provide insights into the age of a sample of deep-seated landslides that have dammed channels to determine how long landslide-dams survive in the landscape and quantify the volumes of sediment they have trapped. Further, the project aims to determine what the spatial and temporal distribution of these blockages has meant to sediment delivery and whether there have been changes in sediment dynamics in their upper catchments over time. The project uses the detailed mapping of the trapped body of sediments, GIS modelling of the palaeo and present landscapes and age control determinations provided by tephra and 14C dating to provide both volumes and rates of sediment delivery.</p>

Download Full-text

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF RAVINE DEGRADATION ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NSUKARA OFFOT IN UYO LGA, AKWA IBOM STATE

International Journal of Advanced Academic Research ◽

10.46654/ij.24889849.e61027 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 209-220

Author(s):

MO Okereke ◽

AK Uchua ◽

JJ Essien ◽

JE Ezugwu

Keyword(s):

Economic Development ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Research Work ◽

Gully Erosion ◽

Morphological Evidence ◽

Landsat 8 ◽

Water Runoff ◽

The World ◽

Socio Economic Development ◽

The Impact

Ravine degradation is one of the major environmental threats throughout the world and affects multiple soils and land functions. There is ample physical evidence of severe gully erosion occurring in different parts of the world. Gullies are one of the few sources of morphological evidence in the landscape showing the intensity of soil erosion in the area, reflecting the impact of environmental change (especially due to interactions between geomorphological features, changes in land use, and extreme climatic events). The impacts of ravine erosion in Akwa Ibom State, Uyo in particular are enormous and are still creating a lot of menace ranging from loss of farmlands and properties, a threat to vegetation, effect on life among others. This paper discusses the use of space-based techniques to assess the impact of ravine erosion and its effects on socio-economic development of Nsukara Offot in Uyo L.G.A. In the study, the shapefile of Uyo was used to clip the study area from Landsat 8 (2018) in a GIS environment, the extracted images were processed using ArcGIS 10.4, Likelihood classification was carried out for 3 spectral bands corresponding to Band 5, Band 4 and Band 3 combination Near infrared, red, and green (NIR, R, G). Spot 5 Image was also used to identify the interesting features in the area that is valuable for this research work. The features digitized were Built-up areas, Ravine, and Roads. The ArcGIS software version 10.4 was used to buffer the distance from the ravine to the different structures, other facilities, and one of the major roads in the area. Results from the field observations and measurements showed that the width of the ravine is 8m, depth is 13m while the length is about 100m. The distance of the ravine from the nearest building which is Ray Field International Secondary School, Uyo is 10m away from the school gate and 5m from the road. This shows a rapid encroachment to the facility and poses a hazard to both human and infrastructure. The study shows that the ravine occurred as a result of inappropriate channeling of water runoff in unprotected land thereby washing away the soil along the drainage line. GIS is a valuable tool in monitoring morphology while the results of the study can be used for planning for further monitoring, gully erosion control, and management.

Download Full-text

Contemporary gully erosion trend in the northern part of the forest-steppe zone of the Russian Plain: a case study from the Republic of Tatarstan, European Russia

Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences ◽

10.5194/piahs-381-21-2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 381 ◽

pp. 21-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Aidar Sharifullin ◽

Artur Gafurov ◽

Regina Medvedeva ◽

Valentin Golosov ◽

Aleksandr Dvinskih ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Steppe Zone ◽

Gully Erosion ◽

Control Measures ◽

Soil Freezing ◽

Russian Plain ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Air Temperatures ◽

High Resolution Satellite Images ◽

The Republic ◽

The Impact

Abstract. This article presents results for gully head cut retreat rates (GHRR) in the Pre-Kama region (Republic of Tatarstan, Russia) based on monitoring (1984–1994 and 2015–2018) and the interpretation of high-resolution satellite images (2004–2014). The results suggested that the mean linear GHRR have reduced by about five times, from 1.6 m per year (1983–1994) to 0.4 m per year (2015–2018). The main reason for the significant decrease in gully erosion was the increase in winter-spring air temperatures, which resulted in a reduction in the depth of soil freezing and surface runoff. The impact of land use, as well as erosion control measures, which were implemented in the study area during the late 1980s and early 1990s, was found to be less important.

Download Full-text