Optimal Protective and Mitigation Strategies Against Flooding and Future Climate Risk

Even though climate change is having an increasing impact on tea plants, systematic reviews on the impact of climate change on the tea system are scarce. This review was undertaken to assess and synthesize the knowledge around the impacts of current and future climate on yield, quality, and climate suitability for tea; the historical roots and the most influential papers on the aforementioned topics; and the key adaptation and mitigation strategies that are practiced in tea fields. Our findings show that a large number of studies have focused on the impact of climate change on tea quality, followed by tea yield, while a smaller number of studies have concentrated on climate suitability. Three pronounced reference peaks found in Reference Publication Year Spectroscopy (RYPS) represent the most significant papers associated with the yield, quality, and climate suitability for tea. Tea yield increases with elevated CO2 levels, but this increment could be substantially affected by an increasing temperature. Other climatic factors are uneven rainfall, extreme weather events, and climate-driven abiotic stressors. An altered climate presents both advantages and disadvantages for tea quality due to the uncertainty of the concentrations of biochemicals in tea leaves. Climate change creates losses, gains, and shifts of climate suitability for tea habitats. Further studies are required in order to fill the knowledge gaps identified through the present review, such as an investigation of the interaction between the tea plant and multiple environmental factors that mimic real-world conditions and then studies on its impact on the tea system, as well as the design of ensemble modeling approaches to predict climate suitability for tea. Finally, we outline multifaceted and evidence-based adaptive and mitigation strategies that can be implemented in tea fields to alleviate the undesirable impacts of climate change.

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Author Correction: Future climate risk from compound events

Nature Climate Change ◽

10.1038/s41558-018-0220-z ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. 750-750

Author(s):

Jakob Zscheischler ◽

Seth Westra ◽

Bart J. J. M. van den Hurk ◽

Sonia I. Seneviratne ◽

Philip J. Ward ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Future Climate ◽

Climate Risk ◽

Compound Events

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Adaptive Infrastructure To Mitigate Future Climate Risk: Building Upon Our Geotechnical Engineering Heritage

GEOSTRATA Magazine ◽

10.1061/geosek.0000101 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (5) ◽

pp. 28-35

Author(s):

Farshid Vahedifard ◽

Amir Aghakouchak

Keyword(s):

Geotechnical Engineering ◽

Future Climate ◽

Climate Risk

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Future Climate Change Impacts on European Viticulture: A Review on Recent Scientific Advances

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos12040495 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 495

Author(s):

Fotoula Droulia ◽

Ioannis Charalampopoulos

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Climate Change Impacts ◽

Time Frame ◽

Future Climate ◽

Mitigation Strategies ◽

Future Climate Change ◽

Vitis Vinifera L ◽

Economic Role ◽

Heterogeneous Effects ◽

The Future

Climate change is a continuous spatiotemporal reality, possibly endangering the viability of the grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) in the future. Europe emerges as an especially responsive area where the grapevine is largely recognised as one of the most important crops, playing a key environmental and socio-economic role. The mounting evidence on significant impacts of climate change on viticulture urges the scientific community in investigating the potential evolution of these impacts in the upcoming decades. In this review work, a first attempt for the compilation of selected scientific research on this subject, during a relatively recent time frame (2010–2020), is implemented. For this purpose, a thorough investigation through multiple search queries was conducted and further screened by focusing exclusively on the predicted productivity parameters (phenology timing, product quality and yield) and cultivation area alteration. Main findings on the potential impacts of future climate change are described as changes in grapevine phenological timing, alterations in grape and wine composition, heterogeneous effects on grapevine yield, the expansion into areas that were previously unsuitable for grapevine cultivation and significant geographical displacements in traditional growing areas. These compiled findings may facilitate and delineate the implementation of effective adaptation and mitigation strategies, ultimately potentiating the future sustainability of European viticulture.

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The effects of climate change on flood hazards in Kelantan River Basin Malaysia

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/880/1/012016 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 880 (1) ◽

pp. 012016

Author(s):

Tze Huey Tam ◽

Muhammad Zulkarnain Abd Rahman ◽

Sobri Harun ◽

Sophal Try ◽

Ismaila Usman Kaoje ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

River Basin ◽

Hydrological Cycle ◽

Flood Hazard ◽

Future Climate ◽

Mitigation Strategies ◽

Flood Hazards ◽

Distributed Hydrological Model ◽

Climate Scenarios ◽

Kelantan River Basin

Abstract Climate change has had a significant impact on the hydrological cycle, causing changes in precipitation patterns in both frequency and magnitude. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of climate change on flood hazards in Kelantan River Basin, Malaysia. A distributed hydrological model called Rainfall-Runoff-Inundation (RRI) simulates floods under current and future climate scenarios. The Climate Change Factor (CCF) is a tool for forecasting future climate scenarios. The storm used in this analysis had 50-year and 100-year recurrence intervals every 24 hours (ARI). The finding shows that the streamflow in Guillemard station will increase in the future for both the 50- and 100-year ARI. The streamflow increased to 10329 m3/s from 8434.9 m3/s in the current state and to 11220.2 m3/s from 9157.4 m3/s in the 50- and 100-year ARI, respectively. In both cases, the 100-year ARI flood magnitude is significantly less than the 50-year ARI flood extent (current and future). However, the flood depth in several towns located downstream of the Kelantan River Basin is more significant for the 100-year ARI than for the 50-year ARI for both cases. The study’s findings would be helpful to relevant agencies and government departments understand the current and potential flood hazard situation in the study area and assist them in developing effective mitigation strategies for future flood hazards.

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Understanding climate-related risks to infrastructure in Chinese cities, Climate Risk Assessment of Infrastructure Tool

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-13365 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Maria Sunyer ◽

Louise Parry ◽

Oliver Pritchard ◽

Harriet Obrien ◽

Astrid Kagan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Risk Assessment ◽

Climate Science ◽

Future Climate ◽

Climate Risk ◽

Future Climate Change ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Infrastructure Systems ◽

Climate Risks ◽

Resilient Infrastructure

Climate resilient infrastructure is essential for the safety, wellbeing, sustainability and economic prosperity of cities. An understanding of current and future climate risks is an essential consideration for the planning, design, delivery and management of new and existing resilient infrastructure systems. While there is a growing number of tools which focus on assessing specific components of climate risk there is a need for tools which help bridge the gap between climate science, resilience practitioners, infrastructure owners and policy makers.The Climate Risk Infrastructure Assessment Tool developed within the Climate Science for Service Partnership China (CSSP China) aims to help planners and policy-makers understand how climate change may impact a city&#8217;s infrastructure systems. CSSP China seeks to bring together climate practitioners in China and the UK, and to forge links between climate scientists and industry practitioners to develop practical tools that translate the science into valuable insights for policymaking, planning and design. The development of this tools builds on earlier work carried out with the Shanghai Met Service and the British Embassy in Beijing to develop a qualitative tool to guide the assessment of climate risks for infrastructure.The tool guides the user through a semi-quantitative climate risk assessment for a section of an infrastructure system. At present it uses ensemble data from global climate models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) to estimate and visualise future climate change projections helping cities understand the current and future likelihood of weather events. The tool then enables cities to assess the overall impact of severe weather on infrastructure by determining its vulnerability and criticality. Risk is estimated as a combination of event likelihood and impact. For key risks, guidance on implementing appropriate adaptation measures is provided to support planners and policy-makers to consider what action is needed.

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A Jigsaw Waiting to be Assembled?

10.1093/law/9780199684601.003.0025 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Bob O'Sullivan ◽

Charlotte Streck

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Land Use ◽

Kyoto Protocol ◽

Financial Incentive ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Current Treatment ◽

Future Climate ◽

Mitigation Strategies ◽

Social Functions ◽

Climate Treaty

This chapter describes the current treatment of the land-use sector under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Kyoto Protocol. It discusses how various financial incentive and accounting frameworks can complement each other under a future climate treaty. Despite recognizing the importance of forestry and agriculture, the climate change regime has failed to formulate incentives to encourage mitigation in the land-use sector while maintaining the ecological and social functions of landscapes. Unfortunately, the UNFCCC and the Kyoto Protocol only formulate a fragmented set of rules, incentives, and obligations. The Protocol considers forest emissions in developed countries, but fails to create incentives for the sector’s highest emissions reduction and carbon storage potential in developing countries. This phenomenon highlights the importance of a new future climate treaty. Its discussion creates an integrated accounting and incentive framework that facilitates the formulation of robust and complementary adaptation and mitigation strategies.

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Future climate risk from compound events

Nature Climate Change ◽

10.1038/s41558-018-0156-3 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 469-477 ◽

Cited By ~ 228

Author(s):

Jakob Zscheischler ◽

Seth Westra ◽

Bart J. J. M. van den Hurk ◽

Sonia I. Seneviratne ◽

Philip J. Ward ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Future Climate ◽

Climate Risk ◽

Compound Events

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Evaluation of Past and Future Climate Trends under CMIP6 Scenarios for the UBNB (Abay), Ethiopia

Water ◽

10.3390/w13152110 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (15) ◽

pp. 2110

Author(s):

Addis A. Alaminie ◽

Seifu A. Tilahun ◽

Solomon A. Legesse ◽

Fasikaw A. Zimale ◽

Gashaw Bimrew Tarkegn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Observational Data ◽

Climate Models ◽

Future Climate ◽

Mitigation Strategies ◽

Maximum Temperature ◽

Trend Test ◽

Climate Projections ◽

Systematic Bias ◽

Climate Trends

Climate predictions using recent and high-resolution climate models are becoming important for effective decision-making and for designing appropriate climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies. Due to highly variable climate and data scarcity of the upper Blue Nile Basin, previous studies did not detect specific unified trends. This study discusses, the past and future climate projections under CMIP6-SSPs scenarios for the basin. For the models’ validation and selection, reanalysis data were used after comparing with area-averaged ground observational data. Quantile mapping systematic bias correction and Mann–Kendall trend test were applied to evaluate the trends of selected CMIP6 models during the 21st century. Results revealed that, ERA5 for temperature and GPCC for precipitation have best agreement with the basin observational data, MRI-ESM2-0 for temperature and BCC-CSM-2MR for precipitation were selected based on their highest performance. The MRI-ESM2-0 mean annual maximum temperature for the near (long)-term period shows an increase of 1.1 (1.5) °C, 1.3 (2.2) °C, 1.2 (2.8) °C, and 1.5 (3.8) °C under the four SSPs. On the other hand, the BCC-CSM-2MR precipitation projections show slightly (statistically insignificant) increasing trend for the near (long)-term periods by 5.9 (6.1)%, 12.8 (13.7)%, 9.5 (9.1)%, and 17.1(17.7)% under four SSPs scenarios.

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Low-energy housing retrofit in North England: Overheating risks and possible mitigation strategies

Building Services Engineering Research and Technology ◽

10.1177/0143624418754386 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 161-172 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Azlizawati Ibrahim ◽

Sofie LJ Pelsmakers

Keyword(s):

Steady State ◽

Unintended Consequences ◽

Low Energy ◽

Future Climate ◽

Mitigation Strategies ◽

Climate Projections ◽

Night Time ◽

Adaptation Measures ◽

Warming World ◽

Retrofit Design

In the drive to reduce space-heating demand and associated CO2 emissions as well as tackle fuel poverty, dwelling overheating and summer-time occupant thermal discomfort might be the unintended consequences of low-energy building retrofits. This paper presents the findings of a steady-state modelled low-energy retrofit dwelling in northern England and its potential current and future climate overheating risks using UK Climate Projections 2009 (UKCP09) scenarios (2050 and 2080 High Emission Scenarios). Predictive findings highlight that retrofitting to low-energy standards increases overheating risk over time, unless passive prevention measures are included in the retrofit design. In addition, the steady-state nature of the model might not fully capture the occupants’ exposure to actual future overheating risks. Among the most effective individual passive overheating mitigation strategies are temporary internal shading, permanent external shading and night-time ventilation. Most effective is a combination of these adaptation measures, so that predictive overheating is minimised in a future changing climate, reducing the uptake of active cooling in retrofitted dwellings. Practical application: Much research focuses on building overheating risks in the warmer South-east of England. However, this paper highlights how dwelling retrofit in north England (Sheffield) also can lead to increased dwelling overheating risk, unless passive design measures are included in the retrofit design. Among the most effective individual passive overheating mitigation strategies are solar shading devices and increased night-time ventilation, though ideally different measures are combined. Using future climate scenarios highlights that retrofits designed today might not be able to provide occupant thermal comfort in a future warming world.

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