Data and research in the era of artificial intelligence and advanced data science (NSF)

The article is devoted to the consideration of the main directions of digital transformation of the transport industry in Russia. It is proposed in the process of digital transformation to integrate the community approach into the company's business model using blockchain technology and methods and results of data science; complement the new digital culture with a digital team and new communities that help management solve business problems; focus the attention of the company's management on its employees and develop those competencies in them that robots and artificial intelligence systems cannot implement: develop algorithmic, computable and non-linear thinking in all employees of the company.

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Medical artificial intelligence readiness scale for medical students (MAIRS-MS) – development, validity and reliability study

BMC Medical Education ◽

10.1186/s12909-021-02546-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ozan Karaca ◽

S. Ayhan Çalışkan ◽

Kadir Demir

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Factor Analysis ◽

Medical Students ◽

Data Science ◽

Factor Model ◽

Health Science ◽

Measurement Tool ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Mathematical Concepts ◽

Evaluation And Monitoring

Abstract Background It is unlikely that applications of artificial intelligence (AI) will completely replace physicians. However, it is very likely that AI applications will acquire many of their roles and generate new tasks in medical care. To be ready for new roles and tasks, medical students and physicians will need to understand the fundamentals of AI and data science, mathematical concepts, and related ethical and medico-legal issues in addition with the standard medical principles. Nevertheless, there is no valid and reliable instrument available in the literature to measure medical AI readiness. In this study, we have described the development of a valid and reliable psychometric measurement tool for the assessment of the perceived readiness of medical students on AI technologies and its applications in medicine. Methods To define medical students’ required competencies on AI, a diverse set of experts’ opinions were obtained by a qualitative method and were used as a theoretical framework, while creating the item pool of the scale. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were applied. Results A total of 568 medical students during the EFA phase and 329 medical students during the CFA phase, enrolled in two different public universities in Turkey participated in this study. The initial 27-items finalized with a 22-items scale in a four-factor structure (cognition, ability, vision, and ethics), which explains 50.9% cumulative variance that resulted from the EFA. Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient was 0.87. CFA indicated appropriate fit of the four-factor model (χ2/df = 3.81, RMSEA = 0.094, SRMR = 0.057, CFI = 0.938, and NNFI (TLI) = 0.928). These values showed that the four-factor model has construct validity. Conclusions The newly developed Medical Artificial Intelligence Readiness Scale for Medical Students (MAIRS-MS) was found to be valid and reliable tool for evaluation and monitoring of perceived readiness levels of medical students on AI technologies and applications. Medical schools may follow ‘a physician training perspective that is compatible with AI in medicine’ to their curricula by using MAIRS-MS. This scale could be benefitted by medical and health science education institutions as a valuable curriculum development tool with its learner needs assessment and participants’ end-course perceived readiness opportunities.

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Data Science and Artificial Intelligence for Communications

IEEE Communications Magazine ◽

10.1109/mcom.2019.8908556 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 57 (11) ◽

pp. 82-83

Author(s):

Irena Atov ◽

Kwang-Cheng Chen ◽

Ahmed Kamal ◽

Shui Yu

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Data Science

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Series Editorial: Artificial Intelligence and Data Science for Communications

IEEE Communications Magazine ◽

10.1109/mcom.2021.9530492 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 59 (8) ◽

pp. 42-42

Author(s):

Yongmin Choi ◽

Ahmed E. Kamal ◽

Malamati Louta

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Data Science

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Novel Application of Artificial Intelligence with Potential to Transform Well Planning Workflows on the Norwegian Continental Shelf

10.2118/206339-ms ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jon Gustav Vabø ◽

Evan Thomas Delaney ◽

Tom Savel ◽

Norbert Dolle

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Decision Making ◽

Continental Shelf ◽

Data Science ◽

Search Algorithm ◽

Solution Space ◽

Good Decision ◽

Trade Offs ◽

Well Trajectory ◽

Norwegian Continental Shelf

Abstract This paper describes the transformational application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Equinor's annual well planning and maturation process. Well planning is a complex decision-making process, like many other processes in the industry. There are thousands of choices, conflicting business drivers, lots of uncertainty, and hidden bias. These complexities all add up, which makes good decision making very hard. In this application, AI has been used for automated and unbiased evaluation of the full solution space, with the objective to optimize the selection of drilling campaigns while taking into account complex issues such as anti-collision with existing wells, drilling hazards and trade-offs between cost, value and risk. Designing drillable well trajectories involves a sequence of decisions, which makes the process very suitable for AI algorithms. Different solver architectures, or algorithms, can be used to play this game. This is similar to how companies such as Google-owned DeepMind develop customized solvers for games such as Go and StarCraft. The chosen method is a Tree Search algorithm with an evolutionary layer on top, providing a good balance in terms of performance (i.e., speed) vs. exploration capability (i.e., it looks "wide" in the option space). The algorithm has been deployed in a full stack web-based application that allows users to follow an end-2-end workflow: from defining well trajectory design rules and constraints to running the AI engine and evaluating results to the optimization of multi-well drilling campaigns based on risk, value and cost objectives. The full-size paper describes different Norwegian Continental Shelf (NCS) use cases of this AI assisted well trajectory planning. Results to-date indicate significant CAPEX savings potential and step-change improvements in decision speed (months to days) compared to routine manual workflows. There are very limited real transformative examples of Artificial Intelligence in multi- disciplinary workflows. This paper therefore gives a unique insight how a combination of data science, domain expertise and end user feedback can lead to powerful and transformative AI solutions – implemented at scale within an existing organization.

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Against generalisation: Data-driven decisions need context to be human-compatible

Business Information Review ◽

10.1177/02663821211061986 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 026638212110619

Author(s):

Sharon Richardson

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Real World ◽

Data Science ◽

Machine Learning Algorithms ◽

Data Driven ◽

Theoretical Frameworks ◽

The Past ◽

Real World Applications ◽

Contextual Framework ◽

Data Driven Decisions

During the past two decades, there have been a number of breakthroughs in the fields of data science and artificial intelligence, made possible by advanced machine learning algorithms trained through access to massive volumes of data. However, their adoption and use in real-world applications remains a challenge. This paper posits that a key limitation in making AI applicable has been a failure to modernise the theoretical frameworks needed to evaluate and adopt outcomes. Such a need was anticipated with the arrival of the digital computer in the 1950s but has remained unrealised. This paper reviews how the field of data science emerged and led to rapid breakthroughs in algorithms underpinning research into artificial intelligence. It then discusses the contextual framework now needed to advance the use of AI in real-world decisions that impact human lives and livelihoods.

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Artificial Intelligence-Based Data Science Solutions

Applying Data Science ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-36375-8_3 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 69-122

Author(s):

Arthur K. Kordon

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Data Science

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Modeling Research Topics for Artificial Intelligence Applications in Medicine: Latent Dirichlet Allocation Application Study

Journal of Medical Internet Research ◽

10.2196/15511 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (11) ◽

pp. e15511 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Bach Xuan Tran ◽

Son Nghiem ◽

Oz Sahin ◽

Tuan Manh Vu ◽

Giang Hai Ha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Health Care ◽

Precision Medicine ◽

Data Science ◽

Latent Dirichlet Allocation ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Theory And Practice ◽

Clinical Practices ◽

Research Topics ◽

Dirichlet Allocation

Background Artificial intelligence (AI)–based technologies develop rapidly and have myriad applications in medicine and health care. However, there is a lack of comprehensive reporting on the productivity, workflow, topics, and research landscape of AI in this field. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the global development of scientific publications and constructed interdisciplinary research topics on the theory and practice of AI in medicine from 1977 to 2018. Methods We obtained bibliographic data and abstract contents of publications published between 1977 and 2018 from the Web of Science database. A total of 27,451 eligible articles were analyzed. Research topics were classified by latent Dirichlet allocation, and principal component analysis was used to identify the construct of the research landscape. Results The applications of AI have mainly impacted clinical settings (enhanced prognosis and diagnosis, robot-assisted surgery, and rehabilitation), data science and precision medicine (collecting individual data for precision medicine), and policy making (raising ethical and legal issues, especially regarding privacy and confidentiality of data). However, AI applications have not been commonly used in resource-poor settings due to the limit in infrastructure and human resources. Conclusions The application of AI in medicine has grown rapidly and focuses on three leading platforms: clinical practices, clinical material, and policies. AI might be one of the methods to narrow down the inequality in health care and medicine between developing and developed countries. Technology transfer and support from developed countries are essential measures for the advancement of AI application in health care in developing countries.

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AI Enabled Data Quality Monitoring with Hydra

EPJ Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/epjconf/202125104010 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 251 ◽

pp. 04010

Author(s):

Thomas Britton ◽

David Lawrence ◽

Kishansingh Rajput

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Data Quality ◽

Data Science ◽

Quality Monitoring ◽

Alarm System ◽

Future Outlook ◽

Skill Sets ◽

Early Results ◽

Level Monitoring

Data quality monitoring is critical to all experiments impacting the quality of any physics results. Traditionally, this is done through an alarm system, which detects low level faults, leaving higher level monitoring to human crews. Artificial Intelligence is beginning to find its way into scientific applications, but comes with difficulties, relying on the acquisition of new skill sets, either through education or acquisition, in data science. This paper will discuss the development and deployment of the Hydra monitoring system in production at Gluex. It will show how “off-the-shelf” technologies can be rapidly developed, as well as discuss what sociological hurdles must be overcome to successfully deploy such a system. Early results from production running of Hydra will also be shared as well as a future outlook for development of Hydra.

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The quest for interpretable and responsible artificial intelligence

The Biochemist ◽

10.1042/bio04105016 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 (5) ◽

pp. 16-19

Author(s):

Vaishak Belle

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Computational Biology ◽

Data Science ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Public Life ◽

Core Component ◽

Finance Law ◽

Private And Public ◽

And Robotics

Artificial intelligence (AI) provides many opportunities to improve private and public life. Discovering patterns and structures in large troves of data in an automated manner is a core component of data science, and currently drives applications in computational biology, finance, law and robotics. However, such a highly positive impact is coupled with significant challenges: how do we understand the decisions suggested by these systems in order that we can trust them? How can they be held accountable for those decisions?

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