scholarly journals The effect of muscle excursion on muscle recovery after tendon repair in a neglected tendon injury: A study in rabbit soleus muscles

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suk Ha Jeon ◽  
Moon Sang Chung ◽  
Goo Hyun Baek ◽  
Young Ho Lee ◽  
Hyun Sik Gong
Keyword(s):  
Tendon Repair ◽  
Tendon Injury ◽  
Muscle Recovery ◽  
Muscle Excursion

Hypoxia promotes tenocyte differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanyin Chen ◽  
wangqian zhang ◽  
Jintao Gu ◽  
Yuan Gao ◽  
Lei He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Patellar Tendon ◽  
Tendon Repair ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Tendon Injury ◽  
Tenogenic Differentiation ◽  
Tgf Β1

Abstract Background: Tendon injury is a common but tough medical problem. Unsatisfactory clinical results have been reported in tendon repair using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy, creating a need for a better strategy to induce MSCs to tenogenic differentiation. This study was designed to investigate the role of hypoxia in the tenogenic differentiation of MSCs in vitro and in vivo and to compare the tenogenic differentiation capacities of different MSCs under hypoxia condition in vitro. Methods: Adipose tissue-derived MSCs (AMSCs) and bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) were isolated and characterized by the expression of MSC-specific markers and tri-lineage differentiation. The expression of hypoxia induced factor-1 alpha (Hif-1α) and the proliferation of AMSCs and BMSCs were examined in order to confirm the establishment of hypoxia condition. qRT-PCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence staining were used to evaluate the expression of tendon-associated marker Col-1a1, Col-3a1, Dcn, and Tnmd in AMSCs and BMSCs under hypoxia and/or Tgf-β1 condition. In vivo, a patellar tendon injury model was established. Normoxic and hypoxic BMSCs were cultured and implanted. Histological, biomechanical and transmission electron microscopy analyses were performed to assess the improved healing effect of hypoxic BMSCs on tendon injury. Results: Hypoxia remarkably increased the expression of Hif-1α and the proliferation of AMSCs and BMSCs. Our in vitro results detected that hypoxia not only promoted a significant increase in tenogenic markers in both AMSCs and BMSCs compared with the normoxia group, but also showed higher inductility compared with Tgf-β1. In addition, hypoxic BMSCs exhibited higher potential of tenogenic differentiation than hypoxic AMSCs. Our in vivo results demonstrated that hypoxic BMSCs possessed better histological and biomechanical properties than those of normoxic BMSCs, as evidenced by histological scores, quantitative analysis of immunohistochemical staining for Col-1a1 and Tnmd, the range and average of collagen fibril diameters and patellar tendon biomechanical tests. Conclusions: These findings suggested that hypoxia may be a practical and reliable strategy to induce tenogenic differentiation of BMSCs for tendon repair and could enhance the effectiveness of MSCs therapy in treating tendon injury.

scholarly journals Hypoxia-Induced Mesenchymal Stem Cells Exhibit Stronger Tenogenic Differentiation Capacities and Promote Patellar Tendon Repair in Rabbits

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Guanyin Chen ◽  
Wangqian Zhang ◽  
Kuo Zhang ◽  
Shuning Wang ◽  
Yuan Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patellar Tendon ◽  
Tendon Repair ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Medical Problem ◽  
Tendon Injury ◽  
Tenogenic Differentiation ◽  
Tgf Β1

Tendon injury is a common but tough medical problem. Unsatisfactory clinical results have been reported in tendon repair using mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy, creating a need for a better strategy to induce MSCs to tenogenic differentiation. This study was designed to examine the effect of hypoxia on the tenogenic differentiation of different MSCs and their tenogenic differentiation capacities under hypoxia condition in vitro and to investigate the in vivo inductility of hypoxia in tenogenesis. Adipose tissue-derived MSCs (AMSCs) and bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) were isolated and characterized. The expression of hypoxia-induced factor-1 alpha (Hif-1α) was examined to confirm the establishment of hypoxia condition. qRT-PCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence staining were used to evaluate the expression of tendon-associated marker Col-1a1, Col-3a1, Dcn, and Tnmd in AMSCs and BMSCs under hypoxia condition, compared with Tgf-β1 induction. In vivo, a patellar tendon injury model was established. Normoxic and hypoxic BMSCs were cultured and implanted. Histological, biomechanical, and transmission electron microscopy analyses were performed to assess the improved healing effect of hypoxic BMSCs on tendon injury. Our in vitro results showed that hypoxia remarkably increased the expression of Hif-1α and that hypoxia not only promoted a significant increase in tenogenic markers in both AMSCs and BMSCs compared with the normoxia group but also showed higher inductility compared with Tgf-β1. In addition, hypoxic BMSCs exhibited higher potential of tenogenic differentiation than hypoxic AMSCs. Our in vivo results demonstrated that hypoxic BMSCs possessed better histological and biomechanical properties than normoxic BMSCs, as evidenced by histological scores, patellar tendon biomechanical parameters, and the range and average of collagen fibril diameters. These findings suggested that hypoxia may be a practical and reliable strategy to induce tenogenic differentiation of BMSCs for tendon repair and could enhance the effectiveness of MSCs therapy in treating tendon injury.

Effect of rhPDGF-BB-Coated Sutures on Tendon Healing in a Rat Model: A Histological and Biomechanical Study

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Cummings ◽  
J. Dines ◽  
C. K. Hee ◽  
H. K. Kestler ◽  
C. M. Roden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Tendon Repair ◽  
Tendon Healing ◽  
Tendon Injury ◽  
Biomechanical Study ◽  
Growth Factor Delivery ◽  
Delivery Method

Delivering growth factors to the site of injury using a coated suture delivery method has been investigated recently as a means to augment tissue repair [1]. This is a practical approach for growth factor delivery, as sutures are the method of choice for most orthopaedic surgeons for soft tissue repairs. One advantage of growth factor-coated sutures in tendon repair is the potential to accelerate healing in vivo, thereby improving the outcome of the repair. In particular, platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) is a well characterized wound healing protein known to be chemotactic and mitogenic for cells of mesenchymal origin, including tenocytes, and has been shown to improve healing when applied to animal models of tendon injury [2,3]. The aim of this study was to compare the quality of the tendon repair at four weeks post treatment with sutures coated with varying concentrations of rhPDGF-BB, relative to buffer-coated suture repairs.

Application of Different Biomaterials in Achilles Tendon Repair for Exercise Injury

2014 ◽  
Vol 886 ◽  
pp. 329-332
Author(s):  
Na Zhao ◽  
Wen Chen ◽  
Tao Yan
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Tendon Repair ◽  
Functional Differentiation ◽  
Tendon Injury ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Tendon Tissue Engineering ◽  
Tendon Transplantation ◽  
Scaffold Materials

The rupture of Achilles tendon is hard to self-healing and repair and it is easily left pain and dysfunction. For a long time, the treatment of Achilles tendon defect by many scholars conducted a lot of research, from the tendon autograft, allograft tendon transplantation to the artificial tendon transplantation, tissue engineering tendon transplantation. Practice has proved that these methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. Although the research and application of scaffold materials for tendon tissue engineering has achieved some success, but the application materials or the presence of biocompatibility, degradation problems or have poor mechanical properties, machining molding defects, there is still a big gap between the ideal scaffold materials. This study evaluated the different biological materials in the repair of Achilles tendon injury in effect, provide a theoretical reference for the key to construct tissue engineered tendon is to find appropriate scaffold materials for tendon cell adhesion, growth and functional differentiation.

scholarly journals Arthroscopic Quadriceps Tendon Repair: Two Case Reports

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidetomo Saito ◽  
Yoichi Shimada ◽  
Toshiaki Yamamura ◽  
Shin Yamada ◽  
Takahiro Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suture Anchor ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Tendon Repair ◽  
Quadriceps Tendon ◽  
Tendon Injury ◽  
Arthroscopic Repair ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
One Year ◽  
Bone Tunnels ◽  
Pull Out Suture

Recently, although some studies of open repair of the tendon of the quadriceps femoris have been published, there have been no reports in the literature on primary arthroscopic repair. In our present study, we present two cases of quadriceps tendon injury arthroscopically repaired with excellent results. Case 1 involved a 68-year-old man who was injured while shifting his weight to prevent a fall. MRI showed complete rupture at the insertion of the patella of the quadriceps tendon. The rupture was arthroscopically repaired using both suture anchor and pull-out suture fixation methods via bone tunnels (hereafter, pull-out fixation). Two years after surgery, retearing was not observed on MRI and both Japan Orthopedic Association (JOA) Knee and Lysholm scores had recovered to 100. Case 2 involved a 50-year-old man who was also injured when shifting his weight to prevent a fall. MRI showed incomplete superficial rupture at the insertion of the patella of the quadriceps tendon. The rupture was arthroscopically repaired using pull-out fixation of six strand sutures. One year after surgery, MRI revealed a healed tendon and his JOA and Lysholm scores were 95 and 100, respectively. Thus, arthroscopic repair may be a useful surgical method for repairing quadriceps tendon injury.

Development of Polyvinyl Alcohol-Hydrogel (PVA-H) Shields with a High Water Content for Tendon Injury Repair

2001 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 436-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. KOBAYASHI ◽  
J. TOGUCHIDA ◽  
M. OKA
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Flexor Tendon ◽  
Adhesion Formation ◽  
Tendon Repair ◽  
High Water ◽  
Tendon Injury ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Injury Repair

The main problem in tendon repair is adhesion formation between the tendon and surrounding tissue. To prevent this, we have developed adhesion preventive shields using polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel (PVA-H) with 90% water content. This implant experiment used the deep flexor tendon of the 3rd toe of the domestic fowl. Injured tendons shielded with PVA-H healed within about 3 weeks without adhesion to the surrounding tissues. Neither breakage of the PVA-H shield itself nor infection or degeneration in the surrounding tissue was observed. These results show that tendon is capable of intrinsic repair, and was able to regenerate using synovial nutrition through the PVA-H. The high water content of PVA-H may be clinically useful and applicable to adhesion preventive shields for tendon repair.

Pifithrin-α, an inhibitor of p53 transactivation, alters the inflammatory process and delays tendon healing following acute injury

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (1) ◽  
pp. R321-R327 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Marsolais ◽  
Claude H. Côté ◽  
Jérôme Frenette
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Tendon Repair ◽  
Tendon Healing ◽  
Tendon Injury ◽  
Acute Injury ◽  
Inflammatory Phase ◽  
Load To Failure ◽  
Transcription Factor P53

Transcription factor p53, which was initially associated with cancer, has now emerged as an important regulator of inflammation and extracellular matrix homeostasis, two processes highly relevant to tendon repair. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of a p53 transactivation inhibitor, namely, pifithrin-α, on the pathophysiological sequence following collagenase-induced tendon injury. Administration of pifithrin-α during the inflammatory phase reduced the accumulation of neutrophils and macrophages by 30 and 40%, respectively, on day 3 postinjury. Pifithrin-α failed to reduce the percentage of apoptotic cells following collagenase injection but delayed functional recovery. In uninjured Achilles tendons, pifithrin-α increased metalloprotease activity 2.4-fold. Accordingly, pifithrin-α reduced the collagen content in intact tendons as well as in injured tendons 7 days posttrauma compared with placebo. The effect of pifithrin-α on load to failure and stiffness was also evaluated. The administration of pifithrin-α during the inflammatory phase did not significantly decrease the functional deficit 3 days posttrauma. More importantly, load to failure and stiffness were significantly decreased in the pifithrin-α group from day 7 to day 28 compared with placebo. Overall, our results suggest that administration of pifithrin-α alters the inflammatory process and delays tendon healing. The present findings also support the concept that p53 can regulate extracellular matrix homeostasis in vivo.

scholarly journals Distal Triceps Tendon Injury

2022 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 263502542110445
Author(s):  
John R. Matthews ◽  
Ryan W. Paul ◽  
Kevin B. Freedman
Keyword(s):  
Tendon Repair ◽  
Eccentric Contraction ◽  
Tendon Injury ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Gap Formation ◽  
Double Row ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Left Posterior ◽  
Tendon Ruptures ◽  
Triceps Tendon

Background: Triceps tendon ruptures typically result from a forceful elbow eccentric contraction. The goal of a distal triceps tendon repair is to reattach the torn tendon back to the olecranon. Surgery is indicated for patients with complete rupture of the triceps tendon or symptomatic partial tears with failed conservative management. The complication rate occurs in 22% of patients postoperatively; however, only 0% to 4% of patients suffer a re-rupture of the tendon. Indications: We present a case of a highly active 38-year-old right-hand dominant man with acute onset of left posterior elbow pain following 1-handed pushup resulting in a complete distal triceps avulsion with 1.5 cm retraction. Technique: The distal triceps avulsion was repaired in a double row fashion using 2 double-loaded all-suture anchors in the medial row and anchor in the lateral row through a posterior approach. Results: Full anatomic footprint coverage was able to be achieved intraoperatively, and gentle range of motion from 0 to 90 degrees of flexion did not result in gap formation. Discussion/Conclusion: Successful outcomes with full anatomic footprint coverage of the distal triceps tendon can be achieved through a double row repair configuration.

scholarly journals An Overview of the Management of Flexor Tendon Injuries

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Griffin ◽  
S Hindocha ◽  
D Jordan ◽  
M Saleh ◽  
W Khan
Keyword(s):  
Flexor Tendon ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Adhesion Formation ◽  
Tendon Repair ◽  
Tendon Injury ◽  
Tendon Injuries ◽  
Flexor Tendon Repair ◽  
Flexor Tendon Injury ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Flexor Tendon Injuries

Flexor tendon injuries still remain a challenging condition to manage to ensure optimal outcome for the patient. Since the first flexor tendon repair was described by Kirchmayr in 1917, several approaches to flexor tendon injury have enabled successful repairs rates of 70-90%. Primary surgical repair results in better functional outcome compared to secondary repair or tendon graft surgery. Flexor tendon injury repair has been extensively researched and the literature demonstrates successful repair requires minimal gapping at the repair site or interference with tendon vascularity, secure suture knots, smooth junction of tendon end and having sufficient strength for healing. However, the exact surgical approach to achieve success being currently used among surgeons is still controversial. Therefore, this review aims to discuss the results of studies demonstrating the current knowledge regarding the optimal approach for flexor tendon repair. Post-operative rehabilitation for flexor tendon surgery is another area, which has caused extensive debate in hand surgery. The trend to more active mobilisation protocols seems to be favoured but further study in this area is needed to find the protocol, which achieves function and gliding but avoids rupture of the tendons. Lastly despite success following surgery complications commonly still occur post surgery, including adhesion formation, tendon rupture and stiffness of the joints. Therefore, this review aims to discuss the appropriate management of these difficulties post surgery. New techniques in management of flexor tendon will also be discussed including external laser devices, addition of growth factors and cytokines.

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