Early stage radiation-induced lung injury detected using hyperpolarized 129 Xe Morphometry: Proof-of-concept demonstration in a rat model

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 2421-2431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexei Ouriadov ◽  
Matthew Fox ◽  
Elaine Hegarty ◽  
Grace Parraga ◽  
Eugene Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Injury ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Radiation Induced

Quantification of regional early stage gas exchange changes using hyperpolarized129Xe MRI in a rat model of radiation-induced lung injury

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 2410-2420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozkan Doganay ◽  
Elaine Stirrat ◽  
Charles McKenzie ◽  
Rolf F. Schulte ◽  
Giles E. Santyr
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Radiation Induced

scholarly journals Using IVIM-MRI and R2⁎ Mapping to Differentiate Early Stage Liver Fibrosis in a Rat Model of Radiation-Induced Liver Fibrosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianye Liang ◽  
Xiubao Song ◽  
Zeyu Xiao ◽  
Hanwei Chen ◽  
Changzheng Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Motion Mri ◽  
Right Lobe ◽  
D Values

Rationale and Objectives. To investigate the utility of intravoxel incoherent motion MRI (IVIM-MRI) and R2⁎ mapping in diagnosing early stage liver fibrosis in a radiation-induced rat model. Materials and Methods. Thirty rats were randomly divided into three groups with 10 rats in each group. Liver fibrosis was induced by exposure of right lobe of liver in each animal to 20 Gy of radiation. MRI examination was conducted at baseline, one month, two months, and three months after radiation using T1WI, T2WI, IVIM-DWI, and R2⁎ sequences. The pathological examination included hematoxylin eosin, masson trichrome, and prussian blue staining. D, D⁎, f, and R2⁎ values were measured in both left and right lobes for quantitative analysis. Results. Regarding the surviving 23 rats, eight rats were diagnosed with stage F0, ten with stage F1, and five with stage F2 liver fibrosis using METAVIR Scores. The D values of right lobes decreased (P<0.05), and R2⁎ values increased (P<0.01) significantly as fibrosis levels increased. But there was no statistical difference in D⁎ (P=0.970) and f values (P=0.079). R2⁎ value showed a strong positive correlation (r=0.819, P<0.001), while D value showed a negative correlation with fibrosis stages (r=-0.424, P<0.001). D⁎ (r=0.029, P=0.744) and f values (r=-0.055, P=0.536) were poorly correlated with fibrosis levels. Conclusion. IVIM-MRI and R2⁎ mapping are useful techniques for evaluating the severity of liver fibrosis in a radiation-induced rat model, and R2⁎ value is the most sensitive parameter in detecting early stage fibrosis.

scholarly journals Identification of lncRNA, MicroRNA, and mRNA-Associated CeRNA Network of Radiation-Induced Lung Injury in a Mice Model

Dose-Response ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 155932581989101
Author(s):  
Yida Li ◽  
Liqing Zou ◽  
Xi Yang ◽  
Li Chu ◽  
Jianjiao Ni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Late Complications ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Messenger Rnas ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Target Mrnas ◽  
Radiation Induced

Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) can be challenging for thoracic radiotherapy, thus investigating its mechanisms of related pathophysiological process is needed. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) was found to participate in normal tissue damage induced by ionizing irradiation. Here, we first profiled the dysregulation of lncRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) of RILI in mice model receiving 12 Gy thoracic irradiation. The lung tissue was collected 48 hours after irradiation, after which an RNA library was built by RNA sequencing. Compared with the control group, 461 mRNAs and 401 lncRNAs were significantly upregulated, while 936 mRNAs and 501 lncRNAs were significantly downregulated. Then we predicted target miRNAs of the dysregulated lncRNAs and the target mRNAs of these miRNAs. Next, functional annotations of these target mRNAs were performed. Results showed some pathways apparently dysregulated, such as Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation, Th17 cell differentiation, and hematopoietic cell lineage. Through this study, we also highlighted that T helpers could be vital in RILI through lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network, therefore causing fibrosis, indicating that RNA dysregulation in early stage of RILI may cause severe late complications. Thus, research on the target mechanism and early intervention of lncRNAs with associated competing endogenous RNA network will benefit the treatment of RILI.

scholarly journals Glycyrrhetinic acid alleviates radiation-induced lung injury in mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinmei Chen ◽  
Weijian Zhang ◽  
Lurong Zhang ◽  
Jiemin Zhang ◽  
Xiuying Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Injury ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Glycyrrhetinic Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Tgf Β1

Abstract Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a common complication of thoracic radiotherapy, but efficacious therapy for RILI is lacking. This study ascertained whether glycyrrhetinic acid (GA; a functional hydrolyzed product of glycyrrhizic acid, which is extracted from herb licorice) can protect against RILI and investigated its relationship to the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/Smads signaling pathway. C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups: a control group, a GA group and two irradiation (IR) groups. IR groups were exposed to a single fraction of X-rays (12 Gy) to the thorax and administered normal saline (IR + NS group) or GA (IR + GA group). Two days and 17 days after irradiation, histologic analyses were performed to assess the degree of lung injury, and the expression of TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad3 and Smad7 was recorded. GA administration mitigated the histologic changes of lung injury 2 days and 17 days after irradiation. Protein and mRNA expression of TGF-β1, Smad2 and Smad3, and the mRNA level of Smad7, in lung tissue were significantly elevated after irradiation. GA decreased expression of TGF-β1, Smad2 and Smad3 in lung tissue, but did not increase Smad7 expression. GA can protect against early-stage RILI. This protective effect may be associated with inhibition of the TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway.

Prevention and treatment of radiation-induced lung injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 2161-2173
Author(s):  
Chengcheng Xia ◽  
Weiyan Shi ◽  
Yuyu Zhang ◽  
Lijuan Ding ◽  
Ling Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Injury ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Radiation Pneumonitis ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Thoracic Radiation ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Transplantation Conditioning

Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a common complication in cancer patients receiving local thoracic radiation and bone marrow transplantation conditioning. It is divided into early-stage radiation pneumonitis and advanced radiation fibrosis of the lung. This severely hampers the quality of life and survival of cancer patients. Meanwhile, RILI is a major factor limiting radiation doses in clinical practice, which affects the local control of cancer. Unfortunately, the mechanism of RILI is still not well defined, and there are no treatment options available for these patients. In this review we summarize the methods and agents used for the treatment and prevention of RILI, with the aim of increasing understanding of RILI.

scholarly journals Applications and therapeutic mechanisms of action of mesenchymal stem cells in radiation-induced lung injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiying Niu ◽  
Yueying Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Therapeutic Mechanisms ◽  
Radiation Pneumonia ◽  
Mesenchymal Transformation

AbstractRadiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is one of the most common complications associated with radiotherapy, characterized by early-stage radiation pneumonia and subsequent radiation pulmonary fibrosis. However, effective therapeutic strategies for RILI are currently lacking. Recently, an increasing number of studies reported that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can enhance the regeneration of damaged tissue, modulate the inflammatory response, reduce the levels of fibrotic cytokines and reactive oxygen species, and inhibit epithelial-mesenchymal transformation. Interestingly, MSCs can also exert immunosuppressive effects, which highlights a new potential therapeutic activity of MSCs for managing RILI. Here, we reviewed the potential applications and therapeutic mechanisms of action of MSCs in RILI, which will represent a good compendium of information for researchers in this field.

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