Anti-inflammatory effects of blood platelets in the rat

1979 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. H. Smith ◽  
J. P. Bolam
2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 248-253
Author(s):  
Gabi Topor ◽  
Aurel Nechita ◽  
Mihaela Debita ◽  
Corina Ciupilan ◽  
Elena Roxana Axente

Anti-inflammatory-analgesic medication is known to have a wide spread, its indications going beyond the area of rheumatology, aimed at various fields, cardiology, nephrology, hematology,neurology, etc. Many years of aspirin has constituted the health expectation of millions of patients. Most nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory analgesics (ASNS) are acidic compounds derived mainly from carboxylic acids and enolic acids. The non-acidic compounds are numerically reduced and relatively unrelated. The main effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesics arise following antipyretic action, analgesic action and anti-immflamatory in varying proportions to each structural group. Each drug has the specificity of single actions, the global way of explaining the clinical effects remains little known. Anti-inflammatory (anti-termic) in acute rheumatism or other inflammatory joint disorders, anti-platelet antiaggregant, aspirin prevents aggregation of blood platelets (which have a role in stopping bleeding).This is why it is used to prevent thrombosis (clotting of blood in the arteries or veins) with an impOliant role in preventing myocardial infarction. The study includes 126 patients who often used aspirin. Interaction of aspirin with other drugs mainly occurs in the plasma albumin, platelets, liver, kidney and gastrointestinal tract. Considered a common drug, often used by patients without the physician�s indication, some of them under maintenance medication (corticosteroid, anticoagulants, antiplatelet, antidiabetics, cytostatics), aspirin may cause important complications.


2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (01) ◽  
pp. 52-64
Author(s):  
Shivram Krishna ◽  
Harikesh Maurya

Non-Steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are consisting of three major anti-pyretic, anti-inflammatory and anti-analgesics properties. They have reduced the sensation of pain, body temperature, and inflammation. It is also used for the treatment of the long-term health problems like arthritis (rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and lupus). NSAIDs highly protect the lining of the stomach and intestines from the damaging effects of acid promote blood clotting by activating blood platelets, and promote normal function of the kidney. Incompatible with the action of NSAIDs many different types of drugs and plant use for the treatment of the analgesic, inflammation and pyretic activity. Diclofenac inhibit the cyclooxygenase (COX-2) enzyme with the greater potency that it (COX-1). NSAIDs are generally used in the management of pain because of the integrated role of the COX pathway that is recognition of pyretic, inflammation and analgesic. Introduction to painful procedures and/or stressors during the early neonatal period can reprogram the underlying neurocircuitry involved in nociception and neuropathic pain perception. The reprogramming of these systems can result in an enduring elevation in sympathy towards mechanical and thermal stimuli. During adolescence, hind paw mechanical removal thresholds were evaluated using an electronic von Frey Anesthesiometer. Animals challenged neonatally with LPS (nLPS) had increased pain sensitivity on this measure which was related with decreased Oprm1 expression in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and periaqueductal gray (PAG) of both male and female rats. There was no effect of inflammatory treatment on either anxiety or depressive-like behavior suggesting that affective functioning did not account for differences in mechanical pain sensitivity.


Author(s):  
E. T. O'Toole ◽  
R. R. Hantgan ◽  
J. C. Lewis

Thrombocytes (TC), the avian equivalent of blood platelets, support hemostasis by aggregating at sites of injury. Studies in our lab suggested that fibrinogen (fib) is a requisite cofactor for TC aggregation but operates by an undefined mechanism. To study the interaction of fib with TC and to identify fib receptors on cells, fib was purified from pigeon plasma, conjugated to colloidal gold and used both to facilitate aggregation and as a receptor probe. Described is the application of computer assisted reconstruction and stereo whole mount microscopy to visualize the 3-D organization of fib receptors at sites of cell contact in TC aggregates and on adherent cells.Pigeon TC were obtained from citrated whole blood by differential centrifugation, washed with Ca++ free Hank's balanced salts containing 0.3% EDTA (pH 6.5) and resuspended in Ca++ free Hank's. Pigeon fib was isolated by precipitation with PEG-1000 and the purity assessed by SDS-PAGE. Fib was conjugated to 25nm colloidal gold by vortexing and the conjugates used as the ligand to identify fib receptors.


Author(s):  
B.A. Shinoda ◽  
M.D. Hardison ◽  
S.F. Mohammad ◽  
H.Y.K. Chuang ◽  
R.G. Mason

The utilization of blood platelets in experimentation frequently requires their separation from blood and subsequent resuspension in media of known composition. Several methods are available for preparation of isolated platelets (1-3) by differential centrifugation or gel filtration, but most methods are tedious and time consuming. Often platelets obtained by use of such methods are in a state different functionally and ultrastructurally from that of platelets in plasma (4).Recently Mohammad, Reddick, and Mason (5) reported a method in which platelets were separated from plasma by ADP-induced aggregation, washed several times, and then incubated in a carefully selected medium that resulted in deaggregation of platelets.


Author(s):  
Quintin J. Lai ◽  
Stuart L. Cooper ◽  
Ralph M. Albrecht

Thrombus formation and embolization are significant problems for blood-contacting biomedical devices. Two major components of thrombi are blood platelets and the plasma protein, fibrinogen. Previous studies have examined interactions of platelets with polymer surfaces, fibrinogen with platelets, and platelets in suspension with spreading platelets attached to surfaces. Correlative microscopic techniques permit light microscopic observations of labeled living platelets, under static or flow conditions, followed by the observation of identical platelets by electron microscopy. Videoenhanced, differential interference contrast (DIC) light microscopy permits high-resolution, real-time imaging of live platelets and their interactions with surfaces. Interference reflection microscopy (IRM) provides information on the focal adhesion of platelets on surfaces. High voltage, transmission electron microscopy (HVEM) allows observation of platelet cytoskeletal structure of whole mount preparations. Low-voltage, high resolution, scanning electron microscopy allows observation of fine surface detail of platelets. Colloidal gold-labeled fibrinogen, used to identify the Gp Ilb/IIIa membrane receptor for fibrinogen, can be detected in all the above microscopies.


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