W01.43 Evidence for anti-inflammatory activity of statins and fibrates from studies in human C-reactive protein transgenic mice and in cultured human hepatocytes

Introduction: Evaluation of anti-inflammatory action of Codelac® Broncho with Thymus Serpyllum (elixir) in comparison with Fenspiride was carried out on the model of acute carrageenan inflammation of the paws in rats. Materials and methods: Edema was caused by subplantar injection of 0.1 ml of 1% λ- carrageenan gel into the hind paw. The severity of edema was assessed by using 37140 plethysmometer (UGO BASILE, Italy). The measurements were performed before edema induction and 1, 2, 4, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours afterwards. Anti-inflammatory activity of the drugs was also evaluated based on the analysis of rats’ blood, C-reactive protein concentration and histological examination results. Results and discussion: A decrease in the paw volume increment was revealed in the group with the studied drug in comparison with the group with the carrageenan edema model (control) 4, 12, 24 hours after injection of carrageenan (p<0.05). As a result of plethysmometry, a more pronounced anti-inflammatory effect of the studied drug than that of Fenspiride was revealed. There was a significant decrease in the levels of leukocytes (p<0.05), lymphocytes (p<0.05), monocytes (p<0.05) and neutrophils (p<0.05) in the group with the studied drug compared to those the the control 48 hours after the initiation of edema, while in the group with Fenspiride, there was only a decrease in the levels of leukocytes (p<0.05) and lymphocytes (p<0.05). There were no differences in the concentration of C-reactive protein between the groups. Conclusion: The obtained data indicate a more pronounced anti-inflammatory activity of Codelac® Broncho with Thymus Serpyllum in comparison with Fenspiride, on the model of acute carrageenan inflammation of the paw in rats.

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Evidence for anti-inflammatory activity of statins and PPARα activators in human C-reactive protein transgenic mice in vivo and in cultured human hepatocytes in vitro

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood-2003-11-3791 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 103 (11) ◽

pp. 4188-4194 ◽

Cited By ~ 130

Author(s):

Robert Kleemann ◽

Lars Verschuren ◽

Bert-Jan de Rooij ◽

Jan Lindeman ◽

Moniek M. de Maat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transgenic Mice ◽

Nuclear Translocation ◽

Plasma Cholesterol ◽

Luciferase Reporter ◽

Transcriptional Level ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Cholesterol Lowering ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Inflammatory processes, aside from cholesterol, play a central role in atherogenesis. Human C-reactive protein (huCRP) signals systemic inflammation and independently predicts future cardiovascular risk. Cholesterol-lowering statins reduce atherosclerosis and plasma huCRP levels. Evidence is sought for a direct anti-inflammatory statin effect in vivo, independent of effects on plasma cholesterol and atherogenesis. The effect of atorvastatin and simvastatin on huCRP expression was studied in nonatherosclerotic huCRP transgenic mice and compared with another class of hypolipidemic drugs, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARα) activators, notably fenofibrate and Wy14643. Like statins, PPARα activators combine antiatherosclerotic properties with huCRP-lowering effects. Dietary treatment with statins or PPARα activators decreased basal and interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-induced plasma huCRP levels independently of cholesterol lowering. These direct anti-inflammatory in vivo effects occurred at the transcriptional level and could be confirmed in cultured human liver slices and in human hepatoma cells transiently transfected with a huCRP promoter-driven luciferase reporter. A molecular rationale for the suppression of IL-1-induced huCRP transcription is provided by showing that statins and PPARα activators up-regulate IκBα protein expression. This results in a reduced nuclear translocation of p50-nuclear factor κ B (NFκB) and thereby decreased amounts of nuclear p50-NFκB∼CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta (C/EBPβ) complexes, which determine the huCRP transcription rate. Our results provide conclusive evidence for a direct suppressive effect of statins and PPARα activators on huCRP expression independent of cholesterol lowering and atherogenesis. (Blood. 2004;103:4188-4194)

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Chronic Induction of C-Reactive Protein by Hemodialysis, but Not by Peritoneal Dialysis Therapy

Peritoneal Dialysis International ◽

10.1177/089686089601600213 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 158-162 ◽

Cited By ~ 65

Author(s):

Marion Haubitz ◽

Reinhard Brunkhorst ◽

Eike Wrenger ◽

Peter Froese ◽

Matthias Schulze ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Renal Insufficiency ◽

Chronic Renal Insufficiency ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Dialysis Therapy ◽

Dialysis Treatment ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Before And After ◽

Patient Groups

Objective Evaluation of the inflammatory activity in patients on chronic peritoneal dialysis (PD) and patients on chronic hemodialysis (HD) in comparison to patients with chronic renal insufficiency without dialysis treatment and healthy volunteers. Design Open, non randomized prospective study. Setting Nephrology Department, including HD and PD therapy in a university hospital. Patients Twenty -four patients on chronic PD, 21 patients on chronic HD therapy using a cuprophan dialyzer, 16 patients with chronic renal insufficiency without dialysis treatment, and 33 healthy volunteers; 8 additional patients before and after initiation of chronic HD therapy. All patients and controls were without infection or immunosuppressive therapy. Main Outcome Measures As a marker of the inflammatory activity in the different patient groups, C-reactive protein (CAP) was measured serially using a sensitive, enzyme-Iinked, immunosorbent assay in order to detect values below the detection limit of standard assays. Results All patient groups had CAP levels higher than the normal controls (p < 0.01). Patients on HD had CAP levels significantly higher than PD patients (p < 0.01) whose levels were comparable to patients without dialysis therapy. Accordingly, longitudinal measurements before and after initiation of chronic HD showed a significant increase in CAP levels after the beginning of HD treatment (p < 0.04). Conclusions The results suggest that induction of the inflammatory activity is lower during PD compared to HD, since stimulation by the dialyzer membrane, dialysate buffer, or bacterial fragments in the dialysate is avoided. This observation might indicate a possible lower risk of long-term complications in patients with PD.

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Expression of rabbit C-reactive protein in transgenic mice

Immunology and Cell Biology ◽

10.1038/icb.1995.82 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 73 (6) ◽

pp. 521-531 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

CAROL S LIN ◽

DONGYUAN XIA ◽

JEUNG S YUN ◽

THOMAS WAGNER ◽

TERRY MAGNUSON ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transgenic Mice ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein

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Dietary Fiber's Effect on High Sensitivity C-reactive Protein Serum in Sedentary Workers

World Nutrition Journal ◽

10.25220/wnj.v05.i1.0006 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 40

Author(s):

Livia Kurniati Saputra ◽

Dian Novita Chandra ◽

Ninik Mudjihartini

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

The Body ◽

Low Grade ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Dietary Fiber Intake ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Low Grade Inflammation ◽

Inflammatory Effect

Low grade inflammation has been recognized of being involved in the pathogenesis of chronic disease pandemic. Individual lifestyle plays a major role in the development of low grade inflammation. Sedentary workers are at risk of low grade inflammation due to the nature of their work. Dietary habit also contributes to inflammatory status in the body. Dietary fiber intake indirectly affects the immune system. It has been hypothesized that fiber has anti-inflammatory effects, both body weight-related and body weight-unrelated This review will focus more on body weight-unrelated anti-inflammatory effect of fiber, especially through fiber’s fermentation metabolites, the short chain fatty acid (SCFA). Its anti-inflammatory effect can be seen by monitoring a biomarker of inflammation in the body, the high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). This review’s objective is to cover the mechanisms and role of dietary fiber intake on serum hsCRP level as a marker of low grade inflammation on sedentary workers.

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The Clinical Significance of Increased Serum Proinflammatory Cytokines, C-Reactive Protein, and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate in Patients with Hidradenitis Suppurativa

Mediators of Inflammation ◽

10.1155/2017/2450401 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

D. Jiménez-Gallo ◽

R. de la Varga-Martínez ◽

L. Ossorio-García ◽

C. Albarrán-Planelles ◽

C. Rodríguez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate ◽

Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽

Sedimentation Rate ◽

Hidradenitis Suppurativa ◽

Staging System ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Erythrocyte Sedimentation

Objectives. To assess inflammatory serum markers including serum proinflammatory cytokines, C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) according to the clinical inflammatory activity of patients with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). Patients and Methods. Seventy-four patients with HS were studied based on the Hidradenitis Suppurativa-Physician Global Assessment (HS-PGA) score and Hurley staging system. Proinflammatory cytokines were measured using a multiplex cytokine assay. Twenty-two healthy volunteers were recruited. Results. Serum interleukin- (IL-) 6, IL-23, soluble tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) receptor I (sTNF-RI), CRP, and ESR were different in the patients with HS compared with those in the healthy controls (P<0.05). The levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-17A, sTNF-RII, CRP, and ESR were significantly elevated according to inflammatory activity based on HS-PGA scores (r>0.25, P<0.05). The levels of IL-6 (r=0.53, P<0.001), CRP (r=0.54, P<0.001), and ESR (r=0.60, P<0.001) were especially well correlated with clinical inflammatory activity based on HS-PGA scores. The levels of IL-6, IL-8, sTNF-RI, sTNF-RII, CRP, and ESR were significantly elevated according to Hurley staging system. Conclusions. Serum proinflammatory cytokines, CRP, and ESR are increased in relation to the clinical inflammatory activity of patients with HS compared with healthy controls. Serum IL-6, CRP, and ESR are effective biomarkers for evaluating the severity of HS.

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Gum Arabic (Acacia Senegal) Augmented Total Antioxidant Capacity and Reduced C-Reactive Protein among Haemodialysis Patients in Phase II Trial

International Journal of Nephrology ◽

10.1155/2020/7214673 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nour Elkhair Ali ◽

Lamis AbdelGadir Kaddam ◽

Suad Yousif Alkarib ◽

Babikir Gabir Kaballo ◽

Sami Ahmed Khalid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Gum Arabic ◽

Oxidative Stress Marker ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

End Stage

Background. Oxidative processes might increase in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) according to the current literature. Oxidative stress (OS) is a risk factor of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular complications, which are major causes of mortality among ESRD patients. Haemodialysis (HD) is life-saving procedure, nevertheless it is an active chronic inflammatory status that could augment cardiovascular disease and increase mortality. Gum Arabic (GA) has been claimed to act as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent in experimental studies and clinical trials. Therefore, we assumed GA supplementation among haemodialysis patients would reduce oxidative stress and consequently reduce the state of chronic inflammatory activation associated with haemodialysis. Methods. Forty end-stage renal failure (ESRF) patients aged 18–80 years who were on regular haemodialysis in Arif Renal Center, Omdurman, Sudan, were recruited. All recruited patients met the inclusion criteria and signed informed consent prior to enrolment. The patients received 30 g/day of GA for 12 weeks. C-reactive protein (CRP) and complete blood count (CBC) were measured as baseline and monthly. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured before and after GA intake. Ethical approval from the National Medicines and Poisons Board was obtained. Results. Gum Arabic significantly augmented total antioxidant capacity level (P<0.001) (95% CI, 0.408–0.625) and also attenuated oxidative marker MDA and C-reactive protein (P<0.001). Conclusions. GA has revealed potent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties in haemodialysis patients. Oral digestion of GA (30 g/day) decreased oxidative stress and inflammatory markers among haemodialysis patients. Trial registration. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03214692, registered 11 July 2017 (prospective registration).

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