Influence of Carbon Nanofibers on Thermal and Mechanical Properties of NC-TEGDN-RDX Triple-Base Gun Propellants

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinpeng Shen ◽  
Zhitao Liu ◽  
Bin Xu ◽  
Hao Liang ◽  
Yao Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanofibers ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Gun Propellants

Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Carbon-Nanofiber Infused Polyurethane Foam

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Atiqur Bhuiyan ◽  
Mahesh V. Hosur ◽  
Yaseen Farooq ◽  
Shaik Jeelani
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanofibers ◽  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Carbon Nanofiber ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Agitator

In this study, thermal and mechanical properties of carbon nanofiber infused polyurethane foam were investigated. Low density liquid polyurethane foam composed of Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate (Part A) and Polyol (Part B) was doped with carbon nanofibers (CNF). A high-intensity ultrasonic liquid processor was used to obtain a homogeneous mixture of Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate (Part A) and carbon nanofibers (CNF). The CNF were infused into the Part A of the polyurethane foam through sonic cavitation. The modified foams containing nanoparticles were mixed with Part B (Polyol) using a high-speed mechanical agitator. The mixture was then cast into pre-heated rectangular aluminum molds to form the nano-phased foam panels. Flexure, static and high strain rate compression, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) were performed on neat, 0.2 wt%, 0.4 wt% and 0.6 wt% CNF filled polyurethane foam to identify the effect of adding CNF on the thermal and mechanical properties. The highest improvement on thermal and mechanical properties was obtained with 0.2 wt% loading of CNF. Morphology of the samples was studied through X-ray diffraction.

Fabrication and characterization of carbon nanofibers coated expandable thermoplastic microspheres-based polymer composites

2022 ◽  
Vol 05 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanda Jones ◽  
Bedanga Sapkota ◽  
Brian Simpson ◽  
Tarig A. Hassan ◽  
Shaik Jeelani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanofibers ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Sonochemical Method ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polymer Shell ◽  
Composite Foam ◽  
Composite Foams

Background: Thermoplastic expandable microspheres (TEMs) are spherical particles that consist of polymer shell encapsulating a low boiling point liquid hydrocarbon that acts as the blowing agent. When TEMs are heated at 80-190 C, the polymer shell softens and the hydrocarbon gasifies, causing the microspheres expand leading to increase in volume and decrease in density. TEMs are used in food packaging, elastomeric cool roof coatings, shoe soles, fiber and paper board, and various applications in the automotive industry. It is noted that TEMs are known by its brand name ‘Expancel’ which is also used to refer TEMs in this paper. Objective: The objective of this work was to develop and characterize forms prepared from TEMs with/without carbon nanofibers (CNFs) coatings to study the effect of CNFs on structural, thermal, and mechanical properties. Method: Sonochemical method was used to coat TEMs with various weight percentage (1, 2, and 3 %) of CNF. Neat foam (without CNF) and composite foams (TEMs coated with various wt.% of CNF) were prepared by compression molding the TEMs and TEMs-CNF composites powders. Thermal and mechanical properties of the neat and composite foams were investigated. Result: The mechanical properties of the composite foam were notably improved, which is exhibited by a 54% increase in flexural modulus and a 6% decrease in failure strain with the TEMs-(2 wt.% CNF) composite foam as compared to the neat foam. Improvement in thermal properties of composite foam was demonstrated by a 38% increase in thermal stability at 800 ºC with the TEMs-(1 wt.% CNF) composite foam as compared to the neat foam. However, no change in glass transition of TEMs was observed with the CNF coating. SEM-based analysis revealed that CNFs were well dispersed throughout the volume of the TEMs matrix forming a strong interface. Conclusions: Straightforward sonochemical method successfully triggered efficient coating of TEMs with CNFs resulting to strong adhesion interface. The mechanical properties of composite foams increased up to 2% of CNFs coating and then decreased with the higher coating presumably due to interwoven bundles and aggregation of CNFs, which might have acted as critical flaws to initiate and propagate cracking. Thermal properties of foams increased with the CNFs coating while no change in glass transition temperature was observed due to coating.

Surface modification of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) by plasma polymerization of methylmethacrylate and its effect on the properties of PMMA/CNF nanocomposites

e-Polymers ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neira-Velázquez María Guadalupe ◽  
Luis Francisco Ramos-de Valle ◽  
Ernesto Hernández-Hernández ◽  
Ivan Zapata-González
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Carbon Nanofibers ◽  
Plasma Polymerization ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Plasma Power ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Plasma Process ◽  
Substantial Impact

AbstractCarbon nanofibers (CNFs) were modified via plasma polymerization using methyl methacrylate (MMA) as monomer and used as reinforcements for polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). Conditions of the MMA plasma process in a specially designed reactor and plasma-polymerized methyl methacrylate (PPMMA) films were studied. The study involved varying the process time at a constant plasma power of 100 W and a constant MMA flow rate (0.15 cm3 per min). Nanocomposites of PPMMA-coated CNFs and PMMA were prepared with 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 and 8.0 %wt of treated CNFs. The effect of the MMA plasma on the CNFs was analyzed. Dispersion of the modified CNFs was evaluated in several solvents. The results confirmed a change in hydrophobicity of the treated CNFs. The inclusion of treated CNFs exhibited substantial impact on the properties of the PMMA/CNF nanocomposites. The thermal and mechanical properties of the PMMA/CNF composites were examined. It was found that the thermal stability increased by about 8% and the Young´s modulus significantly enhanced by as much as 178% when compared to PMMA with no CNFs.

Carbon Nanomaterials in Flames: from 0-D to 1-D and 2-D

MRS Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (19) ◽  
pp. 1313-1325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengzhi Luo ◽  
Lingmin Liao ◽  
Xiang Qi ◽  
Yueli Liu ◽  
Bing Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanofibers ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Journal Papers

ABSTRACTCarbon nanomaterials are viewed as promising building blocks of future nanotechnology because of their superior electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties. Carbon nanomaterials can be synthesized by a variety of methods, in which flames offer a potential route in large quantities at a significantly lower cost. Our group has worked on growth of carbon nanomaterials involving carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and graphenes in flames for more than 15 years, and almost 100 journal papers have been published. In this paper, we review the advances in synthesis of carbon nanomaterials from flames in detail together with discussion on the major challenges and opportunities for practical applications.

Cytocompatibility and Material Properties of Poly-carbonate Urethane/Carbon Nanofiber Composites for Neural Applications

2003 ◽  
Vol 774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janice L. McKenzie ◽  
Michael C. Waid ◽  
Riyi Shi ◽  
Thomas J. Webster
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanofibers ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanofiber ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Tissue Response ◽  
Positive Interactions ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Poly Carbonate

AbstractCarbon nanofibers possess excellent conductivity properties, which may be beneficial in the design of more effective neural prostheses, however, limited evidence on their cytocompatibility properties exists. The objective of the present in vitro study was to determine cytocompatibility and material properties of formulations containing carbon nanofibers to predict the gliotic scar tissue response. Poly-carbonate urethane was combined with carbon nanofibers in varying weight percentages to provide a supportive matrix with beneficial bulk electrical and mechanical properties. The substrates were tested for mechanical properties and conductivity. Astrocytes (glial scar tissue-forming cells) were seeded onto the substrates for adhesion. Results provided the first evidence that astrocytes preferentially adhered to the composite material that contained the lowest weight percentage of carbon nanofibers. Positive interactions with neurons, and, at the same time, limited astrocyte functions leading to decreased gliotic scar tissue formation are essential for increased neuronal implant efficacy.

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