Use of EC Criteria for Determining Health and Environmental Hazards for Classification of Chemicals for Environmental Risk

1998 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Winder ◽  
Didier Gonzalez-Calderon
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Environmental Hazards

scholarly journals Zoneamento ambiental do polo de desenvolvimento agroindustrial do Alto Piranhas, Estado da Paraíba

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
J. S. Almeida ◽  
J. M. Costa ◽  
P. X. Pamplona ◽  
P. B. Maracajá ◽  
W. F. Melo
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Spatial Differentiation ◽  
Environmental Hazards ◽  
Map Algebra ◽  
Industry Development ◽  
Environmental Vulnerability ◽  
Semiarid Environment ◽  
Environmental Deterioration

<p>Este trabalho teve como objetivo zonear os níveis de deterioração ambiental na paisagem entre os anos de 2001 e 2012, adotando os critérios da ecodinâmica nos municípios que compõe o polo de desenvolvimento agroindustrial do Alto Piranhas. Foram realizadas análises envolvendo a dinâmica da paisagem e da vulnerabilidade ambiental. A metodologia utilizada na pesquisa foi baseada em localizações pontuais, que inclui o processo de selecionar e combinar, através de procedimento de álgebra de mapas disponíveis em um SIG, cada variável geográfica contém diferenciação espacial e a combinação entre elas promove a subdivisão do espaço geográfico em regiões equiproblemáticas. Tomando-se por base as superposições dos mapas geológico, geomorfológico e pedológico foi efetuado o mapa de zoneamento ambiental, com informações que permitiram identificar as condições do meio natural e suas aptidões. Esses fatores foram comparados entre si, conforme a importância atribuída a elas. Os resultados indicaram que as áreas centrais concentram as classes com maiores riscos ambientais, como as instáveis (risco ambiental entre 60 e 80%), e as de instabilidade emergente (risco maior que 80. Já nas áreas distribuídas em toda a área de estudo encontra-se as áreas com risco ambiental entre 40 e 60% (instabilidade moderada). Com base na análise, percebe-se que a área de estudo possui um tênue equilíbrio por estar localizado em ambiente semiárido que pode ser rompido com facilidade com a intensificação das atividades agroindustriais.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>Environmental zoning polo agro industry development of Alto Piranhas, </em></strong><strong>Paraíba State</strong><strong><em></em></strong></p><p class="HOLOS-ResumoeAbstract"><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>: </strong>This study aimed to zone the levels of environmental deterioration in the landscape between the years 2001 and 2012, adopting the criteria of ecodynamics municipalities that make up the hub of agro-industrial development of the Alto Piranhas. Analyzes involving the dynamics of landscape and environmental vulnerability were performed. The methodology used in this research was based on specific locations, including the process of selecting, combining, through map algebra available in a GIS procedure, each geographical variable contains spatial differentiation, and the combination between them promotes the geographical subdivision of space equiproblemáticas regions. Taking as a basis the superimposition of geological, geomorphological and pedological maps was made environmental zoning map, with information that allowed the identification of the conditions of the natural environment and their skills. These factors were compared according to the importance assigned to them. The results indicated that the central areas concentrate the classes with larger environmental hazards such as unstable (environmental risk between 60 and 80%), and the emerging instability (greater than 80 risk. Already on distributed throughout the area of study areas located the areas with environmental risk between 40 and 60% (moderate unrest). Based on the analysis, it is noticed that the study area has a fine balance to be located in semiarid environment that can be broken easily with the intensification of agribusiness activities.</p>

scholarly journals Environmental risk classification of emerging contaminants in an alpine stream influenced by seasonal tourism

2020 ◽  
Vol 115 ◽  
pp. 106428
Author(s):  
Sara Villa ◽  
Valeria Di Nica ◽  
Sara Castiglioni ◽  
Antonio Finizio
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Emerging Contaminants ◽  
Risk Classification ◽  
Alpine Stream

scholarly journals Methodological Approaches to Planning the Organization of Supply Environmental Safety on Sport Industry Objects

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Environmental Education ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Environmental Hazards ◽  
Sports Facilities ◽  
Basic Functions ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Organizational Principles ◽  
Sports Activities

Methodological approaches to planning the organization of environmental safety in sports facilities were developed taking into account the provisions of the environmental safety system concept for sports activities, including the implementation of the main provisions of the environmental safety system concept in sports activities: organizational principles, basic functions, current and future planning environmental safety management plan for sports objects holding a public discussion of the provisions set out in the plans. It was established that the planning of the organization of ensuring environmental safety at sports facilities should take into account the main provisions of the concept of the system for ensuring the environmental safety of sports activities: methodological approaches, organizational principles, basic functions. This should take into account the conceptual provisions of environmental risk management: zoning areas used for sports activities according to the degree of environmental risk (acceptable, moderate, elevated, high); acceptance of the limits of acceptable risk (fully acceptable, partially acceptable, completely unacceptable); regular monitoring of environmental hazards with a forecast of their occurrence; environmental education for those involved in sports activities; development of economic and social measures to prevent the negative impact of environmental hazards in the field of sports; health promotion athletes. The plan for the organization of environmental safety in a sports facility should consist of the following main areas of activities: organizational; operational; repair and reconstruction; environmental protection; legal; educational and financial. Conclusions. Planning the organization of ensuring environmental safety at sports facilities should take into account the main provisions of the concept of the system for ensuring the environmental safety of sports activities: methodological approaches, organizational principles, basic functions, conceptual approaches to environmental risk management. In order to draw up a plan for ensuring the organization of environmental safety at a sports facility, it is first necessary to collect and analyze environmental information in the direction of environmental safety. The plan for the organization of environmental safety in a sports facility should contain the following main sections: organizational and planning measures; operational activities; measures for the construction, repair and reconstruction of environmental facilities; legal measures on environmental safety issues; environmental education and training, financial support for the organization of environmental safety; regulatory standard maintenance of environmental safety.

scholarly journals Data linkage to national Australian health insurance data to investigate exposure to environmental hazards: the example of residential asbestos

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Phil Anderson ◽  
Rosemary Korda ◽  
Hsei Di Law ◽  
Martyn Kirk ◽  
Tenniel Guiver
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Data Linkage ◽  
Environmental Hazards ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Health Insurance Data ◽  
Population Number ◽  
Australian Health ◽  
National Medical

IntroductionThe enrolment data for Medicare, the Australian universal health insurance provider, covers almost the entire population. Medicare data are commonly used for data linkage, usually to access national medical and pharmaceutical data. However, the enrolment data also enable the identification of geographical cohorts for studies analysing exposure to environmental hazards. Objectives and ApproachOne example of this was the ACT Asbestos Health Study examining the health risks associated with living in houses insulated with loose-fill asbestos in the Australian Capital Territory. The Medicare Enrolment File contains the personal details and addresses of all people enrolled since 1984, including all updates to these details. We linked these data to a register of ~1100 affected properties, with subsequent linkage to the national death index and the Australian Cancer Database. We estimated Standardized Incidence Ratios (SIR) for selected cancers in people living in these houses to obtain a measure of exposure to environmental risk within the population. ResultsAfter intensive cleaning and standardisation, nearly all (99.8%) of the affected addresses were linked. There were over one million people who had at least one ACT address between 1983 and 2013, and 2% of these had lived at an affected address and classified as exposed. The adjusted incidence of mesothelioma in exposed males was 2·5 times that of unexposed males (SIR 2·54, 95% CI 1·02–5·24), and there were some statistically significant results. The study population, number of deaths and cancers of interest were validated against the ACT census and registry figures. There were some limitations in coverage due to the period of available data, the frequency of address updates, and records with postal rather than residential addresses, but these were tested by sensitivity analyses. Conclusion/ImplicationsThe study demonstrates the power of data linkage to (a) obtain a measure of exposure to an environmental risk within a population, and (b) obtain outcomes for the resulting case and control cohorts. This method could be applied in other risk studies where exposure is based on geography.

THE RELEVANCE OF RISK ASSESSMENT IN ENVIRONMENTAL APPROVALS AND DECISION MAKING

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 715 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.T. Stoklosa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Ecological Risk Assessment ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Environmental Risk Assessment ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Environmental Hazards ◽  
Decision Makers

The relevance of ecological risk assessment is the principal subject of this paper. The petroleum industry has demonstrated expertise in characterising process safety risk, and can confidently analyse the circumstances of accidental or routine emissions to the environment. However, the task of characterising the effects of environmental hazards on ecological systems has until recently been the domain of a select group of research scientists and theoreticians.As environmental risk assessment practices evolve, they, of course, gain the attention of decision-makers that must consider the possible consequences of industrial development in potentially sensitive settings. There would appear to be an opportunity for advancing risk assessment techniques and methodologies to fill this demand. It might seem appropriate for the petroleum industry to exercise leadership in this endeavour, applying new technology in ecological risk assessment and setting new standards of performance.But what would be the purpose of refining the petroleum industry's approach to environmental risk assessment if decision makers and the public do not wish to embrace the ideology of more perfect scientific expressions of the risk of development to the environment? Decision makers seek to obtain the best possible scientific advice on which to base decisions. However, the criteria for decision-making is understandably weighted in favour of consultation with stakeholders on issues of high social significance.In order for risk assessment to constructively influence debate and decision-making on environmental issues, it is essential to recognise the features of the environment at risk that have both biological and societal relevance. Even so, the scientific practice of ecological risk assessment can only serve to highlight the issues at hand and communicate the strategy for managing risk. It does not stand to be regarded by decision-makers as the panacea for justifying industrial development in the foreseeable future.A methodology for applying the practice of risk assessment in environmental approvals and decision making is proposed. A strategy of early government participation ensures that the major scientific and social issues can be incorporated explicitly in the risk assessment process. The criteria for interpreting the acceptability of risk must be stated unambiguously at the outset to foster credibility in the results. To be a successful and relevant practice, risk must be communicated to stakeholders with both an explanation of the uncertainty in the results, and a comparison of the risk of industrial development to naturally occurring and anthropogenic environmental hazards.

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