Control of Urban Runoff Stormwater Discharge to Receiving Waters Using Off-Line Storage

2006 ◽  
pp. 33-44
Author(s):  
L. Bornatici ◽  
C. Ciaponi ◽  
S. Papiri
Keyword(s):  
Urban Runoff ◽  
Receiving Waters

A comparative analysis: storm water pollution policy in California, USA and Victoria, Australia

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 311-317
Author(s):  
X. Swamikannu ◽  
D. Radulescu ◽  
R. Young ◽  
R. Allison
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Urban Runoff ◽  
The United States ◽  
Storm Water ◽  
Discharge Rates ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Receiving Waters

Urban drainage systems historically were developed on principles of hydraulic capacity for the transport of storm water to reduce the risk of flooding. However, with urbanization the percent of impervious surfaces increases dramatically resulting in increased flood volumes, peak discharge rates, velocities and duration, and a significant increase in pollutant loads. Storm water and urban runoff are the leading causes of the impairment of receiving waters and their beneficial uses in Australia and the United States today. Strict environmental and technology controls on wastewater treatment facilities and industry for more than three decades have ensured that these sources are less significant today as the cause of impairment of receiving waters. This paper compares the approach undertaken by the Environmental Protection Authority Victoria for the Melbourne metropolitan area with the approach implemented by the California Environmental Protection Agency for the Los Angeles area to control storm water pollution. Both these communities are largely similar in population size and the extent of urbanization. The authors present an analysis of the different approaches contrasting Australia with the USA, comment on their comparative success, and discuss the relevance of the two experiences for developed and developing nations in the context of environmental policy making to control storm water and urban runoff pollution.

scholarly journals Draining function of porous asphalt during snowmelt and temporary freezing

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 594-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Bäckström ◽  
A Bergström
Keyword(s):  
Freezing Point ◽  
Urban Runoff ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Cold Climates ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Porous Asphalt ◽  
The World ◽  
Porous Pavement ◽  
Receiving Waters

Urban runoff creates problems with flooding and pollution of receiving waters. Furthermore, cold climate conditions have a degenerating effect on stormwater systems and road constructions. Porous asphalt has been used as a wearing course on highways and in porous pavement constructions all around the world. The main focus of this study was to evaluate the function of porous asphalt in cold climates. Measurements of the draining function of porous asphalt were carried out in a climate room with adjustable temperature in the range -10°C to +20°C. At freezing point, the infiltration capacity of porous asphalt was approximately 50% of the infiltration capacity at +20°C. When the porous asphalt was exposed to alternating melting and freezing during 2 days, conditions similar to the snowmelt period, the infiltration capacity was reduced by approximately 90%. Based on the results of this study and previous studies, the infiltration capacity of porous asphalt was estimated to be 1-5 mm/min for snowmelt conditions.Key words: cold climate, infiltration, porous asphalt, porous pavement, stormwater.

Development of a Methodology to Determine the Pollution Discharged by a Combined Sewer Network

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 15-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Cherrered ◽  
B. Chocat
Keyword(s):  
Urban Runoff ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
Relative Effect ◽  
Actual State ◽  
Combined Sewer Overflow ◽  
Combined Sewer Overflows ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Receiving Waters ◽  
Sewer Overflow ◽  
The Impact

Until a few years ago, there was not much research in France into Combined Sewer Overflow phenomena in storm weather. The water of urban runoff has always been considered “clean” and one considered that the dilution of dry weather flows in storm water decreased the impact of the pollution generated by overflows. Now, with increased urban development and realization of the importance of pollution caused by urban runoff, the problem can be considered differently. Indeed, some quality studies of receiving waters show that combined sewer networks represent an important pollution source for the natural environment, due to the increasing relative effect of combined sewer overflow discharge into receiving waters. Thus, combined sewer overflows have until recently been the least known part of the sewer system. In this present communication, methodology to estimate combined overflows has been elaborated after exploitation of data resulted from ten French real case studies where such problems were observed. This study has been realized in four steps:- A bibliography study to discover the actual state of the problem in terms of existent methods concerning both experimentation and modelling and to define the needs of the research.- Ten French studies have been selected, analysed, and used to define the different methods used, and to show methodological lacunas from the observations and results realized. Elements of improvement have been proposed.- Methods and new propositions have been defined and a coherent methodological diagram has been realized to compare and test these methods.- Computer tools have been conceived and tested in the ten study cases.

Monitor-based evaluation of pollutant load from urban stormwater runoff in Beijing

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 191-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Liu ◽  
W. Che ◽  
J. Li
Keyword(s):  
Point Source ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Stormwater Runoff ◽  
Urban Runoff ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Urban Stormwater ◽  
Pollutant Load ◽  
Pollutant Loads ◽  
Receiving Waters

As a major pollutant source to urban receiving waters, the non-point source pollution from urban runoff needs to be well studied and effectively controlled. Based on monitoring data from urban runoff pollutant sources, this article describes a systematic estimation of total pollutant loads from the urban areas of Beijing. A numerical model was developed to quantify main pollutant loads of urban runoff in Beijing. A sub-procedure is involved in this method, in which the flush process influences both the quantity and quality of stormwater runoff. A statistics-based method was applied in computing the annual pollutant load as an output of the runoff. The proportions of pollutant from point-source and non-point sources were compared. This provides a scientific basis for proper environmental input assessment of urban stormwater pollution to receiving waters, improvement of infrastructure performance, implementation of urban stormwater management, and utilization of stormwater.

Urban Greening and Human-Wildlife Relations in Philadelphia: From Animal Control to Multispecies Coexistence?

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Hunold
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Runoff ◽  
Urban Wildlife ◽  
Wildlife Habitat ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Urban Greening ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Animal Control

City-scale urban greening is expanding wildlife habitat in previously less hospitable urban areas. Does this transformation also prompt a reckoning with the longstanding idea that cities are places intended to satisfy primarily human needs? I pose this question in the context of one of North America's most ambitious green infrastructure programmes to manage urban runoff: Philadelphia's Green City, Clean Waters. Given that the city's green infrastructure plans have little to say about wildlife, I investigate how wild animals fit into urban greening professionals' conceptions of the urban. I argue that practitioners relate to urban wildlife via three distinctive frames: 1) animal control, 2) public health and 3) biodiversity, and explore the implications of each for peaceful human-wildlife coexistence in 'greened' cities.

Evaluating Endocrine Distuption in Receiving Waters: Screening for Biomarkers

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (0) ◽  
pp. 9781780403120-9781780403120
Author(s):  
P. V. Cline ◽  
N. Denslow ◽  
P. Meyer ◽  
S. Goudey ◽  
A. Lewellen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receiving Waters

Large-Scale Application of Biofiltration Swale Runoff Management Practices

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Peak Flow ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Urban Runoff ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Check Dams ◽  
Runoff Reduction ◽  
Impervious Area ◽  
Hydrologic Responses

Retaining rainfall where it lands is a fundamental benefit of Low Impact Development (LID). The Delaware Urban Runoff Management Model (DURMM) was developed to address the benefits of LID design. DURMM explicitly addresses the benefits of impervious area disconnection as well as swale flow routing that responds to flow retardance changes. Biofiltration swales are an effective LID BMP for treating urban runoff. By adding check dams, the detention storage provided can also reduce peak rates. This presentation explores how the DURMM runoff reduction approach can be integrated with detention routing procedures to project runoff volume and peak flow reductions provided by BMP facilities. This approach has been applied to a 1,200 unit project on 360 hectares located in Delaware, USA. Over 5 km of biofiltration swales have been designed, many of which have stone check dams placed every 30 to 35 meters to provide detention storage. The engineering involved in the design of such facilities uses hydrologic modeling based upon TR-20 routines, as adapted by the DURMM model. The hydraulic approach includes routing of flows through the check dams. This presentation summarizes the hydrological network, presents the hydrologic responses, along with selected hydrographs to demonstrate the potential of design approach.

Laboratory Prediction of Phosphorus Release from Deciduous Leaves to Urban Runoff

1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Culbert ◽  
Robert France
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Empirical Equation ◽  
Urban Runoff ◽  
Phosphorus Release ◽  
Total Export ◽  
Forested Watershed ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Trembling Aspen ◽  
Urban Catchments

Abstract In urban centres, leaves are customarily gathered and temporarily stored in large roadside piles prior to their transport to disposal sites. To simulate the release of total phosphorus to urban runoff, birch and trembling aspen leaves were leached with distilled water in laboratory flasks. There was no difference in rate of total phosphorus release between oven-dried and non-dried leaves. An empirical equation developed from these data and knowledge of the litterfall rates for southern Canada indicated that leaves yielded from 11 to 45 mg TP m−2 of forested watershed. This amount represents up to 5% of the total export of total phosphorus from urban catchments and has the potential to exacerbate eutrophication of municipal waters if leaf pickup is not promptly enforced.

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