Evolving Role of Natriuretic Peptides from Diagnostic Tool to Therapeutic Modality

2018 ◽  
pp. 109-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ines Pagel-Langenickel
Keyword(s):  
Natriuretic Peptides ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Therapeutic Modality

Natriuretic Peptides – Addressing the Dilemma of Heart Failure Management

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Kenneth McDonald ◽  
Ulf Dahlström ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
Natriuretic Peptides ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Heart Failure Management ◽  
Effective Screening ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
Objective Marker

Heart failure (HF) is characterised by non-specific symptoms and unremarkable physical examination; therefore, the need exists for an available objective marker of HF status. Natriuretic peptides (NPs) are a marker that can aid the dilemmas in present-day HF management. More effective screening for clinical deterioration would include changes in brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels. Normal values for BNP, <50–100 pg/ml, have excellent negative predictive value (NPV) in excluding HF as a diagnosis. BNP values that are significantly elevated, e.g. >500 pg/ml, make the diagnosis of HF more likely. There are now established and emerging uses for NPs in managing HF in the community. These include the role of NPs at the time of possible new presentation of HF, its role in prognostication and, finally, the increasing interest in using NPs to guide therapy in the outpatient setting.

scholarly journals Current Modulation of Guanylate Cyclase Pathway Activity—Mechanism and Clinical Implications

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3418
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Grześk ◽  
Alicja Nowaczyk
Keyword(s):  
Guanylate Cyclase ◽  
Natriuretic Peptides ◽  
Soluble Guanylate Cyclase ◽  
Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
First Line ◽  
Phosphodiesterase Type ◽  
Activity Mechanism

For years, guanylate cyclase seemed to be homogenic and tissue nonspecific enzyme; however, in the last few years, in light of preclinical and clinical trials, it became an interesting target for pharmacological intervention. There are several possible options leading to an increase in cyclic guanosine monophosphate concentrations. The first one is related to the uses of analogues of natriuretic peptides. The second is related to increasing levels of natriuretic peptides by the inhibition of degradation. The third leads to an increase in cyclic guanosine monophosphate concentration by the inhibition of its degradation by the inhibition of phosphodiesterase type 5. The last option involves increasing the concentration of cyclic guanosine monophosphate by the additional direct activation of soluble guanylate cyclase. Treatment based on the modulation of guanylate cyclase function is one of the most promising technologies in pharmacology. Pharmacological intervention is stable, effective and safe. Especially interesting is the role of stimulators and activators of soluble guanylate cyclase, which are able to increase the enzymatic activity to generate cyclic guanosine monophosphate independently of nitric oxide. Moreover, most of these agents are effective in chronic treatment in heart failure patients and pulmonary hypertension, and have potential to be a first line option.

scholarly journals How reliable is procalcitonin as an inflammatory marker?1)

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. ---
Author(s):  
Katharina Biller ◽  
Peter Fae ◽  
Reinhard Germann ◽  
Autar K. Walli ◽  
Peter Fraunberger
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Inflammatory Marker ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Intensive Care Patients ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract The role of procalcitonin (PCT) plasma levels as a diagnostic tool for intensive care patients has been intensively investigated during the past years. In particular for recognition of bacterial infections, PCT levels have been shown to be superior to other clinical and biochemical markers. Furthermore, some very recent studies show that in patients with lower respiratory tract infections PCT guided antibiotic therapy reduces antibiotic use and thereby may also reduce duration of stay of patients in hospital and thus cut hospitalisation costs. However, various studies indicate that the value of PCT as a prognostic marker is limited because of false positive or negative values. Despite these limitations PCT plasma levels are currently measured in intensive care units. The present study summarises the possible clinical uses of this laboratory marker as a diagnostic tool for the assessment of critically ill patients.

Genetic Disorders, Genotyping Techniques and the Emerging Role of Tetra-ARMS-PCR as a Diagnostic Tool

Resonance ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 1229-1240
Author(s):  
Motiur Rahaman ◽  
Mandrita Mukherjee ◽  
Nishant Chakravorty
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Arms Pcr

scholarly journals Brain natriuretic peptide: Diagnostic potential in dogs

2009 ◽  
Vol 63 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 381-392
Author(s):  
Ljubica Spasojevic-Kosic
Keyword(s):  
Brain Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptides ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Cardiac Insufficiency ◽  
Everyday Clinical Practice ◽  
Coronary Arterial Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
Adequate Method

The endocrine role of the heart is evident in the secretion of noradrenaline and natriuretic peptides. The secretion of natriuretic peptides presents a useful mechanism for different conditions of cardiac dysfunction. Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) has been accepted in human cardiology as a biomarker for cardiac insufficiency and coronary arterial disease. The specificity of the BNP structure is specie-specific, so that the testing of diagnostic and prognostic potential in dogs requires the existence of a test that is a homologue for that animal specie. The existence of an adequate method for measuring BNP concentration makes possible its implementation as a screening test in everyday clinical practice. .

scholarly journals Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in the development and progression of pulmonary arterial hypertension

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ahmed ◽  
Edmund Miller
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Migration Inhibitory Factor ◽  
Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor ◽  
Inhibitory Factor ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
Therapeutic Modality ◽  
Macrophage Migration ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been described as a pro-inflammatory cytokine and regulator of neuro-endocrine function. It plays an important upstream role in the inflammatory cascade by promoting the release of other inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha and IL-6, ultimately triggering a chronic inflammatory immune response. As lungs can synthesize and release MIF, many studies have investigated the potential role of MIF as a biomarker in assessment of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and using anti-MIFs as a new therapeutic modality for PAH.

The role of hydrogen bonding in tuning CEST contrast efficiency: A comparative study of intra and inter molecular hydrogen bonding

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalini Pandey ◽  
Subhayan Chakraborty ◽  
Rimilmandrita Ghosh ◽  
Divya Radhakrishnan ◽  
Saravanan Peruncheralathan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Molecular Hydrogen

The effectiveness of MRI as a diagnostic tool have increased tremendously after the discovery of contrast agents (CA). Most of the clinically approved CAs at present are relaxation based and...

Involvement of neutrophils in machineries underlying the rupture of intracranial aneurysms

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mika Kushamae ◽  
Haruka Miyata ◽  
Manabu Shirai ◽  
Kampei Shimizu ◽  
Mieko Oka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Immunohistochemical Study ◽  
Therapeutic Modality ◽  
Major Type ◽  
Collagenolytic Activity ◽  
Inflammatory Stimuli ◽  
A Site ◽  
Gene Expression Profile Data

Abstract Background: Subarachnoid hemorrhage due to rupture of an intracranial aneurysm (IA) has quite a poor prognosis once after the onset despite of the modern technical advancement. The development of a novel therapeutic modality to prevent rupture or a diagnostic method to stratify dangerous lesions from many stable ones is thus mandatory for social health. To this end, mechanisms underlying rupture of lesions should be clarified. Methods: We and others have developed the rat model in which induced IAs spontaneously rupture resulting in subarachnoid hemorrhage. To clarify molecular cascades regulating rupture, we obtained gene expression profile data from rupture-prone lesions and revealed the enrichment of neutrophil-related terms in rupture-prone lesions by Gene Ontology analysis. Next, to validate a role of neutrophils in rupture of lesions, G-CSF was administered to a rat model. Results: As a result, G-CSF treatment not only increased number of neutrophils infiltrating in lesions but also significantly facilitated rupture of the lesions without increase the incidence. To clarify mechanisms how neutrophils facilitate rupture of IAs, we used HL-60 cell line and found that inflammatory stimuli enhanced the collagenolytic activity of MMP9. Immunohistochemical study using IA lesions from a rat model identified neutrophils as a major type of cells producing MMP9 around a site of rupture and consistently the collagenolytic activity of MMP9 was detected in ruptured lesions. Conclusions: These results combined together suggest the crucial role of neutrophil to rupture of IAs and also propose the potential of this type of cells as a candidate of therapeutic or diagnostic targets.

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