Detection of Autoantibodies Against Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein in Multiple Sclerosis and Related Diseases

2015 ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melania Spadaro ◽  
Edgar Meinl
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein

Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein and Multiple Sclerosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria-Eleni Androutsou ◽  
Anthi Tapeinou ◽  
Alexios Vlamis-Gardikas ◽  
Theodore Tselios
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein

Recurrent ataxia and dysarthria in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. e245341
Author(s):  
Uddalak Chakraborty ◽  
Shrestha Ghosh ◽  
Amlan Kusum Datta ◽  
Atanu Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Male Patient ◽  
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ◽  
Aquaporin 4 ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Neurological Presentation ◽  
New Biomarkers ◽  
Demyelinating Disorders

The spectrum of central nervous system demyelinating disorders is vast and heterogeneous and, often, with overlapping clinical presentations. Misdiagnosis might occur in some cases with serious therapeutic repercussions. However, introduction of several new biomarkers such as aquaporin-4 IgG and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein IgG has made distinction between diseases such as multiple sclerosis and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disorder easier. Here, we report a case of a 15-year-old male patient with subacute multifocal neurological presentation without encephalopathy, eventually diagnosed as myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disorder.

Anti-myelin antibodies do not allow earlier diagnosis of multiple sclerosis

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 492-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
E T Lim ◽  
T Berger ◽  
M Reindl ◽  
C M Dalton ◽  
K Fernando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Myelin Basic Protein ◽  
Basic Protein ◽  
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ◽  
Clinically Isolated Syndrome ◽  
Resonance Imaging

This study investigates whether the presence of serum and plasma anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) and anti-myelin basic protein (MBP) in patients presenting with a clinically isolated syndrome compatible with demyelination (CIS) predicts early conversion to multiple sclerosis (MS). Forty-seven patients with CIS (46 with optic neuritis) had anti-MOG and anti-MBP antibodies analysed at baseline, and clinical and magnetic resonance imaging assessments. There was no evidence that the MS status based on either the McDonald or Poser criteria relates to the antibody status.

Myelin basic protein and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein T-cell repertoire in childhood and juvenile multiple sclerosis

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 412-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Correale ◽  
Silvia N Tenembaum
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Myelin Basic Protein ◽  
Basic Protein ◽  
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ◽  
T Cell Repertoire ◽  
Adult Onset ◽  
Cell Repertoire ◽  
Juvenile Onset ◽  
Exon 2

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is usually a disease of young adulthood, its clinical onset occurring between 20 and 40 years of age; however, today there is general consensus that MS can also occur in children, adolescents and even in infants. In order to gain further insight into the T-cell repertoire present in this particular group of patients myelin basic protein (MBP)-, MBP exon-2- and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)Igd-specific T-cell lines (TCLs) were isolated from 18 patients whose symptoms had started before the age of 16. Epitope specificity was established by measuring proliferative responses, and interferon-g (IFN-g) secretion by using a panel of overlapping synthetic peptides. For MOGIgd, the T-cell response was focused on three main immunodominant epitopes comprising residues 1-26, 36-60 and 63-87. For MBP the predominant immune responses were directed against peptides 83-102, 139-153 and 146-162. When compared to those observed in adult-onset MS patients, anti-MOGIgd specificity and anti-MBP responses showed similar results. Moreover, the number of MBP exon-2 TCLs isolated, and the magnitude of the specific IFN-g secretion induced were similar, both in childhood/juvenile-onset and adult-onset MS patients. Thus, despite differences in the clinical and neuroimaging manifestations of MS, these results would seem to indicate that both the spectrum of MBP found, as well as the MOGIgd epitopes recognized by peripheral blood T cells in MS, appear to be similar for childhood/juvenile-onset and adult-onset patients.

scholarly journals CSF levels of glutamine synthetase and GFAP to explore astrocytic damage in seronegative NMOSD

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 605-611
Author(s):  
Iris Kleerekooper ◽  
Megan K Herbert ◽  
H Bea Kuiperij ◽  
Douglas Kazutoshi Sato ◽  
Kazuo Fujihara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Glutamine Synthetase ◽  
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Similar Pattern ◽  
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Csf Levels

ObjectiveTo explore levels of astrocytopathy in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) by measuring levels of the astrocytic enzyme glutamine synthetase (GS) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), an established astrocytic biomarker known to be associated with disease activity in multiple sclerosis.MethodsCerebrospinal fluid concentrations of GS and GFAP were measured by ELISA in patients with NMOSD (n=39, 28 aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-Ab-seropositive, 3 double-Ab-seronegative, 4 myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-Ab-seropositive and 4 AQP4-Ab-seronegative with unknown MOG-Ab-serostatus), multiple sclerosis (MS) (n=69), optic neuritis (n=5) and non-neurological controls (n=37).ResultsGFAP and GS concentrations differed significantly across groups (both p<0.001), showing a similar pattern of elevation in patients with AQP4-Ab-seropositive NMOSD. GS and GFAP were significantly correlated, particularly in patients with AQP4-Ab-seropositive NMOSD (rs=0.70, p<0.001). Interestingly, GFAP levels in some patients with double-Ab-seronegative NMOSD were markedly increased.ConclusionsOur data indicate astrocytic injury occurs in some patients with double-Ab-seronegative NMOSD, which hints at the possible existence of yet undiscovered astrocytic autoimmune targets. We hypothesise that elevated GS and GFAP levels could identify those double-Ab-seronegative patients suitable to undergo in-depth autoimmune screening for astrocytic antibodies.

Brainstem and cerebellar involvement in MOG-IgG-associated disorder versus aquaporin-4-IgG and MS

2020 ◽  
pp. jnnp-2020-325121
Author(s):  
Samantha A Banks ◽  
Padraig P Morris ◽  
John J Chen ◽  
Sean J Pittock ◽  
Elia Sechi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ◽  
Aquaporin 4 ◽  
Oligoclonal Bands ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Middle Cerebellar Peduncle ◽  
Cerebellar Involvement ◽  
Cerebellar Peduncle ◽  
Csf Oligoclonal Bands

ObjectiveTo determine the frequency and characteristics of brainstem or cerebellar involvement in myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein-antibody-associated-disorder (MOGAD) versus aquaporin-4-IgG-seropositive-neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (AQP4-IgG-NMOSD) and multiple sclerosis (MS).MethodsIn this observational study, we retrospectively identified 185 Mayo Clinic MOGAD patients with: (1) characteristic MOGAD phenotype, (2) MOG-IgG seropositivity by live cell-based assay and (3) MRI lesion(s) of brainstem, cerebellum or both. We compared the symptomatic attacks to AQP4-IgG-NMOSD (n=30) and MS (n=30).ResultsBrainstem or cerebellar involvement occurred in 62/185 (34%) MOGAD patients of which 39/62 (63%) were symptomatic. Ataxia (45%) and diplopia (26%) were common manifestations. The median age in years (range) in MOGAD of 24 (2–65) was younger than MS at 36 (16–65; p=0.046) and AQP4-IgG-NMOSD at 45 (6–72; p=0.006). Isolated attacks involving the brainstem, cerebellum or both were less frequent in MOGAD (9/39 (23%)) than MS (22/30 (73%); p<0.001) but not significantly different from AQP4-IgG-NMOSD (14/30 (47%); p=0.07). Diffuse middle cerebellar peduncle MRI-lesions favoured MOGAD (17/37 (46%)) over MS (3/30 (10%); p=0.001) and AQP4-IgG-NMOSD (3/30 (10%); p=0.001). Diffuse medulla, pons or midbrain MRI lesions occasionally occurred in MOGAD and AQP4-IgG-NMOSD but never in MS. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) oligoclonal bands were rare in MOGAD (5/30 (17%)) and AQP4-IgG-NMOSD (2/22 (9%); p=0.68) but common in MS (18/22 (82%); p<0.001). Disability at nadir or recovery did not differ between the groups.ConclusionInvolvement of the brainstem, cerebellum or both is common in MOGAD but usually occurs as a component of a multifocal central nervous system attack rather than in isolation. We identified clinical, CSF and MRI attributes that can help discriminate MOGAD from AQP4-IgG-NMOSD and MS.

scholarly journals Anti-Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein and Human Leukocyte Antigens as Markers in Pediatric and Adolescent Multiple Sclerosis: on Diagnosis, Clinical Phenotypes, and Therapeutic Responses

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria P. Gontika ◽  
Maria C. Anagnostouli
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Genetic Locus ◽  
Human Leukocyte ◽  
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ◽  
Demyelinating Diseases ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Clinical Phenotypes

Early-onset (pediatric and adolescent) multiple sclerosis (MS) is a well-established demyelinating disease that accounts for approximately 3-5% of all MS cases. Thus, identifying potential biomarkers that can reflect the pathogenic mechanisms, disease course and prognosis, and therapeutic response in such patients is of paramount importance. Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) has been regarded as a putative autoantigen and autoantibody target in patients with demyelinating diseases for almost three decades. However, recent studies have suggested that antibodies against MOG represent a distinct clinical entity of dominantly humoral profile, with a range of clinical phenotypes closely related to the age of onset, specific patterns of disease course, and responses to treatment. Furthermore, the major histocompatibility complex (MHC)—which has been regarded as the “gold standard” for attributing genetic burden in adult MS since the early 1970s—has also emerged as the primary genetic locus in early-onset MS, particularly with regard to the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles DRB1⁎1501 and DRB1⁎0401. Recent studies have investigated the potential interactions among HLA, MOG, and environmental factors, demonstrating that early-onset MS is characterized by genetic, immunogenetic, immunological, and familial trait correlations. In this paper, we review recent evidence regarding HLA-genotyping and MOG antibodies—the two most important candidate biomarkers for early-onset MS—as well as their potential application in the diagnosis and treatment of MS.

scholarly journals Differences in morphology and visual function of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody and multiple sclerosis associated optic neuritis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rino Vicini ◽  
Dominik Brügger ◽  
Mathias Abegg ◽  
Anke Salmen ◽  
Hilary Michelle Grabe
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein

MOG-Ab prevalence in optic neuritis and clinical predictive factors for diagnosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. 842-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Baptiste Ducloyer ◽  
Angelique Caignard ◽  
Ramzi Aidaoui ◽  
Yolaine Ollivier ◽  
Guillaume Plubeau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Predictive Factors ◽  
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ◽  
Clinically Isolated Syndrome ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Bilateral Involvement ◽  
Optic Disc Swelling ◽  
Male Sex

ObjectiveWhat is the proportion of antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG-Ab) in optic neuritis (ON) in adults and what would be the ON presentation for which MOG-Ab should be tested?MethodsMulticentric prospective study conducted during 1 year on all patients diagnosed with acute ON in all ophthalmological units in hospitals in a region in western France.ResultsSixty-five patients were included. MOG-Ab prevalence was 14% (9/65) during an acute ON and 13% (7/55) after exclusion of patients already diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) (8) or MOG+ON (2). Compared with MS and clinically isolated syndrome, MOG+ON had no female preponderance (67% of men in case of MOG+ON and 22% of men in case of MS and clinically isolated syndrome, p<0.05) were more often bilateral (44% vs 3%, p<0.005) and associated with optic disc swelling (ODS) (78% vs 14%, p<0.001). To predict MOG+ON, the positive predictive values (PPVs) of male sex, ODS and bilateral involvement were 29% (95% CI 9% to 48%), 41% (95% CI 18% to 65%) and 40% (95% CI 10% to 70%), respectively, while the negative predictive values (NPV) were 93% (95% CI 86% to 100%), 96% (95% CI 90% to 100%) and 91% (95% CI 83% to 99%), respectively. The combined factor ‘ODS or bilateral or recurrent ON’ was the best compromise between PPV (31% (95% CI 14% to 48%)) and NPV (100% (95% CI 100% to 100%)).ConclusionAmong ON episodes, MOG-Ab were found in 14% of cases. MOG+ON occurred without female preponderance and was significantly associated with ODS and/or bilateral ON. Testing MOG-Ab only in patients presenting with ODS or bilateral or recurrent ON would limit MOG-Ab tests to fewer than half of all patients without the risk of missing any MOG+ON cases.

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