scholarly journals Correction to: A Framework for Understanding the Empowerment Effects of Telecentres on Rural Communities in Developing Countries

2020 ◽  
pp. C1-C1
Author(s):  
Sellina Khumbo Kapondera ◽  
Roberta Bernardi ◽  
Niki Panteli
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Rural Communities

Community Networks for Addressing Affordability of ICT Access in African Rural Areas

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Takavarasha Jr. ◽  
Carl Adams ◽  
Liezel Cilliers
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Community Networks ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Disadvantaged Communities ◽  
Digital Divides ◽  
Global North ◽  
Vexed Question

Mobile ICTs have addressed the digital divides between the global south and the global north. While a phenomenal mobile penetration in developing countries has enabled ICT4D innovations by connecting previously unconnected people, several communities suffer adverse inclusion or lack access altogether. Such digital divides within countries have been attributed to technical, social, and economic issues. As a result, many approaches to bridging the digital divides have been used by both academics and practitioners. This chapter, therefore, discusses the potential use of community networks for providing sustainable and affordable access to rural communities in developing countries. In addition to the advantages of community networks, the chapter presents the challenges thereof, and it contributes to the vexed question about how to harness ICTs to empower the disadvantaged communities in developing countries. A case study of Zenzeleni Makhosi community network in South Africa's Eastern Cape province is presented and analysed using Sen's capability approach.

A Case Study of Information Technology Education and Economic Development in Rural Nigeria

2012 ◽  
pp. 666-683
Author(s):  
Adekunle Okunoye ◽  
Nancy Bertaux ◽  
Abiodun O. Bada ◽  
Elaine Crable ◽  
James Brodzinski
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Careful Attention ◽  
Information Technology Education ◽  
Rural Nigeria ◽  
It Education ◽  
It Training

This essay presents a case study of Information Technology (IT) education as a contributor to economic and human development in rural Nigeria. The case of Summit Computers suggests that for developing countries to benefit from advances in IT, the following factors are of great importance and can be enhanced by IT education initiatives: convenience, affordability, emphasis on participation and empowerment of local users, encouragement of entrepreneurship, and building awareness among potential users. Additionally, careful attention should be given to how IT training can meet local employment and other needs are important factors in rural communities in developing countries such as Nigeria.

scholarly journals Research Insights and Knowledge Headways for Developing Remote, Off-Grid Microgrids in Developing Countries

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhi Chatterjee ◽  
Daniel Burmester ◽  
Alan Brent ◽  
Ramesh Rayudu
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Review Process ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Rural Electrification ◽  
Value Proposition ◽  
Remote Communities ◽  
The World ◽  
Key Aspects

Recent reports from international energy agencies indicate that more than a billion of the population in the world is deprived of basic electricity provisions, confined mainly to the remote communities of developing nations. Microgrids are promoted as a potential technology for electricity provisions to off-grid rural communities, but have failed to reach their value proposition in the context of rural electrification access. In view of the rampant rural electrification issues, the objective of this paper is to furnish an understanding of, and advance the knowledge into, methods to facilitate the design and development of microgrid systems for remote communities in developing countries. The methodology involves an integrative review process of an annotated bibliography to summarise past empirical or theoretical literature. As such, this research is based on evaluation attributes, and identifies the challenges and barriers for remote microgrids through an analysis of 19 case studies. The paper concludes by proposing key aspects that need to be considered for developing a framework to improve the sustainability of electricity provisions for off-grid rural communities in developing countries.

Mycotoxin Crises: Fit-for-Purpose Analytical Responses in the Developing World

2018 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 609-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon S Shephard
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
General Population ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Rapid Responses ◽  
Fit For Purpose ◽  
Small Holder

Abstract In developed market economies, control of mycotoxin exposure in the general population is achieved by legislated regulations governing maximum permitted levels. Such regulations are widely enforced to prevent outbreaks of overt mycotoxicoses. In developing countries, particularly in Africa, the situation is reversed, and individual mycotoxin exposures can be high, especially in rural communities reliant on subsistence or small-holder farming and local markets. Besides the effects of chronic mycotoxin exposure, Africa in recent years has experienced outbreaks of acute toxicity, such as aflatoxicosis. Recognizing and handling mycotoxin-induced health crises requires a range of responses, many of which rely on the provision and availability of fit-for-purpose analytical methods. Although regional laboratories may be able to provide support, rapid responses require in-field test kits reliant on antibody technologies. The future development of aptamers into test systems may be an important component of these analytical responses, as they provide important advantages in terms of stability, shelf-life, and low production costs.

Decision-making criteria and indicators for water and sanitation projects in developing countries

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Garfì ◽  
Laia Ferrer-Martí
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Multicriteria Analysis ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Local Staff ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Basic Sanitation

Water and sanitation projects for solving the needs of small communities in developing countries are complex in nature and involve complex decision-making, which must consider technical, socio-economic and environmental dimensions. Multicriteria analysis (MCA) is a suitable decision-aid method that scores a finite number of options on the basis of a set of evaluation criteria. The main challenge in MCA is choosing the appropriate criteria and evaluation indicators to use for assessment. The aim of this paper is to present a comprehensive and wide list of criteria and evaluation indicators as a guideline in MCA of water and basic sanitation projects in small rural communities of developing countries. First, the paper details the general criteria to be considered in all the projects, which are classified in to 4 main groups: technical (e.g. local resources use, appropriate management); social (e.g. local community participation, overcoming discrimination of conflict); economic (e.g. low cost, employment of local staff) and environmental criteria (e.g. atmospheric emissions, water pollution). Then, it describes technical criteria to be additionally considered in each specific type of project: water supply (e.g. water needs, independent access), water treatment (e.g. constant resource availability, flexibility of use for different types of water) and basic sanitation projects (e.g. maximum number of people per system, effluent quality).

scholarly journals Towards sustainable energy system options for improving energy access in Southern Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-72
Author(s):  
Henerica Tazvinga ◽  
Oliver Dzobo ◽  
Maxwell Mapako
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Energy Access ◽  
Energy Services ◽  
Electricity Grid ◽  
Productive Activities ◽  
Sustainable Energy System

Access to modern energy services is one of the pre-requisites to improved livelihood, yet the poor, particularly in developing countries, remain tied to unhealthy and inefficient traditional fuels. Renewable energy technologies are increasingly popular energy supply alternatives to fossil-based fuels in many countries. This study presents sustainable energy system implementation options for increasing energy access in developing countries, with special emphasis on Sub-Saharan Africa. A feasibility case study and various implementation options are presented for possible deployment of these systems. Hybrid optimization of multiple energy resources software was used to simulate and validate the proposed hybrid system design and performance. The simulation results indicate that hybrid systems would be feasible options for distributed generation of electric power for remote locations and areas not connected to the electricity grid. Such a hybrid energy system, through providing modern energy services, gives promise to free-up rural communities to engage in productive activities. The opportunity to power or facilitate productive activities such as agro-processing, fabrication and services can potentially reduce poverty.

scholarly journals A Study on Impact of Digitalization Rural Development in Khambhat Taluka

2019 ◽  
pp. 220-224
Author(s):  
Sahima N.Vohra
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
The United States ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Digital Gap

In recent years, information and communication technology (ICT) has rapidly spread across the globe, along with increased market penetration and easy availability of economical smartphones and cell phones with both wired and nonwired connections to access the Internet; this leapfrogging in the Internet access is true even in the rural areas of the world's developing countries. This study explored the interplay between contextual and individual factors related to Internet adoption in isolated rural communities. By investigating 10 remote villages throughout Chile that received Internet access infrastructure in 2010–2011, we identified 3 areas in which contextual and individual factors are intertwined.1.Geogeaphical isolation,2. the communities' aging population also represented a strong challenge because they lack young people, a relevant technology socialization agent.3.Jon and economic. When the Internet has reached the vast majority of the population, isolated communities confront specific challenges that we need to consider in policy?making decisions. As Internet access spreads and the level of penetration reaches high percentages in both developed and developing countries, the urban–rural digital gap remains strong (e.g., LaRose, Strover, Gregg, &Straubhaar, 2011; Rivera, Lima & Castillo 2014). Thus, many policy?making efforts have promoted online connection in rural areas. For example, in the United States, the Department of Agriculture has promoted broadband access programs such as the Sustainable Broadband Adoption Program (LaRose et al., 2012).

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