Human Factors in New Personal Learning Ecosystems: Challenges, Ethical Issues, and Opportunities

2019 ◽  
pp. 230-238
Author(s):  
Helene Fournier ◽  
Heather Molyneaux ◽  
Rita Kop
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Personal Learning

Factors Affecting the Design and Development of a Personal Learning Environment

2012 ◽  
pp. 226-236
Author(s):  
Helene Fournier ◽  
Rita Kop
Keyword(s):  
Learning Environment ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Learning Environments ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Interface Design ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Personal Learning ◽  
Personal Learning Environment ◽  
Personal Learning Environments

After speculation in literature about the nature of Personal Learning Environments, research in the design and development of PLEs is now in progress. This paper reports on the first phase of the authors’ research on PLE, the identification process of what potential users would consider important components, applications, and tools in a PLE. The methodology included surveying “super-users” on their use of existing tools, applications and systems and their preferences in learning, in order to enhance the development of a PLE and reach a specification that potential learners will find useful and empowering in their learning. The research resulted in suggestions on factors affecting technology use and uptake, human factors and attitudes, and interface design that need to be factored in the design and development of a PLE.

The challenges of conducting focus-group research among Asian older adults

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 408-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
KALYANI K. MEHTA
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Group Setting ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Personal Learning ◽  
Focus Group Research ◽  
Group Context ◽  
Conducting Research

ABSTRACTThe paper demonstrates the particular value of focus groups as a data collection method in studies of older people with particular reference to those living in large cities in Asia. The strengths and limitations of focus groups as a modality of qualitative research are discussed and a case study is presented. Some of the method's strengths derive from the synergy of the interactions among elders with a shared history and lived experiences. Focus-group exchanges have the potential for inter-personal learning and reminiscence benefits. One difficulty with the method, however, is that many Asian people are inhibited about sharing personal problems in a group context. Drawing from a number of empirical studies based in Singapore, the challenges of conducting focus groups with older participants are detailed and appropriate ways of addressing them considered. The article elaborates on the author's use of software such as NVivo to expedite the analysis of large volumes of transcribed data, and on the retrieval of relevant quotes. Software is useful in extracting themes from codes, as well as allowing the researcher to appreciate the links between codes. Ethical issues such as confidentiality, cultural sensitivities such as language and respect for religion and tradition, and lessons learnt from conducting research using the group setting are discussed. Culturally relevant responses to these challenges are offered which could be useful for future researchers conducting focus groups in Asia.

scholarly journals Human Simulation and Sustainability: Ontological, Epistemological, and Ethical Reflections

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 10039
Author(s):  
F. LeRon Shults ◽  
Wesley J. Wildman
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Cognitive Architectures ◽  
Transdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Modeling Process ◽  
Artificial Societies ◽  
Sustainability Research ◽  
Ethical Reflections ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Human Simulation

This article begins with a brief outline of recent advances in the application of computer modeling to sustainability research, identifying important gaps in coverage and associated limits in methodological capability, particularly in regard to taking account of the tangled human factors that are often impediments to a sustainable future. It then describes some of the ways in which a new transdisciplinary approach within “human simulation” can contribute to the further development of sustainability modeling, more effectively addressing such human factors through its emphasis on stakeholder, policy professional, and subject matter expert participation, and its focus on constructing more realistic cognitive architectures and artificial societies. Finally, the article offers philosophical reflections on some of the ontological, epistemological, and ethical issues raised at the intersection of sustainability research and social simulation, considered in light of the importance of human factors, including values and worldviews, in the modeling process. Based on this philosophical analysis, we encourage more explicit conversations about the value of naturalism and secularism in finding and facilitating effective and ethical strategies for sustainable development.

Case Study: Laparoscopic Appendicectomy Requirements and Human Factors Surrounding Emergency Care

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 104-110
Author(s):  
J Widdecombe ◽  
M Owen
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Emergency Care ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Laparoscopic Appendicectomy ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Unscheduled Care ◽  
Legal Professional

The purpose of this case study is to inform practitioners of the requirements for non-scheduled surgery and the legal, professional and ethical issues surrounding emergencies. Areas for learning include the surgical requirements for appendectomy, evaluation of the differences between scheduled and unscheduled care, and consideration of the vital role that human factors play in emergency situations.

Issues for Human Factors Experts in Litigation: (A Panel Presentation)

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 955-957
Author(s):  
Richard J. Hornick ◽  
Arthur Dan Fisk ◽  
Hal W. Hendrick ◽  
Kenneth Laughery ◽  
Richard Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Expert Witness ◽  
Witness Testimony ◽  
Expert Witness Testimony ◽  
Ethical Concerns ◽  
Business Professional ◽  
Professional Interactions

This panel will address business, professional, and ethical issues pertinent to providing human factors services for forensics application in expert witness testimony. Questions will be posed in areas of basic business conduct, professional interactions with counsel on both sides of the matter, challenges to introduction of HF testimony, ethical concerns including situations with HF experts on the opposing side, concluding with “your most hysterical, bizarre, frustrating, etc” experiences.

Confronting the grey zone after severe brain injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 707-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Peterson ◽  
Adrian M. Owen
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Vegetative State ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Grey Zone ◽  
Severe Brain Injury ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Legal Decision Making ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
The Brain

In recent years, rapid technological developments in the field of neuroimaging have provided several new methods for revealing thoughts, actions and intentions based solely on the pattern of activity that is observed in the brain. In specialized centres, these methods are now being employed routinely to assess residual cognition, detect consciousness and even communicate with some behaviorally non-responsive patients who clinically appear to be comatose or in a vegetative state. In this article, we consider some of the ethical issues raised by these developments and the profound implications they have for clinical care, diagnosis, prognosis and medical-legal decision-making after severe brain injury.

Ethical Issues in Nursing: Nutrition of Premature New-borns in Intensive Neonatal Care – Nurses between Care and Autonomy

Pflege ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
Monika Bobbert
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Neonatal Care ◽  
Ethische Konflikte ◽  
Ethische Probleme

Pflegeethik als relativ neuer Bereich der angewandten Ethik hat unter anderem die Aufgabe, auf ethische Probleme in der pflegerischen Praxis aufmerksam zu machen und diese zu reflektieren. An einem Fallbeispiel wird gezeigt, dass das pflegerische Vorgehen bei der Ernährung von Frühgeborenen ethische Konflikte bergen kann. Am konkreten Fall werden Fragen der Patientenautonomie und Fürsorge diskutiert, die auch für andere pflegerische Situationen relevant sind. Der Artikel leistet einen Beitrag zur Klärung der spezifischen Inhalte einer auf den Handlungsbereich der professionellen Pflege bezogenen Ethik.

Research Participation Experiences of Informants of Suicide and Control Cases

Crisis ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 238-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul W. C. Wong ◽  
Wincy S. C. Chan ◽  
Philip S. L. Beh ◽  
Fiona W. S. Yau ◽  
Paul S. F. Yip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Research Participation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Psychological Autopsy ◽  
Autopsy Study ◽  
The People ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Background: Ethical issues have been raised about using the psychological autopsy approach in the study of suicide. The impact on informants of control cases who participated in case-control psychological autopsy studies has not been investigated. Aims: (1) To investigate whether informants of suicide cases recruited by two approaches (coroners’ court and public mortuaries) respond differently to the initial contact by the research team. (2) To explore the reactions, reasons for participation, and comments of both the informants of suicide and control cases to psychological autopsy interviews. (3) To investigate the impact of the interviews on informants of suicide cases about a month after the interviews. Methods: A self-report questionnaire was used for the informants of both suicide and control cases. Telephone follow-up interviews were conducted with the informants of suicide cases. Results: The majority of the informants of suicide cases, regardless of the initial route of contact, as well as the control cases were positive about being approached to take part in the study. A minority of informants of suicide and control cases found the experience of talking about their family member to be more upsetting than expected. The telephone follow-up interviews showed that none of the informants of suicide cases reported being distressed by the psychological autopsy interviews. Limitations: The acceptance rate for our original psychological autopsy study was modest. Conclusions: The findings of this study are useful for future participants and researchers in measuring the potential benefits and risks of participating in similar sensitive research. Psychological autopsy interviews may be utilized as an active engagement approach to reach out to the people bereaved by suicide, especially in places where the postvention work is underdeveloped.

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