scholarly journals Commentary: A Spatial Planning Perspective on Privately Funded Natural Water Retention Measures

2019 ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
Lukas Löschner
Keyword(s):  
Natural Water ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Water Retention

scholarly journals Potential possibilities of water retention in agricultural loess catchments

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Zubala ◽  
Magdalena Patro
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Sample Analysis ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Small Catchments

Abstract The growing water deficit and the increased demand for water, as well as economic problems and inadequate spatial planning in many regions indicate a necessity of developing more effective rules of programming and realisation of works concerning the water management in small catchments. The paper presents a sample analysis of the possibilities of increasing water retention in the agricultural loess catchments with periodic streams. The scope of the study included the determination of physical parameters of selected sub-catchments (geometry, soil cover, land use, etc.) and of the sources of threat to water resources, resulting from construction and geomorphological conditions. Pre-design assumptions of dammings were developed, taking into account anti-erosion protective measures, and treatments increasing the landscape retention of water were proposed. Creating surface retention objects should be an important source of water in simplified agroecosystems, especially in regions, where productivity to a great extent depends on natural weather conditions. Proper management of the fourth-order loess basin of the Ciemięga River (area of about 150 km2, the presence of 50 lateral valleys) could give a temporary reservoir retention reaching 500 thousand m3. Farmers should be encouraged to seek “own water sources” (including the accumulation of water within wasteland), using appropriate economic instruments (tax reliefs for the documented volume of retained water, e.g. in small retention reservoirs).

scholarly journals Monitoring Green Infrastructure for Natural Water Retention Using Copernicus Global Land Products

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 1583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taramelli ◽  
Lissoni ◽  
Piedelobo ◽  
Schiavon ◽  
Valentini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Water ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Environmental Planning ◽  
Research Experiences ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Global Land ◽  
Policy Objectives ◽  
Floods And Droughts

Nature-based solutions are increasingly relevant tools for spatial and environmental planning, climate change adaptation (CCA), and disaster risk reduction (DRR). For this reason, a wide range of institutions, governments, and financial bodies are currently promoting the use of green infrastructure (GI) as an alternative or a complement to traditional grey infrastructure. A considerable amount of research already certifies the benefits and multi-functionality of GI: natural water retention measures (NWRMs), as GIs related specifically to the water sector are also known, are, for instance, a key instrument for the prevention and mitigation of extreme phenomena, such as floods and droughts. However, there are persisting difficulties in locating and identifying GI and one of the most promising solutions to this issue, the use of satellite-based data products, is hampered by a lack of well-grounded knowledge, experiences, and tools. To bridge this gap, we performed a review of the Copernicus Global Land Service (CGLS) products, which consist of freely-available bio-geophysical indices covering the globe at mid-to-low spatial resolutions. Specifically, we focused on vegetation and energy indices, examining previous research works that made use of them and evaluating their current quality, aiming to define their potential for studying GI and especially NWRMs related to agriculture, forest, and hydro-morphology. NWRM benefits are also considered in the analysis, namely: (i) NWRM biophysical impacts (BPs), (ii) ecosystem services delivered by NWRMs (ESs), and (iii) policy objectives (POs) expressed by European Directives that NWRMs can help to achieve. The results of this study are meant to assist GI users in employing CGLS products and ease their decision-making process. Based on previous research experiences and the quality of the currently available versions, this analysis provides useful tools to identify which indices can be used to study several types of NWRMs, assess their benefits, and prioritize the most suitable ones.

Modeling and evaluation of the effect of afforestation on the runoff generation within the Glinščica catchment (Slovenia)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregor Johnen ◽  
Klaudija Sapač ◽  
Simon Rusjan ◽  
Vesna Zupanc ◽  
Andrej Vidmar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Flood Damage ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Peak Reduction ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
Flood Regulation

<p><strong>Modeling and evaluation of the effect of afforestation on the runoff generation within the Glinščica catchment (Slovenia)</strong></p><p><strong>Gregor Johnen<sup>1</sup>, Klaudija Sapač<sup>2</sup>, Simon Rusjan<sup>2</sup>, Vesna Zupanc<sup>3</sup>, Andrej Vidmar<sup>2</sup>, Nejc Bezak<sup>2</sup></strong></p><p><sup>1 </sup>Radboud University Nijmegen, Faculty of Science</p><p><sup>2</sup> University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering</p><p><sup>3</sup> University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong>:</p><p>Increases in the frequency of flood events are one of the major risk factors induced by climate change that lead to a higher vulnerability of affected communities. Natural water retention measures such as afforestation on hillslopes and floodplains are increasingly discussed as cost-effective alternatives to hard engineering structures for providing flood regulation, particularly when the evaluation also considers beneficial ecosystem services other than flood regulation. The present study provides combined modelling approach and a cost-benefit analysis (CBA) of the impacts of afforestation on peak river flows and on selected ecosystem services within the Glinščica river catchment in Slovenia. In order to investigate the effects, the hydrological model HEC-HMS, the hydraulic model HEC-RAS and the flood damage model KRPAN, that was developed specifically for Slovenia, are used. It was found that increasing the amount of tree cover results in a flood peak reduction ranging from 9-13 %. Flood extensions were significantly lower for most scenarios leading to reduced economic losses. However, a 100-years CBA only showed positive net present values (NPV) for one of the considered scenarios and the benefits were dominated by the flood regulation benefits, which were higher than for example biodiversity or recreational benefits. Based on our findings we conclude that afforestation as a sole natural water retention measure (NWRM) provides a positive NPV only in some cases (i.e. scenarios) and if additional ecosystem co-benefits are considered.</p>

Achieving Flood Reduction with Natural Water Retention Measures in Agricultural Catchments in Ireland 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pia Laue ◽  
Paul Quinn ◽  
Mary Bourke ◽  
Darragh Murphy ◽  
Mark Wilkinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Sediment Traps ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Peak Reduction ◽  
Flood Water ◽  
The Impact

<p>In recent decades, land-use and climate change have dramatically altered catchment runoff rates. For example, agriculture intensification has led to increased flood risks by decreasing  soil permeability and reducing channel-floodplain connectivity. Natural Water Retention Measures (NWRM) is an approach that has been adopted European-wide for the attenuation of peak floods and the provision of wider ecosystem services. A reduction in peak flow is achieved by increasing water storage potential in the landscape and by modifying natural flow pathways. In agricultural areas (~70% of Irish land use),  runoff attenuation features such as offline ponds, earthen bunds, sediment traps and leaky dams are frequently deployed natural retention measures.</p><p>Despite the growing evidence across Europe of their efficacy for flood peak reduction, water quality enhancement and biodiversity on the local scale, NWRM features have not been adopted in Ireland as a flood mitigation approach. In order to build a case that will help address this, this presentation will detail a NWRM demonstrate site in Ballygow, Co. Wexford.  The construction and instrumentation of a network of features developed at the field-scale (~1km<sup>2</sup>) is shown. This site is an intensive pasture, small-hold farm. We aim to quantify the effectiveness of these NWRM features to demonstrate their potential to attenuate flood peaks on agricultural areas using temporary storage, whilst minimising the impact on farming.</p><p>The constructed measures consist of a flood swale that connects the channel to the floodplain during high flows, an earthen bund, an offline pond with a sediment trap, that can retain the water from the channel and contributing field slopes, for <12 hours. On-site video footage and eyewitnesses confirm that the flood water flows along the field without draining back into the stream. At approximately 800m across the field, the water is retained temporarily, permitting water storage and the opportunity for suspended sediment to settle out of the water column. Flood water is returned to the channel via a perched 20 cm diameter pipe in the bund. Four automated water level recorders (In-Situ Rugged Troll 100) continuously monitor water levels in the stream and the offline pond at 5 min intervals. In addition, local rainfall (EML Event Logger) is monitored. These data are used to identify the hydrograph characteristics of several storm events and are used to determine the effectiveness of the NWRM structures for flood attenuation. The quantification of the effectiveness of NWRM features will use the observed time series combined with hydraulic and hydrological modelling. </p><p>The quantitative evidence provided by our findings will contribute to establishing vital evidence for the implementation of local and national NWRM schemes in Ireland.</p>

scholarly journals Estimation and economic valuation of the forest retention capacities

2009 ◽  
Vol 13a (1) ◽  
pp. 149-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Tyszka
Keyword(s):  
Natural Water ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Small Reservoirs ◽  
Value Of Water ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Forest Impact ◽  
Economic Value Of Water

Estimation and economic valuation of the forest retention capacities Based on results concerning the forest impact on water cycling an attempt was undertaken to evaluate water retention in forests. The economic value of water retention was established assuming the cost of water storage in small reservoirs built in forest areas. Calculations did not account for differences resulting from different functions of naturally retained water and that stored with the use of technical methods. Considering volume and time of water retention in forests, the annual value of natural water retention in forests calculated per average hectare of the country area was estimated at 800 zł.

scholarly journals Natural water retention ponds for water management in agriculture: A potential scenario in Northern Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 292 ◽  
pp. 112849
Author(s):  
Andrea Staccione ◽  
Davide Broccoli ◽  
Paolo Mazzoli ◽  
Stefano Bagli ◽  
Jaroslav Mysiak
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Retention Ponds

Exploring Perceptions of Natural Water Retention Measures and Their Implementation: A Case Study in Northeastern Italy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Bernello ◽  
Elena Mondino ◽  
Lucia Bortolini
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Flood Damage ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Public Areas ◽  
Resilient Communities ◽  
Northeastern Italy ◽  
Potential Damage

<p>Heavy rainfall is one of the hydrogeological hazards increasingly connected with climatic changes. Natural Water Retention Measures (NWRMs) implementation represents a chance to build resilient communities and to reduce potential damage. This water management approach has several designs and can be adopted at different scales. However, NWRMs are not widespread, and in some cases they are even ignored by both citizens and public administrations. Understanding how people perceive NWRMs is the first step to promote the implementation of these structures. This study aims at exploring people’s knowledge of NWRMs and their attitudes towards them. We conducted a survey in the Veneto Region (Northeastern Italy) in 2020. Preliminary data exploration shows that the overall knowledge of NWRMs varies depending on the type of retention measure. Respondents’ attitudes towards NWRMs are positive in public areas (e.g. green spaces, parking lots), but are more heterogeneous when it comes to private properties (e.g. houses, private gardens). Further investigations are therefore needed concerning the last point. This study provides a deeper understanding of the dynamics behind water management systems’ implementation to reduce heavy rainfall and flood damage and can inform policymakers dealing with flood risk management.</p>

Assessing multi-scale effects of natural water retention measures on in-stream fine bed material deposits with a modeling cascade

2020 ◽  
pp. 125702
Author(s):  
Damiano Baldan ◽  
Bano Mehdi ◽  
Eva Feldbacher ◽  
Mikołaj Piniewski ◽  
Christoph Hauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Water ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Scale Effects ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Bed Material
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